International organisations such as the World Health Organisation highlight the road crash problem in less motorised (or developing, or low income) countries like those in Southeast Asia and recommend the adoption of Western road safety measures. However, there are many differences between highly motorised and less motorised countries which raise questions about how successfully Western road safety knowledge and expertise can be transferred.----- A review of the statistical information on road crashes shows a great deal of uncertainty about both the scale and likely trajectory of road fatalities globally, in less motorised countries and in Asia. It is generally agreed, however, that Asia accounts for around half of all road fatalities, and analysis of the limited available data shows both that Southeast Asia is not an atypical region of Asia in road safety terms, and that Thailand and Vietnam are not atypical of Southeast Asian countries.----- A literature review of recommended practice approaches to road safety transfer in Asia shows that there are many economic, institutional, social and cultural factors which potentially influence the success of transfer. The review also shows that there is no coherent, comprehensive approach which either conceptualises these factors and their relationship to transfer outcomes, or uses an analysis of these factors to plan or modify transfer. To address this gap, this thesis develops a 'road safety space' model as a tool for conceptualisation and analysis, based on a biological metaphor which views the transfer of road safety measures from one context to another as analogous to the transfer of a species into a new ecological space. The road safety space model explicitly considers economic, institutional, social and cultural factors (from specific to broad) which influence the particular road safety issue which a particular road safety transfer effort seeks to address. A central contention of this thesis is that the road safety space model is both a feasible and useful tool to improve the process of road safety transfer to less motorised countries. Road safety space analysis is seen to have a role in a broader process of selection of road safety measures for transfer, along with knowledge of how the measures are considered to operate.----- The research reported in this thesis is comprised of three studies. Study 1 reviewed evaluations of road safety transfer to Thailand and Vietnam. Studies 2 and 3 were case studies of road safety transfer to Thailand and Vietnam respectively.----- Study 1 was an analysis of existing evaluations of road safety transfer to Thailand and Vietnam. The aims were to analyse the evaluations for their consideration of contextual factors, as described in the road safety space model, and to discuss whether the road safety space model assisted in understanding the reasons for success or failure of transfer. However, very few such evaluations exist, and those that were found generally lacked information on whether contextual factors were considered. This indicated the need for a more detailed, in-depth qualitative investigation of particular cases of road safety transfer, in order to investigate the feasibility and utility of the road safety space model.----- Two case studies (Study 2 and Study 3) were conducted to test whether the road safety space approach was both feasible and useful as a means of improving road safety transfer efforts. Study 2 was a case study of the development and implementation in Thailand of a road safety education program for school children, which involved the transfer of Western research and techniques. The transfer agents (i.e. those who effected the road safety transfer) were Australian consultants working for the Australian Road Research Board (ARRB). The transfer was funded by the World Bank and managed by the Thai Ministry of Education (MOE). Study 3 was a case study of the development and implementation of a motorcycle helmet wearing program in Vietnam, which involved the transfer of Western knowledge, techniques and technology. The transfer agents were staff of Asia Injury (AI), a non-government organisation (NGO), and the program was funded initially by a charitable fund, with the intention of becoming self-funding through operation of a helmet factory.----- The case studies employed background research into existing information on economic, institutional, social and cultural factors relevant to the road safety issues (road use behaviour of school children in Thailand and motorcycle helmet purchase and wearing in Vietnam), and collected data through interviews with key informants, analysis of secondary sources and observations. This information was used to derive the road safety space for each road safety issue, to identify the road safety space recognised and addressed by the transfer agents (ARRB and AI), and to determine which factors they missed, or were aware of but took no action on. The focus of this analysis was on the processes used in transfer, not on the road safety outcomes of transfer, although these provided information on the processes as well. Available evaluation information was used to draw links between the omissions and the success of the transfer processes. It was noted that information on how the transferred measures operate should come from a road safety space analysis in the originating country, although this raised questions about selection of country and time (when the measure was first introduced, or in its maturity).----- The feasibility and utility of the road safety space model were discussed. It was clear that the model provided information on the cases which was missed by the transfer agents. The questions examined next were whether this information could have been obtained from an exercise conducted before the transfer had commenced, whether the required effort and cost justified the potential benefits, and whether the information on the road safety space could have been useful for the transfer agents. Comparisons between the road safety spaces for the two cases showed some areas of commonality, e.g. perceptions of police corruption, but also many differences. It was considered likely that some broad factors could be generic, and the possibility was mooted that less motorised countries share issues with police enforcement. This requires further research, however, and at this stage it is better to treat each road safety space as a unique combination of contextual factors influencing the road safety issue of interest.----- It is concluded that the road safety space model is feasible if used in such a way as to minimise the research involved, and useful, although the degree of utility needs to be further explored in a prospective study. The limitation introduced by restricting informants to those who could speak English are discussed. An approach using road safety space analysis is recommended, emphasising analysis of the country to which the road safety measure is being transferred, supplemented by analysis of the originating country road safety space. Gaps in knowledge are identified for further research and development, in particular the theoretical and practical understanding of road use behaviours and their modification in less motorised countries in Southeast Asia. Elaboration of the model is also recommended, to take into account the influence of the type of measure transferred, the role of the transfer agent, the area of road safety (education, engineering or enforcement), and the time dimension (the time which might be needed for a transfer to show its effects).----- The findings of this research are likely to be applicable to road safety transfer in other less motorised regions of the world, however prospective testing is needed. They may also be relevant to issues of transfer for areas other than road safety, in particular public health and traffic engineering, where similar economic, institutional, social and cultural issues come together.

