Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2017-09-05T20:11:17Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Fernanda Marques Peixoto.pdf: 14003225 bytes, checksum: 89c95a9ad22b1e74cdf2bda273665230 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-05T20:11:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Fernanda Marques Peixoto.pdf: 14003225 bytes, checksum: 89c95a9ad22b1e74cdf2bda273665230 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-08 / A lot of interest in the consumption of anthocyanins increased after the association of their intake and reduced risk of chronic diseases. Despite of in vitro evidences of anthocyanins benefits to health, there is still a gap in the knowledge of the mechanisms of absorption of anthocyanins by the human body. It is known that concentration of food anthocyanins doesn't reflect the amount of these compounds which are absorbed, metabolized, distributed and biologically active in humans. Some in vitro models have been developed to evaluate the steps of cell release and transport ( uptake) of these compounds from food. The objective of this study was to evaluate the in vitro absorption of food anthocyanins using the in vitro digestion followed by uptake and transport in Caco-2 human intestinal cell line and MKN-28 human gastric cell line. Initially, anthocyanins bioaccessibility of diverse fruits was evaluated in order to select the better sources for transport assays. The bioaccessibility assays were performed using an in vitro digestion model, which mimics the human oral, gastric and intestinal stages. Quantification and characterization of anthocyanins profile were performed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with Thermo Scientific? C1s 2.4 (4.6 x 10mm) column. After selection of the most promising fruits, the bioaccessibility tests were followed by transport assays. To assess gastric absorption, the product from gastric digestion was applied on the MKN-28 cell monolayer, which was obtained after 7 days of culture of 2.5 x 10^5 MKN-28 cells seeded in RPMI culture media in transwell? plates. The permeate was collected after 30, 60, 120 andl80 minutes oftransport. For evaluation of intestinal absorption after digestion, the digesta from the intestinal phase was applied on the Caco-2 cell monolayer, which was obtained after 21 days of culture of 2.5 x 105 Caco-2 cells seeded in DMEM culture media in TRANSWELL? plates. The permeate was collected after 30, 60 and 120 minutes of transport. All analyses were made by forming CLUE / photodiode array detector (Thermo? Scientific) at 520nm. Peel powder from jabuticaba, jambo and Jamel?o were the most promising sources. The bioaccessibility of anthocyanins after gastric digestion was 13% for jabuticaba, 45 % for jambo and 65 % for jamel?o. In addition, the intestinal bioaccessibility was 1 O % for jabuticaba, 15 % for jambo and 45 % for jamel?o. The transport assay with the MKN-28 gastric cell line, revealed 19.7%, 9.7 % and 14.1 % of transport efficiency, respectively, for jambo, jabuticaba and jamel?o digestion products. While Caco-2 intestinal cell model showed 0.8 %, 0.2 % and 0.3 % oftransport efficiency, respectively, for jambo, jabuticaba and jamel?o. These results suggest food anthocyanins are preferentially absorbed by the human gastric mucosa and to a lesser extent by the human intestinal epithelium. / O interesse pelo consumo das antocianinas aumentou ap?s o surgimento da rela??o entre o seu consumo e a redu??o do risco de doen?as cr?nicas. Apesar das evid?ncias in vitro quanto a esses beneficios ? sa?de, ainda h? uma lacuna que permanece sob investiga??o: o mecanismo de absor??o das antocianinas pelo organismo humano. Sabe-se que a quantidade desses compostos, nos alimentos, n?o reflete a quantidade absorvida, metabolizada, distribu?da e biologicamente ativa em humanos. Alguns modelos in vitro t?m sido desenvolvidos para avaliar as etapas de digest?o e transporte celular (absor??o) de compostos dos alimentos. