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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Transformations des structures agricoles de production en Roumanie : quelles politiques publiques d'accompagnement ? / Transformation of the farm structures in Romania, and evaluation of the supportive public policies / Transformarea a structurilor agricole de productie : ce fel de politice de sutinere ?

Ghib, Marie Luce 11 July 2011 (has links)
La thèse présentée s'inscrit dans le contexte de l'adhésion de la Roumanie à l'UE et plus largement fait le point sur la seconde décennie post-communiste (2000-2010) de l'évolution des structures agricoles de production roumaines. Dans ce contexte se pose la question des principaux facteurs d'évolution des structures et du rôle des politiques publiques d'accompagnement. Tout d'abord, le cadre théorique s'appuyant sur l'économie du développement et l'économie institutionnaliste historique est construit. Il permet d'analyser dans une première partie l'encastrement social du secteur agricole roumain, après avoir défini et caractérisé ce qui était appelé « structures agricoles de production ». Le rôle d'amortisseur social de l'activité agricole se poursuit ainsi sur la période étudiée, même si d'autres formes de régulation sont apparues (émigration nationale et internationale). On fait ensuite le constat des évolutions apparues en croisant différentes bases de données. On observe ainsi une diminution des plus petites unités au bénéfice d'exploitations moyennes. Les plus grandes entités ont elles aussi connu des diminutions de nombre et de taille, que l'on attribuera à la fin des privatisations et restitutions. La thèse tente d'identifier par la suite lesfacteurs de ces évolutions (survie et croissance) à l'aide d'un modèle économétrique en deux étapes.Enfin, une évaluation de politiques est menée sur une série de mesures identifiées pour avoir un objectif de restructuration. Il apparaît de manière globale que l' objectif intermédiaire d'absorption des fonds est privilégié à un objectif final de la politique qui est la pénétration en milieu rural de ces leviers d'action. Ainsi, si le soutien aux exploitations moyennes paraît pertinent, des limitations apparaissent dans la mise en oeuvre. Enfin la réorientation de la population agricole ne se fera pas seulement par les mesures étudiées, sous-budgétées ou dont les effets sont surestimés / This thesis deals with the context of the accession of Romania to the EU and more widely with thesecond post-communist decade (2000-2010) in which we analyse the evolution of Romanian agricultural structures. In this context, the question of the main factors of structural changes arised as well as the role of supportive public policies. Firstly, the theoretical framework based on development economics and historical institutional economics is built. It then enables in a first partthe analysis of the embeddedness of Romanian agricultural sector within its social context. In thispart, we are also define and characterize so called “agricultural production structures”. The role of agriculture as a social buffer is also observed over the period studied, in addition to other forms of regulation which have emerged (national and international migrations). Structural evolutions arethen analysed using different databases. We observed a decrease in smaller units for the benefit of the average farms. Larger farms have also known a decrease in number and in size, which we attribute to restitution and to the end of privatization. The thesis attempts to identify the factors of these evolutions (survival and growth) using an econometric model in two stages. For that purposewe are also compare the evolution of Romanian structures to those of other European countries including Hungary and Slovenia. Finally, a policy evaluation is conducted on a series of measures identified to have restructuring goal. It appears that in general the absorption of funds, the intermediate target, is prefered to rural penetration of these levers, which is the final objective of thepolicy. Thus, while support for average farms seems relevant somes limitations appear in the implementation. Finally, the reorientation of the agricultural population will not be achieved onlyby the measures studied, for they are under-budgeted or because their effects are over-estimated / Teza susţinută se deruleaza în contextul aderării României la UE, şi pe scară mai largă teza analizeaza evoluţia structurilor de producţie agricola românesti pe al doilea deceniu post-comunist(2000-2010). În acest context, se pune problema pe principalii factori de schimbare structurală şirolul politicilor publice de susţinere. In primul rând, un cadru teoretic bazat pe economie dedezvoltare şi economie istorica instituţională este construit. Multumita acestui cadru se poateanaliza într-o primă parte, sectorul agricol românesc cuprins in sfera sociala, după definirea şi caracterizarea a ceea ce sa numit "structurile agricole de producţie”. Rolul de amortizor social aagriculturii se mai observa în perioada studiată, cu toate că alte forme de regulare au apărut(emigraţia naţionala şi internaţionala). Se face apoi observarea evoluţiilor folosind diferite baze dedate. Şi se observă o reducere în unităţi mai mici în beneficiul fermelor medii. Entităţile mai mari,de asemenea, cunosc o micşorare negativa în număr şi mărime, pe care le atribuim la sfârşitul procesului de privatizare şi de restituire. Teza încearcă să identifice apoi aceşti factori (de supravieţuire şi de creştere), utilizând un model econometric în două etape. Comparam evoluţia structurilor româneşti, cu cele din alte ţări europene, inclusiv Ungaria şi Slovenia. În ultima parte, oevaluarea politică se desfăşoară pe o serie de măsuri identificate pentru a avea un obiectiv de restructurare. Se pare că, în general, absorbţia fondurilor, obiectivul intermediar, este privilegiata laprenetratie in mediu rural din aceste pârghii, obiectivul final al politicii. Astfel, în timp ce sprijinulpentru fermele medii pare relevant apar niste limitarii în punerea în aplicare. In sfirsit, reorientarea populaţiei agricole va avea loc nu numai prin măsurile studiate, care sunt sub-bugetate sau ale cărorefecte sunt supra-estimate

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