Thesis (doctoral)--Universität Bern, 1912. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 53).

Inaug.-diss.--Erlangen.

Inaug.-diss--Universität Bern.

Ing.-diss.-Freiburg. / Cover title.

Thesis (PH. D.)--University of Chicago, 1922. / Vita. "Private edition, distributed by the University of Chicago libraries, Chicago, Illinois." "Reprinted from Transactions American Mathematical Society, vol. XXIV, no. 3, October, 1922." Also available on the Internet.

No description available.

No description available.

The objective of this dissertation is to identify both individual and contextual characteristics that may affect the wage earnings of Chinese in the U.S. labor market. The major individual characteristics include education, labor experience, and English ability; the contextual factors include percent of Chinese Americans, percent of Asian Americans, percent of nonwhites, percent of Chinese-owned businesses, occupational and residential segregation between Chinese and whites, and unemployment rate. Using the combined data of one percent and five percent 2000 Public Use Microdata Samples for 70 metropolitan areas, hierarchical linear models (HLM) were run for three groups of Chinese: native-born, foreign-born U.S. citizens, and foreignborn non-U.S. citizens. The results show that the returns to education are highest for the native-borns but lowest for the non-U.S. citizens. A command of good English benefits recent immigrants more than the native-borns. Labor experience tends to bring positive gains to both native-born and foreign-born U.S. citizens but shows no effects on earnings of foreign-born non-U.S. citizens. The results support both the human capital and assimilation perspectives. The HLM results indicate that occupational segregation from majority whites tends to impose a strong and negative effect on the earnings of native-born Chinese; a higher percentage of Chinese-owned businesses tends to increase the earnings of only foreign-born U.S. citizens; unemployment rate is likely to depress the wage earnings of the foreign-borns but not the native-borns. This suggests that Chinese workers with a different immigration history face the labor market differently. Residential segregation, percent of Chinese Americans, percent of Asian Americans, and percent of nonwhites, do not show any direct effects. Occupational segregation, the percent of Chinese-owned businesses, and the representation of the Chinese population are found to impact earnings indirectly through the individual characteristics. All these findings suggest that contextual factors do not necessarily impose direct effects on wage earnings; however, they may transfer their effects onto earnings via individual characteristics. This study represents an attempt to bring new insights into earnings attainment models and an addition to the meager body of knowledge concerning both individual and contextual factors that may affect the earnings process of a minority group in the United States. The strengths of using the HLM techniques, the limitations of the study, as well as issues for future study, were also discussed.

Academisch proefschrift--Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam. / "Stellingen": [2] p. laid in. Bibliography: p. 20-21.

Epitope tagging in metazoans is an important tool for biochemical analyses and is generally accomplished by using trans-genes with in-frame epitope tags. However, protein levels from trans-genes are rarely representative of native levels. To overcome the shortcomings using trans-genes, epitope tags were introduced by homologous recombination technology, termed CLEP tagging (Chromosomal Locus EPitope tagging), immediately upstream of the stop codon of targeted genes in chicken B cell line DT40 and mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells. I first demonstrated the feasibility and promise of this technique in DT40 cells by purifying low abundance polypeptides and factors loosely associated with the SmD3 protein, a core protein participating in pre-mRNA splicing and mRNA turnover, with a TAP (tandem affinity purification) tag. Glycerol gradient separation was performed to further characterize the SmD3-associated protein complexes from the 200S fractions, corresponding to the supraspliceosomes. The purification included all five spliceosomal snRNAs. Most known snRNP-associated proteins, 5' end binding factors, 3' end processing factors, mRNA export factors, hnRNPs, and other RNA binding proteins were identified from the protein components. Intriguingly, the purified supraspliceosomes also contained a number of structural proteins, nucleoporins, chromatin remodeling factors, and several novel proteins that were absent from splicing complexes assembled in vitro. I showed that the in vivo analyses provide a more comprehensive list of polypeptides associated with pre-mRNA splicing apparatus as well as those that coupled transcription to the pre-mRNA processing steps. With similar techniques, the TAP tag was inserted into the chromosomal locus of a pre-mRNA splicing factor component, mSART-1 in live mice. Surprisingly, a profound autoimmune response was induced in homozygous-modified mice, due likely to an inappropriate stimulation of the immune system. I believe these mice will serve as a valuable tool for the studies of mammalian autoimmune diseases, especially those resulting from the generation of autoantibodies against RNP components. / text