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o transporte in vitro de antocianinas em alimentos utilizando modelos de digest?o in vitro seguido do transporte em c?lulas intestinais Caco-2 e c?lulas g?stricas MKN-28. Na 1? etapa, oito frutos foram analisados quanto aos valores de bioacessibilidade (BCSS) fornecidos pelas antocianinas presentes, para posterior sele??o para os ensaios de transporte. Os ensaios de BCSS foram realizados com um modelo de digest?o in vitro, para simula??o das fases oral, g?strica e intestinal humana. A quantifica??o e determina??o do perfil de antocianinas foram realizadas por Cromatografia l?quida de alta efici?ncia (CLAE), com coluna Thermo? Scientific C1s 2,4 (4,6 x 100mm). Na 2? etapa, realizou-se os ensaios de BCSS, anteriormente aos ensaios de transporte, nos frutos potencialmente mais promissores. Para a avalia??o do transporte g?strico, na sequ?ncia, o digerido g?strico foi aplicado sobre a monocamada de c?lulas MKN-28, com 2,5 x 10^5 c?lulas, em meio RPMI, em placa transwell? e, ap?s 7 dias de cultivo, o permeado foi coletado nos tempos 30, 60, 120, 180 minutos. Para o transporte intestinal, sequencial, o digerido intestinal foi aplicado sobre a monocamada celular Caco-2, com 2,5 x 105 c?lulas, em meio DMEM, em placas transwell? e, ap?s 21 dias de cultivo, o permeado foi coletado nos tempos 30, 60 e 120 minutos de transporte. Todas as an?lises foram realizadas por CLUE/detector de arranjo fotodiodo (Thermo? Scientific), a 520 nm. Os p?s da casca da jabuticaba, jambo e jamel?o foram as matrizes mais promissoras. A BCSS das antocianinas, ap?s a digest?o g?strica, foi de 13 % parajabuticaba, 45 % parajambo e 65 % parajamel?o, enquanto a BCSS intestinal foi de 10% para jabuticaba, 15 % para jambo e 45 % para jamel?o. Os ensaios de transporte (ET) com os modelos de c?lula MKN-28 resultaram em 19,7; 9,7 e 14,1 % de ET, respectivamente, para os p?s do jambo, jabuticaba, e jamel?o, enquanto que o modelo Caco-2, resultaram em 0,8, 0,2 e 0,3 % de ET, respectivamente. Estes resultados sugerem que as antocianinas s?o preferencialmente absorvidas pela mucosa g?strica.

Cryptography is the art of protecting information by encrypting the original message into an unreadable format. A cryptographic hash function is a hash function which takes an arbitrary length of the text message as input and converts that text into a fixed length of encrypted characters which is infeasible to invert. The values returned by the hash function are called as the message digest or simply hash values. Because of its versatility, hash functions are used in many applications such as message authentication, digital signatures, and password hashing [Thomsen and Knudsen, 2005]. The purpose of this study is to apply Huffman data compression algorithm to the SHA-1 hash function in cryptography. Huffman data compression algorithm is an optimal compression or prefix algorithm where the frequencies of the letters are used to compress the data [Huffman, 1952]. An integrated approach is applied to achieve new compressed hash function by integrating Huffman compressed codes in the core functionality of hashing computation of the original hash function.

