Physical customer products have an environmental impact, such as greenhouse gas emissions, due to the use of virgin resources from cradle-to-grave, especially when the origin of the material is from fossil resources. This thesis aims to create a circular business model, by investigating the product ‘stroller’ and place it in a Product Service System, where the user subscribes to the Stroller Service System. This means that the product gets a service function: ‘transportation of a child’, mapped with a user-centered approach. The main objective is to lower the ecological footprint by adopting a modular design including bio-based material and stainless steel, and also include services to address economical and social sustainability goals. The methodology that is used is divided into two parts: Status Analysis – which consists of stroller related literature study, literature review and case study, and the second part is the Design Process – creating the product-, service- and system design. The results are grounded in user insights, life cycle assessment and co-creation with experts, where the conclusions are that a PSS Model Stroller should be used by 4-6 users which translate to about 15-20 years of usage for the steel layer. The way of refurbishing the strollers is done by contract workers that exist where the users exists, i.e. Ease Stroller Hub, who change the bio-based material in-between the use-phases and hands over the refurbished stroller to the next user. Add-on services of access to car pools and grocery delivery is included in the system to ease the stroller user’s everyday life and is a way to designing out the need of owning a car, to lower the overall environmental impact.

Com a crescente oferta de cursos superiores de design no Brasil, considerou-se que parte dos egressos destes cursos não seguem atuando nesta área. Notou-se que, com o advento de publicações sobre o tema do design thinking e sobre o ensino de elementos do design na educação geral, há valorização dos atributos da formação do designer para resolver problemas em outras áreas. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi verificar a possibilidade de aspectos da formação em design permearem a atuação de ex-alunos deste curso no desempenho de outras atividades profissionais. Metodologia de projeto, antecipação construtiva, capacidade criativa, uso de linguagem visual, pensamento abstrato, análise crítica, noções de gestalt e de semiótica, entre outros elementos, fazem parte da formação do designer e interferem em sua forma de pensar e de resolver problemas. Esta pesquisa se baseou em métodos qualitativos de investigação, empregando, sobretudo, entrevistas semiestruturadas em profundidade com diversas categorias de respondentes afetas à temática. / With the growing offer of higher education courses in design in Brazil, some that graduate from these courses end up not working in this area. The advent of publications on the subject of design thinking and on the teaching of design elements in general education, the attributes of designer\'s academic background for solving problems in other areas are being valued. The object of this research was to check for the possibility that aspects of their background in design might permeate the actions of former students of this course when carrying out other professional activities. Project methodology, constructive anticipation, creative capacity, the use of visual language, abstract thinking, critical analysis, notions of Gestalt and semiotics and other elements form part of the designer\'s education and interfere in his/her way of thinking and solving problems. This research is based on qualitative methods of investigation and uses, in particular, semi-structured and in-depth interviews with many different categories of respondents who are devoted to this subject.

O que se desejou investigar é se a metodologia do Design Thinking (DT) e da Teoria de Resolução de Problemas Inventivos (TRIZ) podem ser utilizadas em conjunto de maneira sinérgica na fase conceitual de um processo de desenvolvimento de produto (PDP) automotivo do tipo APQP (Advanced Product Quality Planning) com a finalidade de alavancar a criatividade na geração de ideias e, ao mesmo tempo, selecionar o melhor conceito para levar às demais fases do PDP. A presente pesquisa busca entender dentro da literatura os pontos fortes e limitações de cada uma das metodologias e, ao mesmo tempo, propõe uma forma de combiná-las à metodologia APQP. O processo proposto é então testado dentro de um projeto de redução de massa de guarnição de carroceria na região da porta de um veículo automotivo de passeio. Como ficará demonstrado, o PDP automotivo do tipo APQP, utilizando a melhoria proposta, se mostra mais eficaz ao alavancar a criatividade ao mesmo tempo que consolida uma fase de conceito dentro do APQP automotivo tradicional. Através desta pesquisa, concluiu-se que ambas as metodologias são sinérgicas e que, portanto, podem trazer melhorias para o atual processo APQP, alavancando a qualidade e assertividade da geração de ideias, bem como apoiando a seleção do melhor conceito a ser levado para as próximas fases. / This research aimed to verify whether the methodology of Design Thinking (DT) and the Theory of Inventive Problem Solving (TRIZ) could be used together synergistically in the conceptual phase of a new product development project (NPD) in the automotive industry through the also know APQP (Advanced Product Quality Planning) process. The main purpose was to leverage the creativity by generating ideas that are more qualified and, at the same time, select the best product concepts to be taken to the next phases of the NPD. This research seeks to understand within the literature the strengths and limitations of each of the methodologies and, at the same time, a proposal is made on how to integrate them into the APQP methodology. The proposed process is then tested in a project of mass reduction of the door body seal of an automotive vehicle. As shall be demonstrated, the automotive NPD, by using the improvement proposal, will become more effective by leveraging the creativity while consolidates a conceptual stage within the APQP. Through this research, it is concluded that both methodologies are synergistic and, therefore, can bring improvements for the current APQP process by leveraging the quality and assertiveness of the generation of ideas, as well as supporting to select the best concept to be taken to the next phases.

