The graduation thesis is focused on the history of basketball in the Czech Lands from 1945 to the present. The present, in this thesis, is set as the year of 2000. This year has been selected because of the thesis range and the information availability on the internet. The main purpose is to analyse the specific official international competitions, in which the Czechoslovaks and the Czechs were participated. The next purpose is to analyse the main basketball league for men and women in the Czechoslovakia and in the Czech Republic. The whole thesis is divided into six main chapters. In every chapter is described a brief outline of socio economic conditions for years, on which is the chapter focused on. In every part of the thesis are also described international events. The major focused is on the events, that our representation had a great result. The other subject, which can be found in every chapter, is home main basketball competition for men and for women. Every part of the work is completed with photographs, pictures and charts, that have connection with the specific period.