H αναερόβια χώνευση είναι η βιολογική διεργασία κατά την οποία παράγεται βιοαέριο (CH4 και CO2) από οργανική ύλη με τη συνδυασμένη δράση μεικτού πληθυσμού μικροοργανισμών, απουσία μοριακού οξυγόνου. Η διεργασία της αναερόβιας χώνευσης είναι μια από τις πιο διαδεδομένες μεθόδους χώνευσης υλύος και εφαρμόζεται κυρίως στην επεξεργασία αποβλήτων με υψηλό οργανικό φορτίο, με σκοπό την παραγωγή βιοαερίου, με ταυτόχρονη παραγωγή ενέργειας καθώς και στην παραγωγή ενέργειας από φυτική βιομάζα ή από στερεά οικιακά απορρίματα. Το πιο σημαντικό πρόβλημα που αντιμετωπίζεται σε μονάδες παραγωγής ενέργειας είναι η μεγιστοποίηση του ρυθμού παραγωγής βιοαερίου για τη χρήση του. Στην παρούσα εργασία μελετήθηκε ένα σύστημα ρύθμισης μεσόφιλου ( 35-37 oC) αναερόβιου χωνευτήρα τύπου CSTR χωρητικότητος τριών λίτρων, ο οποίος εμβολιάστηκε με αναερόβια βιομάζα μεικτής καλλιέργειας μικροοργανισμών από βιολογική μονάδα επεξεργασίας αστικών λυμάτων. Η τροφοδοσία ήταν ένα συνθετικό και αποστειρωμένο διάλυμα οξικού οξέος. Ως αποτέλεσμα, μετά από κάποιο χρονικό διάστημα επικρατεί καλλιέργεια ακετοκλαστικών μεθανογόνων μικροοργανισμών. Με βάση τη συμπεριφορά του αντιδραστήρα για διαφορετική οργανική φόρτιση, αναπτύχθηκε ένα απλοποιημένο μοντέλο δύο μεταβλητών, της βιομάζας και του περιοριστικού υποστρώματος, κατάλληλο για αυτόματη ρύθμιση, το οποίο χρησιμοποιήθηκε στη συνέχεια για τον προσδιορισμό του βέλτιστου χρόνου παραμονής και για την ανάπτυξη ρυθμιστικού αλγορίθμου. Οι κινητικοί παράμετροι του μαθηματικού μοντέλου εκτιμήθηκαν μέσω συλλογής πειραματικών δεδομένων από την διάταξη του αναερόβιου χωνευτήρα. Για τη σταθεροποίηση του συστήματος της αναερόβιας χώνευσης, αναπτύχθηκε ένας αναλογικός νόμος ανάδρασης εξόδου, ο οποίος σταθεροποιεί τη διεργασία σε μία μεγάλη περιοχή γύρω από τη βέλτιστη μόνιμη κατάσταση, όπου η βιομάζα δεν οδηγείται σε έκπλυση. Τέλος, οι προσομοιώσεις και τα πειραματικά αποτελέσματα έδειξαν ότι ο προτεινόμενος νόμος ανάδρασης εξόδου σταθεροποιεί το σύστημα ύστερα υπό παλμική διαταραχή (ανοδική και καθοδική) στη συγκέντρωση της οργανικής φόρτισης της τροφοδοσίας του συστήματος. / Anaerobic digestion is a complex biochemical process and one of the most widespread methods for the treatment of high organic content waste, aiming at the production of biogas(energy), while treating the waste] A common process objective is the maximisation of the biogas production. A 2-state model was developed for the simulation of an experimental reactor (CSTR), fed with acetic acid. This type of feeding is very important, as quite often anaerobic digestion is carried out in two sequential reactors, one hydrogen and fatty acids (mainly acetate) producing hydrolysis reactor followed by a methanogenic reactor which produces biogas (methane and carbon dioxide). The hydraulic retention time which maximizes the production rate of biogas was determined based on the developed process model. A model-based output feedback process control algorithm was utilised to secure fast transition to the new optimal steady state when there are changes in the feed loading rate. The algorithm was first demonstrated to work theoretically and secured minimal losses of methane during a transition. The algorithm was then applied experimentally and succeeded to drive the digester to the new optimum following both step-up and step-down pulse disturbances in the acetate feed concentration.