Dissertação apresentada a Coordenação dos Programas de Pós-Graduação de Engenharia da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro para a obtenção do grau de Mestre em Ciências em Planejamento Energético. / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Coordenação dos Programas de Pós-Graduação de Engenharia, Rio de Janeiro, 2006. / Bibliografia: p.124-141 / Esta dissertação tem como principal objetivo analisar a viabilidade econômica da substituição dos sistemas convencionais de aquecimento de água por sistemas solares no setor hoteleiro, especificamente, em resorts, que possuem características de operação e consumo peculiares devido à grande diversidade de serviços oferecidos. Como a eficiência dos sistemas solares depende, dentre outros fatores, do grau de insolação e radiação solar da região em que vão ser implantados, escolheu-se a região Nordeste do Brasil devido às suas condições climáticas favoráveis. Os resorts têm grande preocupação com questões ambientais e um forte apelo ecológico, o que facilitaria a penetração de uma fonte de energia renovável, como a solar. / This dissertation aims at evaluating the economical viability of conventional water heating systems’ substitution by solar systems in hotels, particularly in resorts, whose operational and energetic characteristics show huge diversity of services. As the solar systems’ efficiency depends, among other factors, on the insolation degree and solar radiation at the installation local, the Brazilian Northeast region was chosen due to its favorable climate conditions. Resorts have a great concern about environment issues that would facilitate the penetration of a renewable energy source, such as the solar energy. It was researched the technology’s state of art and its installed capacity worldwide; a description of Brazilian hotels was made and it was evaluated the impact of the substitution of conventional water heating systems by the solar one in the sector energy consumption, through the savings perceived by the hotel during 20 years. An analysis to verify the results’ sensibility to some variables was also made and the final results confirm the project viability.

Submitted by Flavia Hennessey (flavia.hennessey2012@gvmail.br) on 2014-09-29T16:56:46Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Hennessey, Flavia - MPGI Thesis 2014.pdf: 1257612 bytes, checksum: 21e4c1ba5aa5f01e696e07c42f04ca51 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luana Rodrigues (luana.rodrigues@fgv.br) on 2014-09-29T18:27:14Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Hennessey, Flavia - MPGI Thesis 2014.pdf: 1257612 bytes, checksum: 21e4c1ba5aa5f01e696e07c42f04ca51 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-09-29T18:30:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Hennessey, Flavia - MPGI Thesis 2014.pdf: 1257612 bytes, checksum: 21e4c1ba5aa5f01e696e07c42f04ca51 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-09-19 / The Inter-American Development Bank, the World Bank, and other organizations conceive, design, and fund projects to foster development in the Latin America and Caribbean. Prior to the late 1980s, several of the projects and policies of these institutions lacked serious gender considerations and were criticized for this oversight (Flora, 1998). In 1987, the IDB published its Operating Policy on Women in Development and has since made efforts to institutionalize gender and to create indicators to measure gender impacts in its projects. The aim of this dissertation is to explore gender in the context of international development by looking at how the Inter- American Development Bank is including gender in its operations. After a literature review on the importance of gender and of development banks, this paper will explore the ways through which gender is included in IDB operations at an institutional level. The research will be based on documentation available to the public, internal documents and video interviews with staff members. After a thorough analysis of all data collected, recommendations on future action will be provided. / O Banco Interamericano de Desenvolvimento, o Banco Mundial, e outras organizações financiam iniciativas para acelerar o desenvolvimento da região da América Latina e Caribe. Antes do final da década de 80, vários projetos e políticas dessas instituições careciam de considerações ligadas à gênero e foram criticadas por essa falta (Flora, 1998). Em 1987, o BID publicou um documento sobre uma nova política operacional sobre mulheres e desenvolvimento e vem desde então buscando institucionalizar gênero e criar indicadores para medir os impactos relacionados à gênero em seus projetos. O objetivo dessa dissertação é explorar o tema de gênero no contexto do desenvolvimento internacional através de uma análise de como o Banco Interamericano de Desenvolvimento inclui gênero em suas operações. Após uma revisão literária sobre a importância de gênero e de bancos de desenvolvimento, essa dissertação irá analisar de que maneira gênero é incluído nas discussões dos projetos do Banco à nível institucional. A pesquisa será feita através de documentação disponível para o público geral, documentos internos e entrevistas em vídeo com pessoal do BID. Após uma análise dos dados coletados, recomendações para ações futuras serão dadas.

