Jesse Crawford, the "Poet of the Organ," was probably the most famous theatre organist of all time. Yet no biography of this noted musician existed. The purpose of this biographical study is to fill that gap.The period of the mid-1920's'to the mid-1930's was the golden age of the theatre pipe organ. The National Geographic Society estimates that some 6,500 organs were enthroned in movie palaces across the United States.Pianos had first been used to accompany the action on silent screens before Hollywood learned how to put sound on film. Organs came into use because of the wide range of sound effects available and because the organ lent itself more effectively towards creating the mood of the picture, from sorrow to joy, from hate to love, from fear to happiness. Organ music helped create the "escapist" atmosphere of American films during the Twenties and Thirties. Furthermore, the movie palace itself, lavish and opulent, provided not only an escape, but also an opportunity to enjoy surroundings more luxurious than royalty could afford. Theatre organists finding their way to the consoles of ever more elaborate theatre organs-in ever more opulent movie palaces became "personalities" over night. One name towered above all the rest--Jesse Crawford.Crawford, born of a very poor family in Woodland, California in 1895, learned music in an orphanage where his mother placed him because of her extreme poverty. Crawford played cornet and piano eventually graduating to the pipe organ. He found that it was very easy to evoke an emotional response on the part of his listeners thus earning for himself the title, The Poet of the Organ."Crawford played at the major theatres of his day including Grauman's Million Dollar Theatre in Los Angeles, The Chicago Theatre in Chicago, and reached the apex of his career at the Paramount Theatre, Times Square New York, where he spent seven years at the console of the "Mighty Wurlitzer" theatre pipe organ playing solos and in tandem with his wife, Helen.When theatre organs went into decline after the advent of sound films and the Depression of the 1930's, Crawf ord made his way into radio and continued on the personal appearance circuit. He capped his career with several years of teaching the organ at New York University, and in Los Angeles.Crawford's lasting contributions include his many organ compositions and arrangements, his writing of a short course on how to play the organ, serving as consultant on theatre organ design, development of some new organ techniques such as the so-called "Tibia roll," and, to some extent, the popularization of organ music itself.The writing of Crawford's life story involved three years of research, reading all available related materials, books, articles, and newspapers, and traveling back and forth across the country interviewing family members including Crawford's widow and daughter, friends and professional acquaintances. Preparation included assembling a virtually complete collection of Crawford's many recordings and transcriptions.At the end of his life Crawford's fame was on an upward swing. High fidelity recordings brought about a rebirth of interest in the theatre pipe organ. The newly formed American Association of Theatre Organ Enthusiasts elected him as its first Honorary Member. He made several new long playing recordings of theatre pipe organ music in the last years of his life and was in the process of preparing to play a concert for the Annual Convention of ATOE at the time of his death in 1962. Unlike many persons in the world of show business, Crawford's life did not end in obscurity.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1971. / eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.S.P.H.)--University of Michigan, 1939.

Thesis (M.S.P.H.)--University of Michigan, 1939.

A rockshelter was excavated in the west central portion of Crawford County, Indiana. A total of 87 excavation units were screened. Prom the lithic and fauna material, and the features uncovered it can be concluded that this locality was used as a hunting camp for a larger and more permanent site.

This thesis examines the careers of the first four Lindsay earls of Crawford, 1380-1453. Each of these four Scottish earls played an important role in Scottish politics, though they have not been closely examined since A. W. C. Lindsay’s Lives of the Lindsays, or a memoir of the Houses of Crawford and Balcarres, published in 1849. This is despite the fact that these men figured in some of the major events in late medieval Scotland. David 1st earl of Crawford can be linked to the murder of David Stewart duke of Rothesay in 1401-2. David 3rd earl of Crawford (d. 1446) was a marriage ally of William 6th earl of Douglas who was judicially murdered in 1440 by William Crichton and James Douglas earl of Avondale in 1440. Evidence suggests this marriage alliance was a factor in the decision to commit the murder. Alexander 4th earl of Crawford (d. 1453) was involved in the famous Douglas-Crawford-Ross tripartite bond which cost William 8th earl of Douglas his life. All of the first four earls were involved, in different ways, in the disputes to determine the succession of the earldom of Mar during their careers. Although the barony of Crawford was in Lanarkshire, the earls’ main sphere of influence was south of the Mounth, where they held lands stretching from Urie near present-day Stonehaven to Megginch near Perth. Glen Esk, their largest holding, was in Forfarshire, which was where they exerted the most influence. They also maintained a degree of influence in Aberdeenshire, where they were the hereditary sheriffs. A few factors explain their ability to maintain this sphere of influence. The first was an ability to call out a significant armed band of men, something which the first, third and fourth earls of Crawford are all recorded to have done. Most also had an income from annuities from various burghs including Aberdeen, Dundee, and Montrose totaling about £200, and they can be demonstrated to have owned a house in Dundee and maintained connections with burgesses there. This may suggest they were involved in trade. David Lindsay, 1st earl of Crawford (d. 1407), who used all of the above means to propel himself to the top ranks of Scottish politics, also promoted himself through active engagement with the culture of chivalry and crusade. This earned him much praise from the contemporary chronicler, Andrew Wyntoun. There are hints that the third and fourth earl may have maintained this interest as well.