?rea de concentra??o: Aquicultura. / Submitted by Jos? Henrique Henrique (jose.neves@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2017-04-24T17:45:26Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) daiane_kelly_alves_pereira.pdf: 622450 bytes, checksum: 2bb5344f188105f4d95c80ff9492e60c (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2017-04-24T18:31:01Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) daiane_kelly_alves_pereira.pdf: 622450 bytes, checksum: 2bb5344f188105f4d95c80ff9492e60c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-24T18:31:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) daiane_kelly_alves_pereira.pdf: 622450 bytes, checksum: 2bb5344f188105f4d95c80ff9492e60c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016 / Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq) / Banco do Nordeste do Brasil S.A. (BNB) / A aquicultura ? uma pr?tica brasileira que cresceu expressivamente nas ?ltimas d?cadas, contudo, a produ??o de pescados ainda ? insuficiente para atender a demanda interna. Na ?sia, maior produtor mundial de pescados, 95% das esp?cies produzidas s?o nativas, enquanto no Brasil, esse percentual est? abaixo de 20%. Este estudo teve como objetivo verificar o tempo de digest?o e avaliar o trato digest?rio de larvas de Lophiosilurus alexandri, uma esp?cie nativa do Rio S?o Francisco. As larvas foram avaliadas com 12 e 19 dias de vida, alimentadas com n?uplios de art?mia salina. Para avalia??o do tempo de digest?o nos diferentes dias de amostragem foi utilizada uma regress?o linear. Ao t?rmino do experimento foram aferidas as medidas de peso (g), e comprimento total (CT), comprimento de boca (CBO) e largura de boca (LBO) (mm). Para caracteriza??o do trato, al?m das j? citadas, foram tomadas medidas de comprimento total, comprimento boca/es?fago, comprimento do est?mago, comprimento do intestino, comprimento da boca, largura de boca e quociente intestinal para 12 e 19 dias de vida. As larvas apresentaram nos diferentes dias de amostragem peso, CT, CBO, LBO e QI de 41,18 mg e 76,88 mg, 17,78 mm e 20,98 mm, 0,42 mm e 0.73 mm, 2,71 mm e 3,57 mm, 0,29 mm e 0,32 mm aos 12 e 19 dias respectivamente. Foi verificado para os par?metros observados um maior desenvolvimento das larvas com 19 dias em rela??o as de 12 dias. Os par?metros de qualidade de ?gua mantiveram-se est?veis durante todo o per?odo experimental, permanecendo dentro dos valores aceit?veis para a larvicultura da esp?cie, assim como o crescimento em peso e comprimento. A avalia??o do desenvolvimento do sistema digest?rio das larvas foi realizada atrav?s de an?lises histol?gicas. O tempo de digest?o em larvas com 12 dias de vida foi menor (2 h 39 min 18 s) do que as de 19 dias (3 h 5 min 50 s). Por outro lado, larvas com 19 dias de vida apresentam trato digest?rio mais diferenciado em rela??o a 12 dias, permitindo assimilar melhor o alimento, aumentando assim a probabilidade de sobreviv?ncia dos indiv?duos. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Zootecnia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2016. / Aquaculture is a Brazilian practice that has grown significantly in the last decades, however, fish production is still insufficient to meet domestic demand. In Asia, the world's largest fish producer, 95% of the species produced are native, while in Brazil, this percentage is below 20%. This study aimed to verify the digestion time and to evaluate the digestive tract of larvae of Lophiosilurus alexandri, a species native to the S?o Francisco River. The larvae were evaluated at 12 and 19 days of age, fed with Artemia salina nauplii. To evaluate the digestion time on the different sampling days a linear regression was used. At the end of the experiment, the measurements of weight (g), total length (CT), length of mouth (BOD) and mouth width (LBO) (mm) were measured. For characterization of the tract, in addition to those already mentioned, measurements were taken of total length, mouth length / esophagus, length of the stomach, length of the intestine, length of mouth, mouth width and intestinal quotient for 12 and 19 days of life. The larvae presented, on the different days of sampling, weight, CT, CBO, LBO and IQ of 41.18 mg and 76.88 mg, 17.78 mm and 20.98 mm, 0.42 mm and 0.73 mm, 2.71 mm And 3.57 mm, 0.29 mm and 0.32 mm at 12 and 19 days respectively. It was verified for the observed parameters a greater development of the larvae with 19 days in relation to the 12 days. The water quality parameters remained stable throughout the experimental period, remaining within acceptable values for the species larviculture, as well as growth in weight and length. The evaluation of the development of the digestive system of the larvae was performed through histological analysis. The digestion time in larvae with 12 days of life was lower (2 h 39 min 18 s) than those of 19 days (3 h 5 min 50 s). On the other hand, larvae with 19 days of life present digestive tract more differentiated in relation to 12 days, allowing assimilating the food better, thus increasing the probability of survival of the individuals.