Bibliografia: p. 28-30. / TCCP (especialização em Direito de Empresas) - Pontifícia Universidade Católica. Departamento de Direito, Rio de Janeiro, 2013 .

Nas últimas décadas, o tema "meio ambiente" tem se tornado alvo cada vez maior de discussão, dado a grande dependência, em escala mundial, da energia gerada por combustíveis fósseis, os quais são finitos. Dessa forma, buscam-se alternativas à geração de energia hoje predominante focadas na sustentabilidade e na utilização de fontes limpas e renováveis. Nesse contexto, o estímulo ao uso de fontes de energia renováveis tem crescido não só no Brasil como no exterior. Dentre as diversas possibilidades temos, a energia eólica que, dado o estágio atual de maturidade de sua indústria, a diminuição dos preços dos aerogeradores à medida que a tecnologia evolui e os incentivos dados pelo governo federal à construção de usinas eólicas, tem aumentado ano a ano sua participação na matriz energética brasileira, atualmente em 1,78%, com perspectiva de chegar aproximadamente em 9% até 2021, segundo dados da ANEEL e da ABEEólica (Associação Brasileira de Energia Eólica). Além disso, é mister ressaltar que a utilização em larga escala da matriz eólica para a produção de energia elétrica tem o objetivo de diminuir a dependência da produção de energia por meio de combustíveis fósseis, os quais não são renováveis e são extremamente poluentes. Assim, tendo em vista o aumento da competitividade da geração de energia eólica no Brasil nos últimos anos, objetiva-se, por meio da presente monografia, analisar inicialmente a atual indústria de geração de energia elétrica sob o novo marco regulatório e, em seguida, a especificidade da indústria de geração de energia eólica, a potencialidade de geração de energia eólica no Brasil, a regulação específica incidente sobre tal geração de energia, em consonância com o novo marco regulatório do setor elétrico e os incentivos para sua produção no Brasil. / MBA Executivo (especialização em Administração) - Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Instituto de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa em Administração, Rio de Janeiro, 2013. / Bibliografia: p. [22-25]

This paper analyzes the relevance of having an environment that encourages critical reflection in a way to enhance organizational learning capacity. It focuses particularly on the organization's ability to deal with organizational cross-cutting issues (human resources, information technology, innovation, etc.) on a state-owned enterprise, the Development Bank, in Brazil. Although the bank has a culture of collegiate decisions, it´s possible to say that this feature is not enough to have an authentic and public reflection environment due to the power relations influence in the organization's ability to reflect, innovate and learn. / Dissertação (mestrado) - Lancaster University, Reino Unido, 2015. / Bibliografia: p. 67-69.