Digital games are part of the creative industries, which is based on value creation through ideas and creativity. This market has gained relevance due to technology development that attracted both new firms and users. The present dissertation aims to explore three themes: (1) video game market as a two-sided market; (2) the effects of characteristics and behavior of game titles on consoles sales; and (3) project management to develop digital games. Those themes were explored through three articles: the first is a literature review and a bibliometric study of the economic concepts on two-sided market, which focused at identifying main topics, research trends and avenues for futures research. The second text is an analysis on the simultaneous influence of games\' quality and exclusivity on console sales. The last one is a qualitative, multiple-case study to understand, explore and suggest improvements to game project management in the Brazilian market. Findings include: (1) the main authors and topics, trends and developments, from and avenues for future research; (2) combinations of quality and exclusivity can affect console sales either positively or negatively, (3) quality has a predominant effect on sales over games non-exclusivity; and (4) the use of agile methodologies and Design Thinking are diffused among game developers. / Sem resumo.

Submitted by Sara Ribeiro (sara.ribeiro@ucb.br) on 2018-04-24T14:45:40Z No. of bitstreams: 1 KatianeDuarteFelixDissertacao2017.pdf: 1649203 bytes, checksum: a93de32b23bab298272b9a92cf5cb40f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Sara Ribeiro (sara.ribeiro@ucb.br) on 2018-04-24T14:46:44Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 KatianeDuarteFelixDissertacao2017.pdf: 1649203 bytes, checksum: a93de32b23bab298272b9a92cf5cb40f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-24T14:46:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 KatianeDuarteFelixDissertacao2017.pdf: 1649203 bytes, checksum: a93de32b23bab298272b9a92cf5cb40f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-12-11 / In an environment with constant and rapid changes and increasing competition, organizations need to identify ways to be able to face this competition. SESI carried out 67 panels of specialists that identified 1275 products, comparing to the SESI portfolio, it was verify that of this total, 36.4% (464) SESI did not offer, 21.5% (274) SESI offer, providing a reflection on the lack of notion of specialists regarding the SESI portfolio in Occupational Safety and Health and Health Promotion. This way, the institution can benefit by identifying means of using digital technologies and existing information within its institutions through the identification of elements understanding of the dynamics in the dissemination and development of services to meet the demands of Brazilian industries. It??s proposed to characterize a system for a new relationship between SESI and customers in the service offering, using the PDCA Cycle methodology associated with the Design Thinking approach and requirements engineering concepts with the purpose of improving demand-side service. / Com as constantes e r??pidas mudan??as no ambiente e uma concorr??ncia cada vez maior, as organiza????es necessitam identificar formas de conseguir enfrentar essa competi????o. O SESI realizou 67 pain??is de especialistas que identificaram 1275 produtos, comparando ao portf??lio do SESI, verificou-se que deste total, 36,4% (464) o SESI n??o oferta, 21,5% (274) o SESI oferta, proporcionando uma reflex??o quanto ?? falta de conhecimento dos especialistas quanto ao portf??lio do SESI em Seguran??a e Sa??de no Trabalho e Promo????o da Sa??de. Com isso, a institui????o pode beneficiar-se ao identificar meios de utilizar as tecnologias digitais e as informa????es existentes dentro das suas institui????es atrav??s da identifica????o de elementos de entendimento da din??mica na divulga????o e no desenvolvimento de servi??os para o atendimento das demandas das ind??strias brasileiras. Prop??e-se caracterizar um sistema para nova forma de relacionamento entre SESI e clientes na oferta de servi??os, utilizando a metodologia do Ciclo PDCA associado a abordagem do Design Thinking e conceitos da engenharia de requisitos com intuito de melhoria do atendimento a demanda.

