Master's thesis deals with present state assessment of flood hazard on rivers Svitava and Svratka in the southern part of Brno. Flood discharges Q5, Q20, Q100 and Q100N were solved using coupled 1D/2D numerical model. All results were evaluated as maps of hazard.

This diploma thesis deals with numerical simulations of the optical response of plasmonic infrared antennas placed on silicon substrates with thin film of silicon dioxide and subsequently with fitting of scattering spectra by model of coupled harmonic oscillators. In this work, we study an influence of length of antennas on the strength of coupling of localized surface plasmons in the antennas with phonons in silicon dioxide film. Also, the influence of silicon dioxide film thickness on this coupling is investigated.

The main object of this work is the technology of radio frequency controlled inductively coupled plasma, abbreviated RF-ICP. The specific goal of the work was the application of surface layers of tungsten and analysis of the influence of changes in process conditions on the resulting microstructure and chemical composition of deposited coatings. The monitored conditions were torch power, choice of carrier gas, powder feedrate.

his thesis deals with exploration of paper mill building, structural load, and assessment of current load bearing structure and proposing reconstruction. Bearing structure is entirely made out of steel and it’s done as XYZ frame. The building is located in Olsany u Sumperka, this defines the climate. The paper mill is of a platform of 54,0 x 48,25 m. It’s a two floor building with average height of 13,22m. Thesis contains foto documentation of the building and tests of strength of the steel in the bearing structure. Small statistical calculation was done, of all current elements of the steel structure. And necessary reconstruction was based on these calculations.

This thesis deals with the assessment of the current state of flood protection in Brno, Pisárky and the Staré Brno district on the Svratka river at km 37.053 to 41.116 and the subsequent design and assessment of flood protection measures. Hydraulic calculations were carried out using the coupled 1D / 2D numerical model of water flow to pass peak flows Q1, Q5, Q20, Q100 a Q100 unaffected. The results are processed in the form of inundation maps and drawing documentation.

The diploma thesis is aimed to design, optimize, produce and subsequently measure the properties of the reflector with the electronic steering direction for the frequency of the 24,125 GHz band ISM. The problem chosen is solved by a group of voltage-controlled varicaps. The reflector consists of a matrix of two rows, each containing 3 cells. The reflector was designed by full-wave software CST Microwave Studio 2015.

Les réseaux de capteurs sans fil (WSN) jouent un rôle important dans des applications telles que la surveillance de l'environnement, le suivi de sources et le suivi médical, ...etc. Dans les WSN, les capteurs ont la capacité d'effectuer l'échantillonnage des données, des calculs distribués et de fusionner des données. Pour effectuer ces tâches complexes, la synchronisation des horloges et la localisation sont fondamentales et essentielles. Les WSN ont été largement étudiés ces dernières années et la littérature scientifique rapporte de nombreux résultats qui les rendent applicables pour de nombreuses applications. Pour d'autres, la recherche doit encore trouver des solutions à certains des défis posés par la limitation énergétique, la dynamicité et la faible puissance de calcul. Dans le but de contribuer à la recherche sur les WSN, cette thèse propose de nouveaux algorithmes pour la synchronisation d'horloge et la localisation. La synchronisation d'horloge est nécessaire afin que les effectuent de manière efficace la fusion de données. En appliquant l'algorithme de synchronisation d'horloge, les capteurs établissent un consensus temporel et travaillent donc au même rythme. Compte tenu de la dynamicité, des faibles capacités de calcul et de la parcimonie des WSN, un nouvel algorithme de synchronisation décentralisée à impulsions couplées est proposé pour améliorer la précision de la synchronisation. L'avantage de ce type d'algorithme est que les capteurs échangent des impulsions au lieu de paquets, de sorte que non seulement la communication est efficace, mais aussi robuste à toute défaillance des capteurs dans le réseau. La localisation de capteurs a été largement étudiée dans la littérature scientifique. Cependant, la qualité et la précision de la localisation peuvent encore être améliore. Cette thèse applique l'algorithme LSCR (Régression de régions corrélées à signes dominants) au problème de localisation. Avec LSCR, on évalue des régions de confiance avec des niveaux de confiance prescrits, qui fournissent non seulement on emplacement mais aussi la confiance en cet emplacement. Dans cette thèse, plusieurs approches de localisation sont implémentées et comparées. Le résultat de la simulation montre que, sous hypothèses modérées, LSCR obtient des résultats compétitifs par rapport à d'autres méthodes. / Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) play an important role in applications such as environmental monitoring, source tracking, and health care,... In WSN, sensors have the ability to perform data sampling, distributed computing and information fusion. To perform such complex tasks, clock synchronization and localization are two fundamental and essential algorithms. WSNs have been widely studied in the past years, and the scientific literature reports many outcomes that make them applicable for some applications. For some others, research still needs to find solutions to some of the challenges posed by battery limitation, dynamicity, and low computing clock rate. With the aim of contributing to the research on WSN, this thesis proposes new algorithms for both clock synchronization and localization. For clock synchronization, sensors converge their local physical clock to perform data fusion. By applying the clock synchronization algorithm, sensors converge the time difference and therefore work at the same rate. In view of dynamicity, low computing and sparsity of WSN, a new pulse-coupled decentralized synchronization algorithm is proposed to improve the precision of the synchronization. The benefit of this kind of algorithm is that sensors only exchange zero-bit pulse instead of packets, so not only the communication is efficient but also robust to any failure of the sensors in the network. Localization of sensors has been widely studied. However, the quality and the accuracy of the localization still have a large room to improve. This thesis apply Leave-out Sign-dominant Correlated Regions (LSCR) algorithm to localization problem. With LSCR, one evaluates the accurate estimates of confidence regions with prescribed confidence levels, which provide not only the location but also the confidence of the estimation. In this thesis, several localization approaches are implemented and compared. The simulation result shows under mild assumptions, LSCR obtains competitive results compared to other methods.

