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This thesis explores the feasibility of the application of statistical regression theory to the curve fitting of mortality data. Equations derived from Makeham's first law were used. These include:1x = ksxgcXlog lx=a+hx+bcx color pX = A + BcxThe 1941 CSO and 1958 CSO mortality tables were used for initial study.Extending this work, pure raw mortality data in conjunction with a modified version of the last equation above was employed. Results were quite interesting.

The effect of economic growth on environmental quality is much under dispute. A number of empirical studies have made the claim that there exists in some income ranges a positive relation between per capita income and some measure of environmental quality. According to this inverted U-shaped pattern of different pollutants relative to per capita incomes in different countries which is also called the "Environmental Kuznets Curve" (EKC), environmental pressure increases up to a point as income goes up; after the turning point environmental quality improves as income keeps rising. Possible explanations for this pattern are seen in the progression of economic development, from clean agrarian economies to polluting industrial economies to clean service economies. This trend is enhanced through the transfer of cleaner technology from high-income countries to low-income countries and the tendency of people with higher income having a higher preference for environmental quality. Since this relationship is so fundamental to questions of economic development and sustainability it has provoked a vast load of research over the last seven years supporting but also heavily criticizing the results and conclusions. This paper gives an overview of the literature published on this topic to date and the conceptual, methodological and fundamental critique put forward. (author's abstract) / Series: Working Papers Series "Growth and Employment in Europe: Sustainability and Competitiveness"

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An excessive curve of Spee (COS) is a common orthodontic finding, particularly in patients with a deep overbite (OB). The purpose of this analysis was to evaluate COS leveling and OB correction in patients treated with IncognitoTM, a customized lingual appliance system. Pre- and post-treatment cephalometric radiographs were compared for 34 patients with a deep OB and excessive COS treated with IncognitoTM. The mean pre- and post-treatment COS was 1.78 mm (SD: 0.36 mm) and 0.37 mm (SD: 0.41 mm) respectively, indicating a significant amount of leveling (-1.41 mm, SD: 0.49 mm, p<0.001). The mean pre- and post-treatment OB was 5.80 mm (SD: 1.26 mm) and 2.91 mm (SD: 0.86 mm) respectively, demonstrating a significant reduction in OB (-2.89 mm, SD 1.27 mm, p<0.001). COS and OB correction was accomplished by incisor proclination, and a greater (but not significantly different) amount of mandibular incisor intrusion versus premolar and molar extrusion.

The goal of this study was to show that quantifiable metabolic changes may be used to screen for cancer. NIH III nude mice (n=22) were injected with human GBM cells, with daily urine samples collected pre and post-injection. 14 mice were injected with saline to serve as controls. The measurement of metabolite concentrations took place on an 800 MHz NMR spectrometer. 34 metabolites were identified and quantified, through targeted profiling, with Chenomx Suite 5.1. Univariate statistical analysis showed that 3 metabolites (2-oxoglutarate, glucose and trimethylamine n-oxide) were significantly altered in the presence of tumour, while PCA and PLS-DA models found the maximum variance between the healthy and tumour-bearing groups. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was applied to the data set to provide a measure of clinical utility. ROC statistics were as high as 0.85 for the analysis of individual metabolites, 0.939 for the analysis of metabolite pairs and 0.996 for PLS-DA models. These results show that metabolomics has potential as a screening tool for cancer. / Medical Physics

国立情報学研究所で電子化したコンテンツを使用している。