Submitted by Joana Azevedo (joanad@id.uff.br) on 2017-08-24T17:48:41Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissert Vania Coutinho Gomes Andrade.pdf: 1719613 bytes, checksum: 5498e8687b81f7ae44beb7c96979f3a7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Biblioteca da Escola de Engenharia (bee@ndc.uff.br) on 2017-08-25T16:08:46Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissert Vania Coutinho Gomes Andrade.pdf: 1719613 bytes, checksum: 5498e8687b81f7ae44beb7c96979f3a7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-25T16:08:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissert Vania Coutinho Gomes Andrade.pdf: 1719613 bytes, checksum: 5498e8687b81f7ae44beb7c96979f3a7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-07-04 / Atualmente, o setor de serviços constitui-se em uma das áreas essenciais da vida contemporânea. Por isso, cresce cada vez mais a busca por artifícios que possibilitem às organizações maneiras de inovar, com o intuito de alcançar um maior número de consumidores. A partir daí surgem as metodologias ou ferramentas para incrementar as estratégias de inovação. Portanto, algumas de tais propostas incluem o cliente como o ator principal das pesquisas no processo de criação de serviços. Diante desta perspectiva, a biblioteca entendida como um organismo que trabalha com a entrega de produtos e serviços informacionais também se encontra sujeita ao reprojeto dos seus serviços, fato proposto por intermédio da pesquisa sobre os valores, percepções, necessidades e expectativas dos seus usuários. Através desta concepção, o objetivo deste trabalho se constituiu na utilização da abordagem do Design Thinking como princípio de inovação dos serviços ofertados pela biblioteca do campus Nova Iguaçu, pertencente ao Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica Celso Suckow da Fonseca (Cefet/RJ), caracterizando a pesquisa em um estudo de caso. Como método e instrumento de coleta de dados foram utilizados: a) um questionário fechado, oriundo da ferramenta LibQUAL (um extrato da metodologia SERVQUAL voltado para bibliotecas), aplicado aos alunos, professores e técnico-administrativos do campus Nova Iguaçu, com o intuito de realizar um levantamento dos atributos/critérios de serviços a serem explorados; b) um questionário aberto, aplicado aos bibliotecários-chefe do Sistema de Bibliotecas; c) um grupo focal com o objetivo de realizar um debate sobre os dados observados e através de um brainstorming se alcançar possíveis ideias inovadoras. / Currently, the service sector is one of the essential areas of contemporary life. Therefore, the search for artifacts that enable organizations to innovate in order to reach a larger number of consumers is growing. From this stand the methodologies or tools to increase innovation strategies. Therefore, some of these proposals includes the client as the main actor of the research on the process of creating services. In this perspective, the library understood as an organization that works with the delivery of products and information services, is also subject to redesign its services, through research about the values, perceptions, needs and expectations of its users. Through this conception, the objective of this work was to use the Design Thinking approach as a principle of innovation of the services offered by the Nova Iguaçu Library, belonging to the Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica Celso Suckow da Fonseca (Cefet/RJ), characterizing the research as a case study. Thus, as method and instrument of data collection were used: a) A closed questionnaire from the LibQUAL tool (an extract from the SERVQUAL methodology for libraries), applied to the students, teachers and administrative technicians of the Nova Iguaçu campus with the purpose of performing a survey of the attributes / criteria of services to be explored; b) An open questionnaire, applied to the system's chief librarians; c) a focus group with the objective of holding a debate on the observed data and reach innovative ideas through a brainstorming.

設計思考是強調以人為本的創新，透過同理心之觀察、研究，全盤發想整體的創新對策來解決最根本的議題，並以原型製作輔助闡述，創造出新組合和跨領域解決方案，最終達到策略商業設計的目的(Strategic business design)。 現在，純粹以製造為導向、科技為導向的能力與觀念已不足以因應台灣當前所處之市場競爭環境，設計思考闡述回歸人性、回歸關懷顧客的根本需求，「以人為本」，援引社會學家、人類學家的田野調查方法，及開放的動腦會議，提供創新思考模式開發產品、服務甚至是流程或組織變革。 本研究以創新的擴散為研究架構，結合台灣企業實務導入之經驗，與相關領域專家訪談，希望能對台灣企業面臨之挑戰提供建議。 / What is “Design Thinking”? Design thinking is the human-centered innovation that focuses on the issues of observation, accurate definition and early test. Through these processes with empathy base, we are able to come up with a total innovation strategy which solves the fundamental problems. With the help of prototyping, design thinking creates a whole new interdisciplinary innovation achieving the ambition of strategic business design. This system which includes manufacture- oriented abilities and tech-oriented concepts is inadequate for the fierce competition what we live in. Design thinking makes us return to human nature by methodologies of sociology and anthropology. In addition, open brainstorming provides an innovative way for new product development, new service or even organization reforms. This research bases on the “Diffusion of Innovations” written by Everett M. Rogers, and the experiences gained from practical execution of industry and experts, hoping it would give some advice on dealing with nowadays challenges.