Diskette for IBM/PC in pocket on back end paper. Copies of author's previously published articles inserted. Bibliography: leaves 186-207. An evaluation of spatial and temporal variation in composition of soil solutions collected from a hydro-toposequence with seasonally saturated soils ranging from Xeralfs to Aqualfs. The sub-catchment is under native eucalyptus and is formed from granite gneiss. The study shows that mineral weathering under eucalypt vegetation contributes substantially to the quantity of elements measured in soil solution with some aeolian salts. Migration of soil solutions to low lying areas promotes dryland salinity in these landscapes.

Diskette for IBM/PC in pocket on back end paper. / Copies of author's previously published articles inserted. / Bibliography: leaves 186-207. / xvii, 246 leaves : ill., maps ; 30 cm. + 1 computer disk (3 1/2 in.) / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / An evaluation of spatial and temporal variation in composition of soil solutions collected from a hydro-toposequence with seasonally saturated soils ranging from Xeralfs to Aqualfs. The sub-catchment is under native eucalyptus and is formed from granite gneiss. The study shows that mineral weathering under eucalypt vegetation contributes substantially to the quantity of elements measured in soil solution with some aeolian salts. Migration of soil solutions to low lying areas promotes dryland salinity in these landscapes. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Soil Science, 1996?

Thesis (M.F.A.)--Boston University / An examination of eight films starring the American actress Joan Crawford, covering the period 1927 to 1962, analyzing performative style, character construction, utilization and subversion of gender norms, cultural context, and importance of costuming

The Crawford Bay map-area is fifty square miles on the east side of Kootenay Lake, southeastern British Columbia, and is part of a regional structural belt, the Kootenay Arc, (Hedley, 1955). It is underlain by strongly deformed and metamorphosed strata of Late Proterozoic to possible Middle Paleozoic age. Sill-like bodies and boudins of metamorphosed amphibolite, and subordinate post-kinematic granitic intrusions and basic dykes of probable Mesozoic age are present in the west part of the map-area. Lithologic succession was determined by use of primary structures in the east part of the map-area and by lithologic correlation in the more highly metamorphosed western part. Horsethief Creek Group, Lower Hamill Group, Upper Hamill Group, Mohican and Badshot Formations, and Lardeau Group comprise an apparent conformable succession. Rock-unit nomenclature is the same as used for similar strata in the Kootenay Arc of the Lardeau and Salmo areas. However, fault-bound Upper Hamill is composed of strata which do not have defined lithologic equivalents outside the map-area and more detailed study of this part of the succession is suggested. The sequence is unfossilifereous and and age of the strata is based on correlation of Badshot Formation with Badshot outside the map-area that has yielded Archeocyathids of late Lower Cambrian age. Three phases of deformation, of variable intensity, are recognized within the map-area. Phase one folds are the earliest tectonic event and delineate the main structural trend. Three major folds, outlined by stratigraphic mapping, the Plaid Lake syncline, the Washout Creek syncline, and the Crawford Bay synform, are believed to be phase one structures. Early phase folds are isoclinal "similar" with axial planes parallel to gross lithologic layering. Fold axes and related penetrative mineral lineation plunge up to 20° northward except where locally deformed by subsequent structures. Only small scale phase two folds are recognized. These are asymmetric "similar" folds with southeast trending axial planes which dip moderately to the southwest, and westward plunging fold axes. Major faults may have formed during either phase of deformation. Kinks and related quartz veins formed during phase three deformation. Folding of bedding by phase three kinks is considered to be flexural-slip. Regional metamorphism is synkinematic with phase one and two deformation. Culmination of metamorphism appears to be post-faulting and post-phase two deformation. Phase three deformation is post-metamorphic. Chlorite, biotite, garnet, diopside, and sillimanite zones delineate an increasing metamorphic gradient from east to west. Distribution coefficients, KD= Mg/Fe garnet / Mg/Fe biotite, of Mg and Fe in coexisting garnet and biotite pairs in Mohican Formation, are larger with increasing metamorphic grade from the east limb to the west limb of the Crawford Bay synform. / Science, Faculty of / Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, Department of / Graduate