Submitted by Luciana Sebin (lusebin@ufscar.br) on 2016-09-21T12:18:35Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DissCJ.pdf: 7358878 bytes, checksum: d5c140e165f70c0953ba0b38474b9bbe (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marina Freitas (marinapf@ufscar.br) on 2016-09-23T18:20:24Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissCJ.pdf: 7358878 bytes, checksum: d5c140e165f70c0953ba0b38474b9bbe (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marina Freitas (marinapf@ufscar.br) on 2016-09-23T18:20:27Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissCJ.pdf: 7358878 bytes, checksum: d5c140e165f70c0953ba0b38474b9bbe (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-23T18:20:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DissCJ.pdf: 7358878 bytes, checksum: d5c140e165f70c0953ba0b38474b9bbe (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-06-11 / Não recebi financiamento / Since 1998 it has increased the number of Community Development Banks, there are currently more than 100 operating in the country. They are a recent phenomenon and there are few studies on the cumulative impacts of this initiative in its service territory. In addition is relevant to quote the coordination and community mobilization, promotion of social currency, cultural activities, environment, health and education. These banks work with credit services, most of the time with productive credit lines and consumption, some banks proffer housing credit for renovation, expansion and even production of new housing with the self technical advice. This dissertation will examine in particular the relationship of housing production through the housing microfinance promoting by Banco Bem, Vitória -ES, and the development of its territory, with the guiding hypothesis that the Community Development Banks, in particular the Banco Bem, promote Territorial Development with its housing microcredit and free technical advice to the self, allowing housing improvements, fostering trade in materials and services in the chain of housing production and through community organization and mobilization due to the Local Development Forum. Thus is an initiative more suited to the reality of substandard clusters and potential guideline / model for Public Policy Housing in these territories. In this context, the research aims to examine the relationship between the Housing Credit via Community Development Bank, housing production, technical advice for self, Territorial Development and its dialogues with the Public Policy. / Desde de 1998 vem crescendo o número de Bancos Comunitários de Desenvolvimento, atualmente existem mais de 100 atuando no território nacional, são um fenômeno recente e existem poucos estudos acumulados sobre os impactos desta iniciativa em seu território de atuação. Além de articulação e mobilização comunitária, fomento de moedas sociais, ações de cultura, meio ambiente, saúde e educação, estes bancos trabalham com serviços de crédito, na maioria das vezes com as linhas de crédito produtivos e consumo, alguns bancos ofertam o crédito habitacional para reforma, ampliação e até produção de novas habitações com assessoramento técnico a autoconstrução. O presente trabalho analisará em específico as relações da produção habitacional por meio do microcrédito habitacional do Banco Bem, de Vitória-ES, e o desenvolvimento do seu território, com a hipótese norteadora de que os Bancos Comunitários de Desenvolvimento, em particular o Banco Bem, promovem o Desenvolvimento Territorial com seus microcréditos habitacionais e assessoria técnica gratuita à autoconstrução, viabilizando melhorias habitacionais, fomentando o comércio de materiais e serviços na cadeia da produção da habitação e por meio da organização e mobilização comunitária decorrente do Fórum de Desenvolvimento Local, sendo uma iniciativa mais adequada a realidade dos aglomerados subnormais e potencial diretriz/modelo para Política Pública Habitacional nesses territórios. Neste contexto a pesquisa tem como objetivo examinar as relações existentes entre o Crédito Habitacional via Banco Comunitário de Desenvolvimento, produção de habitação, assessoria técnica para autoconstrução, Desenvolvimento Territorial e seus diálogos com as Políticas Públicas.