<p><strong>Bakgrund:</strong> Den svenska hälso- och sjukvården står idag inför en mängd problem som kommer att förvärras i framtiden. Ökande kostnader, bristande tillgänglighet och växande förväntningar från medborgarna är några av problemen som måste lösas. För att möta dessa problem måste den svenska hälso- och sjukvården förändra sig, något som de historiskt har haft svårigheter med. I andra länder har man använt sig av designtänkande för att förändra sig, med goda resultat. </p><p><strong>Problem:</strong> Vilka faktorer är viktiga för att man ska kunna lösa upp det organisatoriska motståndet mot förändring inom den svenska hälso- och sjukvården? </p><p><strong>Syfte:</strong> Syftet med denna undersökning är att analysera och utvärdera designtänkande som hjälpmedel för förändring av hälso- och sjukvårdsorganisationen. </p><p><strong>Metod:</strong> Undersökningen är kvalitativ och består av en jämförelse mellan förändringsarbeten som genomförts med respektive utan designtänkande. </p><p><strong>Teorier:</strong> Professionsbyråkrati, dominerande idéer och företagets kultur, förändringsanalys, designtänkande och värdestjärnan. </p><p><strong>Empiri:</strong> 17 kvalitativa intervjuer med anställda vid tre sjukhus (Karolinska sjukhuset, S:t Görans sjukhus AB och Mälarsjukhuset) samt tre intervjuer med industridesigners som har genomfört förändringsarbete inom sjukvården. </p><p><strong>Analys:</strong> Analysen är uppdelad i två delar. Först analyserar författarna de förändringsarbeten som har genomförts utan designtänkande följt av en analys av de förändringsarbeten som genomförts med designtänkande. Variabler som är centrala för analysen är; motstånd vid förändring, förankring och involvering. </p><p><strong>Resultat:</strong> Denna undersökning visar att designtänkande är ett utmärkt hjälpmedel för förändring eftersom det är en användarfokuserad och involverande metod som baseras på goda faktaunderlag. Genom att ta in designkompetens utifrån kan hälso- och sjukvården få en bättre helhetssyn av sin egen verksamhet och få hjälp att lösa problem som de ännu inte lyckats lösa själva. </p><p><strong>Slutsats:</strong> De faktorer som är viktiga för att man ska kunna lösa upp det organisatoriska motståndet mot förändring inom den svenska hälso- och sjukvården är att beslutsfattarna närmar sig verksamheten, att man tillför resurser, att förändringar är bättre förankrade i verksamheten och involverar de anställda samt att man tar in kompetens utifrån som kan skapa en samverkan mellan de avdelningar och vårdinstanser som idag inte samarbetar.</p> / <p><strong>Background:</strong> Swedish healthcare is facing a number of problems that will only get worse in the future. Increasing costs, lack of accessibility and growing expactasions from citizens are just some of the problems. The Swedish healthcare system has to change, something that they, from a historical point of view, have had great difficulties with. In other countries design thinking has been a succesful method for change. </p><p><strong>Problem:</strong> Which factors are essential to disolve the organizational resistance to change in Swedish healthcare? </p><p><strong>Objective:</strong> The objective of this study is to analyse and evaluate the design thinking as a method for change in Swedish healthcare. </p><p><strong>Method:</strong> This study uses a cualitative method and compares organizational change processes performed with and without design thinking. </p><p><strong>Theories:</strong> Professional bureaucracy, dominating ideas and company culture, change analysis, design thinking and value star. </p><p><strong>Empiric:</strong> 17 qualitative interviews with employes at three different hospital (Karolinska hospital, S:t Görans hospital AB and Mälarsjukhuset) and three interviews with industrial designers who’ve worked with design thinking and service design within the Swedish healthcare system. </p><p><strong>Analysis:</strong> The analysis consists of two parts. First the authors analyse organizational change processes without design thinking as a method followed by an analysis of organizational change processes with design thinking as a method. Variables that are central for the analysis are; resistance to change, the anchoring of change in the organization and involvement. </p><p><strong>Result:</strong> This paper shows that design thinking is a good method for change in healthcare because it is a user oriented, involving and fact based method. By bringing in design skills from outside the organisation, Swedish healthcare can gain an improved holistic view of its operations and get the help they need to solve the problems that they have yet to solve on their own. </p><p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Factors that are essential to disolve the organizational resistance to change in Swedish healthcare is that the decision makers must get closer to the organization floor, more resources, better anchored changes processes, involvement of the staff and seeking help outside of the organization to create collaboration between divisions.</p>

