Thesis (M.A.) in Theatre--University of Maine, 2001. / Includes vita. Advisory Committee: Sandra E. Hardy, Assoc. Prof. of Theatre, Advisor; Thomas J. Mikotowicz, Assoc. Prof. of Theatre; Marcia J. Douglas, Asst. Prof. of Theatre. Bibliography: leaves 57-58.

This thesis looks at the diverse aesthetic approaches of onlookers to Kathakali, a traditional dance-drama extant in Kerala, India. Its particular contribution is based on fieldwork undertaken in the period 1991-93, especially in the districts of Trichur and Palghat, and distinguishes a continuum of two over-lapping broad groups: popular spectators and elitist appreciators who provide different, contesting voices in the interviews. The aesthetic processes of individuals within these groups of onlookers and the ways in which they may gradually change form the primary focus of this work. Respondents to interviews provide diverse descriptions of their interactions with performances according to their perceived membership to groups of popular spectators or elitist appreciators. They also identify dimensions of performance that may contribute to the development of their own performance competence and their subsequent transition from one group of onlookers to another. The influences that shape the diverse approaches of these groups and have been examined here include traditional Hindu aesthetics, religion, politics, caste structures and the changing shape of patronage, which is itself also a reflection of historical factors of governance. Kathakali is first presented as vignettes of performance that reflect different locations, venues, patronage and program choices. It is then situated in relation to extant, contiguous performance genres that have contributed to its development and/or often share its billing in traditional settings. The politics and aesthetics of the worlds of Kathakali are looked at not only in terms of their traditional, folkloric and classical development but also in contrast to more contemporary, secular and controversial dynamics that are impacting upon Kathakali today.

This thesis looks at the diverse aesthetic approaches of onlookers to Kathakali, a traditional dance-drama extant in Kerala, India. Its particular contribution is based on fieldwork undertaken in the period 1991-93, especially in the districts of Trichur and Palghat, and distinguishes a continuum of two over-lapping broad groups: popular spectators and elitist appreciators who provide different, contesting voices in the interviews. The aesthetic processes of individuals within these groups of onlookers and the ways in which they may gradually change form the primary focus of this work. Respondents to interviews provide diverse descriptions of their interactions with performances according to their perceived membership to groups of popular spectators or elitist appreciators. They also identify dimensions of performance that may contribute to the development of their own performance competence and their subsequent transition from one group of onlookers to another. The influences that shape the diverse approaches of these groups and have been examined here include traditional Hindu aesthetics, religion, politics, caste structures and the changing shape of patronage, which is itself also a reflection of historical factors of governance. Kathakali is first presented as vignettes of performance that reflect different locations, venues, patronage and program choices. It is then situated in relation to extant, contiguous performance genres that have contributed to its development and/or often share its billing in traditional settings. The politics and aesthetics of the worlds of Kathakali are looked at not only in terms of their traditional, folkloric and classical development but also in contrast to more contemporary, secular and controversial dynamics that are impacting upon Kathakali today.

Thesis (M.Arch.(prof.))--University of Pretoria, 2006. / Includes summary. Includes bibliographical references. Available on the Internet via the World Wide Web.

Trabalho voltado a três brincadeiras populares com personagem negro de máscara, em três Estados brasileiros, e a comparações com o personagem Macunaíma, de Mário de Andrade. Foi realizada pesquisa de campo com registro áudio-visual por quatro anos, em continuidade com pesquisa anterior de Mestrado. O capítulo 1 introduz abordagens de Mário de Andrade, etnomusicologia, semiótica, estudos africanos e afro-brasileiros. O capítulo 2 avalia grandezas reunidas em Macunaíma, da fonte etnográfica às visões dos personagens negros da cultura popular, com índices da própria obra, da correspondência com Bandeira e da crítica. O capítulo 3 tange à experiência de campo, ao registro de Mário de Andrade do palhaço Veludo no Lundu do Escravo e à visão de Tinhorão dos palhaços negros cantores. No capítulo 4 vêm as transcrições dos textos registrados em campo com os personagens Pai Francisco, Catirina, Mateus e Bastião, nos três Estados. E o capítulo 5 traz balanço comparativo dos três registros e coerências com Macunaíma. A conclusão aborda o disfarce social e a vitalidade das representações negras. / This is a study of three dramatic dances with masked black character, from three states of Brazil, in comparison with Mario de Andrade´s character Macunaíma. Field research with audio/video capture was done in four years, in continuity with the research for a previous thesis. Chapter 1 introduces Mário de Andrade´s approaches, ethnomusicology, semiotics, African and Afro-brazilian studies. Chapter 2 considers diferent values in Macunaíma, from the ethnographic base to visions of black characters in Brazilian popular culture, referring data from the book itself, from Andrade´s letters to Manuel Bandeira and from the critics. Chapter 3 discusses field experience, Andrade´s register of the clown Veludo in Lundu do Escravo and Tinhorão´s vision of the singing black minstrels. Chapter 4 brings transcriptions of texts registered in field with the characters Black Francisco, Catirina, Mateus and Bastião in three states of Brazil. And chapter 5 brings comparisons of the three narratives, and coherences with Macunaíma. The conclusion approaches social disguise and masks and vitality of black representations.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 440-478).

Trabalho voltado a três brincadeiras populares com personagem negro de máscara, em três Estados brasileiros, e a comparações com o personagem Macunaíma, de Mário de Andrade. Foi realizada pesquisa de campo com registro áudio-visual por quatro anos, em continuidade com pesquisa anterior de Mestrado. O capítulo 1 introduz abordagens de Mário de Andrade, etnomusicologia, semiótica, estudos africanos e afro-brasileiros. O capítulo 2 avalia grandezas reunidas em Macunaíma, da fonte etnográfica às visões dos personagens negros da cultura popular, com índices da própria obra, da correspondência com Bandeira e da crítica. O capítulo 3 tange à experiência de campo, ao registro de Mário de Andrade do palhaço Veludo no Lundu do Escravo e à visão de Tinhorão dos palhaços negros cantores. No capítulo 4 vêm as transcrições dos textos registrados em campo com os personagens Pai Francisco, Catirina, Mateus e Bastião, nos três Estados. E o capítulo 5 traz balanço comparativo dos três registros e coerências com Macunaíma. A conclusão aborda o disfarce social e a vitalidade das representações negras. / This is a study of three dramatic dances with masked black character, from three states of Brazil, in comparison with Mario de Andrade´s character Macunaíma. Field research with audio/video capture was done in four years, in continuity with the research for a previous thesis. Chapter 1 introduces Mário de Andrade´s approaches, ethnomusicology, semiotics, African and Afro-brazilian studies. Chapter 2 considers diferent values in Macunaíma, from the ethnographic base to visions of black characters in Brazilian popular culture, referring data from the book itself, from Andrade´s letters to Manuel Bandeira and from the critics. Chapter 3 discusses field experience, Andrade´s register of the clown Veludo in Lundu do Escravo and Tinhorão´s vision of the singing black minstrels. Chapter 4 brings transcriptions of texts registered in field with the characters Black Francisco, Catirina, Mateus and Bastião in three states of Brazil. And chapter 5 brings comparisons of the three narratives, and coherences with Macunaíma. The conclusion approaches social disguise and masks and vitality of black representations.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 440-478). / Also available by subscription via World Wide Web / xxi, 478 leaves, bound col. ill., maps 29 cm

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