Submitted by Eliene Soares da Silva (eliene.silva@fgv.br) on 2018-07-16T15:03:49Z No. of bitstreams: 1 VictoriaVillela_TCC_MPGI_Final.pdf: 954658 bytes, checksum: c46e866e35165ffdf48ba30a7d8f8555 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Pamela Beltran Tonsa (pamela.tonsa@fgv.br) on 2018-07-16T17:53:39Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 VictoriaVillela_TCC_MPGI_Final.pdf: 954658 bytes, checksum: c46e866e35165ffdf48ba30a7d8f8555 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Suzane Guimarães (suzane.guimaraes@fgv.br) on 2018-07-17T12:32:41Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 VictoriaVillela_TCC_MPGI_Final.pdf: 954658 bytes, checksum: c46e866e35165ffdf48ba30a7d8f8555 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-17T12:32:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 VictoriaVillela_TCC_MPGI_Final.pdf: 954658 bytes, checksum: c46e866e35165ffdf48ba30a7d8f8555 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-07 / This thesis compares the stand-alone safeguard policies for indigenous peoples provided by the World Bank, the Asian Development Bank and the Inter-American Development Bank, in order to propose an indigenous peoples policy for the African Development Bank. It starts by exposing which are indigenous peoples’ rights and how different authors perceive the main document that protects such rights – the United Nations Declarations on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples. Subsequently, it discusses which is the role of Multilateral Development Bank in terms of protecting human rights, in order to understand, through a legal point of view, how the responsibilities of such institutions are regarded. Later, the indigenous peoples safeguard policies applied by the 3 above mentioned Banks are compared within them, in order to analyze each of the topics provided by the documents and understand their similarities and differences. The inputs provided by the interviewees are highly constructive to understand some of the weaknesses incorporated not only in the policies, but in some of the Banks’ mechanisms and processes. Some of the weaknesses in the safeguards compliance and the gaps between the written policies and their implementation are also exposed. Finally, this thesis develops a proposal for a standalone indigenous peoples policy for the African Development Bank. / Essa tese compara as políticas de salvaguarda independentes para povos indígenas estabelecidas pelo Banco Mundial, Banco Asiático de Desenvolvimento e Banco Interamericano de Desenvolvimento, a fim de sugerir uma política dedicada aos povos indígenas para o Banco Africano de Desenvolvimento. Inicialmente, são expostos quais são os direitos dos povos indígenas e como diferentes autores interpretam o principal documento que protege tais direitos - a Declaração das Nações Unidas sobre os Direitos dos Povos Indígenas. Posteriormente, discute qual é o papel dos Banco Multilaterais de Desenvolvimento em termos de proteção aos direitos humanos, a fim de entender, de um ponto de vista legal, como são consideradas as responsabilidades de tais instituições. Em seguida, as políticas de salvaguardas dos povos indígenas aplicadas pelos 3 Bancos citados acima são comparadas entre si, a fim de analisar cada um dos tópicos fornecidos pelos documentos e entender suas semelhanças e diferenças. As contribuições fornecidas pelos entrevistados são valiosas para entender algumas das fraquezas incorporadas não apenas nas políticas, mas em alguns mecanismos e processos dos Bancos. Alguns problemas no cumprimento das salvaguardas e as lacunas entre as políticas escritas e sua implementação também estão expostas. Finalmente, uma sugestão para uma política independente de povos indígenas para o Banco Africano de Desenvolvimento é desenvolvida.

The objective of the master´s thesis „Small business support in the Czech republic“ is to carry out analysis of current system of Small business based on a created scope of knowledge necessary for orientation in the respective topic, find deficiencies and suggest innovations. The first part is focused on history, on small and medium enterprise terms definition and the evolution of small business in the Czech Republic in the years 2000 - 2007. The second part is attended to analysis of particular support programs and pointed out on its benefits and disadvantages. In the following part was done the interview, which was intended to find out small and medium-sized entrepreneurs opinion on present situation in entrepreneurial subjects support system. I compared the results with interview investigation carried out in 2006. Final part contains suggestions and recommendations, which could lead to improvement in small entrepreneurs supporting in the Czech Republic.

L’Organisation de la Coopération Islamique (OCI) créée en 1969 suite à l’incendie de la mosquée Al-Aqsa, représente la voix du monde musulman. C’est la deuxième organisation intergouvernementale après l’ONU regroupant cinquante-sept Etats membres aux quatre coins du monde.Un Programme d’Action Décennal (PAD) a été adopté lors du 3ème Sommet islamique extraordinaire réuni en 2005. Le PAD vise une nouvelle vision pour le monde musulman : « la solidarité dans l’action ».Cette thèse étudie l’évolution du rôle de l’OCI pour relever les défis politiques, économiques, sociaux et culturels qui surgissent sur la scène internationale et affectent la communauté musulmane. Elle met l’accent sur les points réalisés du PAD et les entraves de l’OCI à établir l’unité de l’Oummah islamique. / The Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) has been established in 1969, following the fire of the Al-Aqsa mosque. This organization represents the voice of the Islamic world and it is considered according to its membership, the second intergovernmental organization after the UNO. OIC includes fifty seven member states coming from all over the World.A Ten-year Program of Action (TYPOA) has been adopted in 2005 during the third extraordinary Islamic Summit, aiming at establishing a new vision for the Islamic World called: « Solidarity into action ».This thesis discusses the evolution of the role of the OIC relating international challenges of political, economic, social and cultural nature that the Islamic communities have to face. The thesis points out the matters that have been achieved through the TYPOA and the obstacles that the OIC faced regarding the necessity to unify the Islamic Ummah.