近二十年來，環境低碳永續思潮可謂國際城市規劃顯學，各國在城鄉及建築規劃領域之設計思維及技術手法也積極提升，日益精進。台灣政府也不自外於此風潮，施政走向積極回應此地球公民責任，將節能減碳、綠色永續列為政府規劃標案之關鍵議題。工程顧問業面對此項國際競爭挑戰，應透過設計思考程序來養成工程師永續思維，建立解析環境永續低碳議題之整合規劃能力，為本研究之主要研究動機與目的。 本研究爰引歐盟生態城市規劃流程為基礎，導入設計思考理念與手法，建立一套具備全球生態城市規劃思潮、可科學化具體操作雙重特點之整合規劃作業程序。同時，透過平潭總體規劃國際競圖案之實際操練，讓設計團隊體驗在嚴謹的論證前提框架內，藉由科學程序引導，激發出創新提案，也讓設計者體認到整合規劃之必須與重要度。 建置永續城市規劃整合模型亦為本研究之重要成果，主要功能係可檢核運算規劃方案對生態永續層面之達成率。此整合模型以歐盟生態城市規劃流程為主要框架，再納入國內生態社區評估系統之分項指標，兼俱國際前瞻思潮、與國內既有評估系統儘量相容兩項特性。另為因應不同規模尺度規劃任務之精細度要求，將整合模型區分成快速評估及詳實評估兩種版本，並以江蘇啟東濱江新城總體規劃案進行快速評估版之實證演算。 本研究將設計思考導入城市規劃實質作業，誠屬首創，研究成果所建立之整合規劃作業程序與永續城市規劃整合模型，亦屬城市規劃在製程(Process)與供應(Offering)兩類項之創新突破。未來，將持續進行相關專業評估指標之細化、模型執行電腦程式化、成果數值轉化等模型優化擴充，俾使成為引導永續規劃之重要專業工具，戮力工程顧問應盡之企業社會責任。 關鍵詞：生態城市規劃流程、設計思考、永續城市規劃 / During the past two decades, the low-carbon-emission and sustainability should be the two most important issues of urban planning, while all the theory and technical approach related to urban planning are enhanced increasingly sophisticated. Taiwan government is also engaged in this trend. For actively responding to the responsibility as an international citizen, energy saving, carbon reduction, and green sustainable development are requested as key issues of government tenders. Facing these international challenges, how engineering consultancy to develop the integrated planning capability through design thinking process to resolve environmental sustainability and low-carbon agenda, is the principal motive and purpose of this research. Based on the EU eco-city planning process, the integrated planning standard process is established through the concept of design thinking and practices. The global eco-city planning concept and scientific specific operation are both characteristics of this comprehensive planning procedure. Besides, through the practical exercises of Ping-tan conceptual master planning international competition, the design team is experienced how an innovation proposal could be created in this rigorous scientific procedure and the synergy of integrated planning. Establishing the sustainable urban planning integrated model is the important result of this research. This model could evaluate the sustainability commitment of each planning alternatives. The model is developed with the main framework of the EU eco-city planning process and detailed indicators of EEWH-EC model. Taking into account the international forward-looking thought and compatible with the local EEWH-EC model are two significant characteristic of this integrated model. This integrated model is functionally developed into two versions, rapid assessment and detailed assessment, to cope with the different scale of planning tasks. In addition, the rapid assessment version is implemented for the Qi-Dong Riverside new district conceptual master planning project. In this research, the design thinking initiated into urban planning process is a pioneering undertaking. The two findings of this research, integrated planning standard process and sustainable urban planning integrated model, are having innovation breakthrough each other in process and offering of urban planning. The further expansion of the model, Including professional assessment indicators refinement, computer programming implementation, and the output solution formation, will be continued. In the future, the model is expected to be optimized as an important tool for urban planning. It will be the best practice of corporate social responsibility for engineering consultancy. Keywords： eco-city planning process, design thinking, sustainable urban planning

The rapid disposal of products has detrimental effects on environment which is increasing resource consumption for the production of new products, along with the waste production. Therefore, designing long lasting products has great importance for achieving sustainable consumption and production. The present study analyzes the implications of an approach called post-use design thinking for achieving sustainable consumption and production through product longevity. To explore that approach, two educational industrial design projects are analyzed throughout the study. The results suggest that post-use design thinking should be considered at the early stages of the design process. The idea generation exercises developed specifically for this design thinking seem to be helpful in generating design solutions for post-use phase. The results also indicate that the post-use design thinking is feasible in terms of design and production for glass packaging products, which is the specific case analyzed throughout the research.