Dans un propulseur à courant de Hall, la création des ions et leur accélération sont régis par le même phénomène physique. L'idée du propulseur de Hall double étage (DSHT) est de découpler l'ionisation du gaz (poussée) et l'accélération des ions (ISP), de sorte à rendre le système davantage versatile. Les travaux menés durant cette thèse visent à démontrer, grâce à des essais expérimentaux, la pertinence et la faisabilité d'un tel concept. Dans un premier temps, un prototype de DSHT, baptisé ID-HALL, a été conçu et assemblé. Il est constitué d'une source inductive magnétisée insérée dans un tube en céramique et d'un étage d'accélération identique à une barrière magnétique de propulseur simple étage. La source inductive a été optimisée de sorte à réduire le couplage capacitif et à maximiser l'efficacité du transfert de puissance par ajout de pièces en ferrite et diminution de la fréquence RF d'excitation. Dans un deuxième temps, la source inductive du propulseur a été caractérisée indépendamment du propulseur en argon et xénon pour différentes pressions. Le dispositif expérimental a permis notamment de tracer une cartographie 2D de la densité et de la température. Enfin, le propulseur a été monté dans son caisson et des mesures préliminaires (caractéristiques courant-tension, mesures par sonde RPA) ont été menées. En parallèle, des simulations utilisant un modèle hybride 2D ont été effectuées en mode simple et double étage. Elles mettent en évidence un fonctionnement versatile du moteur pour des tensions inférieures à 150 V. A terme, on visera à démontrer que la densité de courant et l'énergie des ions peuvent être, dans certaines conditions, significativement découplées. / In Hall thrusters, the same physical phenomenon is used both to generate the plasma and to accelerate ions. Furthermore, only a single operating point is experimentally observed. The double stage Hall thruster (DSHT) design could allow a separate control of ionization (thrust) and ions acceleration (ISP) to make the system more versatile. The work carried out during this PhD aims to experimentally demonstrate the relevance and the feasibility of this concept. Firstly, a new design of DSHT, called ID-HALL, was proposed and a new prototype was built. It combines the concentric cylinder configuration of a single stage Hall thruster with a magnetized inductively coupled RF plasma source (ICP) whose coil is placed inside the inner cylinder. The ICP source was improved in terms of power coupling efficiency by adding ferrite parts and by decreasing the heating RF frequency. The ICP source used in the ID-HALL thruster was then characterized independently of the thruster using argon and xenon and varying pressure. The experimental setup has allowed to measure the spatial variations of the electron density and temperature. Finally, the thruster was mounted in its vacuum chamber and preliminary measures (voltage-current characteristics, RPA measurements) were led. At the same time, simulations using a two-dimensional hybrid model were performed in single and double stage. A versatile operation for voltages lower than 150 V was highlighted. An emphasis will be given to demonstrate that the current density (given by the ion flux probe) and the ions energy (given by the RPA) might be significantly decoupled.

UDP-sugars were identified as extracellular signaling molecules, assigning a new function to these compounds in addition to their well-defined role in intracellular substrate metabolism and storage. Previously regarded as an orphan receptor, the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) P2Y14 (GPR105) was found to bind extracellular UDP and UDP-sugars. Little is known about the physiological functions of this GPCR. To study its physiological role a gene-deficient (KO) mouse strain expressing the bacterial LacZ reporter gene was used to monitor the physiological expression pattern of P2Y14. P2Y14 is mainly expressed in pancreas and salivary glands and in subpopulations of smooth muscle cells of the gastrointestinal tract, bronchioles, blood vessels and uterus. Among other phenotypical differences KO mice showed a significantly impaired glucose tolerance following oral and intraperitoneal glucose application. An unchanged insulin tolerance points towards an altered pancreatic islet function. Transcriptome analysis of pancreatic islets showed that P2Y14 deficiency significantly changed expression of components involved in insulin secretion. Insulin secretion tests revealed a reduced insulin release from P2Y14-deficient islets highlighting P2Y14 as a previously unappreciated modulator of proper insulin secretion.

The characteristics of irregular algorithms make a parallel implementation difficult, especially for PC clusters or clusters of SMPs. These characteristics may include an unpredictable access behavior to dynamically changing data structures or strong irregular coupling of computations. Problems are an unknown load distribution and expensive irregular communication patterns for data accesses and redistributions. Thus the parallel implementation of irregular algorithms on distributed memory machines and clusters requires a special organizational mechanism for a dynamic load balance while keeping the communication and administration overhead low. We propose task pool teams for implementing irregular algorithms on clusters of PCs or SMPs. A task pool team combines multithreaded programming using task pools on single nodes with explicit message passing between different nodes. The dynamic load balance mechanism of task pools is generalized to a dynamic load balance scheme for all distributed nodes. We have implemented and compared several versions for task pool teams. As application example, we use the hierarchical radiosity algorithm, which is based on dynamically growing quadtree data structures annotated by varying interaction lists expressing the irregular coupling between the quadtrees. Experiments are performed on a PC cluster and a cluster of SMPs.