A presente tese investiga as relações entre leitura, material de leitura e leitor, focalizando especificamente a revista Seleções do Reader’s Digest e seus leitores. O estudo objetiva investigar tais relações, de modo a entender a trama discursiva de situações e condições sob as quais se estabelecem normas e condutas que produzem práticas e experiências ligadas à leitura. Para tanto, a investigação foi dividida em dois eixos: o primeiro consistiu na análise de 152 exemplares, predominantemente das décadas de 40 a 70 da revista de grande circulação nacional e de origem editorial estadunidense Seleções do Reader’s Digest, e o segundo se debruçou sobre entrevistas com doze leitores da referida publicação. O aporte teórico-metodológico da pesquisa situa-se no campo dos Estudos Culturais em Educação, articulados aos estudos sobre leitura e leitores. O trabalho está estruturado com base nos seguintes autores: Roger Chartier, Miguel de Certeau, Leonor Arfuch, Rosa Silveira, Michel Foucault, Stuart Hall, Jorge Larrosa, Emmanuel Fraisse, Jean-Claude Pompougnac, Martine Poulain, Zigmunt Bauman, dentre outros. O estudo entende a leitura enquanto experiência cotidiana, compreendendo-a como sendo aquela efetuada com regularidade, estando imersa nas suas várias dimensões e implicada no social, no cultural, no político e no econômico. As narrativas produzidas através das entrevistas dessa pesquisa possibilitaram sua circunscrição em histórias pessoais, que ajustadas à sua dimensão singular são reconhecidas como histórias de leitura. Ao problematizar as relações entre discursos, comportamentos, situações, ambientes e materiais de leitura – e, em especial da Seleções (1940 a 1970), emergiram representações que puderam integrar dois tópicos analíticos: o primeiro, “Leitores e leituras” e o segundo, “Textos e tramas”. No primeiro estabeleceram-se determinados perfis, que foram denominados como identidades leitoras, identificados a partir de experiências cotidianas de leitura. Já o segundo articula outras experiências cotidianas que, assim como a leitura, estão relacionadas com lazer, entretenimento, emoções, aprendizado, senso crítico etc. Tais experiências aparecem marcadas pela escuta do rádio – em especial, as radionovelas – e a televisão. Outras mídias ainda, próprias da contemporaneidade, como a internet e suas redes sociais, também apareceram nas narrativas dos entrevistados. As conclusões do estudo apontam para alguns entendimentos sobre possíveis relações entre Seleções e a leitura que os leitores faziam dela, quais sejam: o prazer que a leitura provoca; o aprendizado da/com a leitura; a variedade de suportes de leitura; a variedade de modos, gestos e espaços de leitura; a leitura como um “lugar” de memória levando à produção de histórias de leitura e “leituras” e sua relação com consumo. Por fim, conforme alguns cenários apresentados pelos depoentes, possuir uma biblioteca, mesmo que seja com revistas – algumas encadernadas, parece aliar-se a boas práticas de leitura com hábitos diários, que buscam sempre entendimento e atualização. Tais aspectos, dentre outros, podem ser tomados como indícios de algumas das possíveis materialidades de representação de leitura na contemporaneidade. / This thesis investigates the relationship between reading, reading material and the reader, focusing specifically on the magazine Reader's Digest and its readers. The study aims to investigate these relationships in order to understand the discursive situations and conditions under which establishes norms and behaviors that produce practices and experiences related to reading. Therefore, the research was divided into two axes: the first consisted on analysis of 152 samples, predominantly from the 40s to 70 magazine widely circulated national - source publishing U.S. - Reader's Digest and the second focussed on interviews with twelve readers on that publication. The theoretical-methodological research is in the field of Cultural Studies, articulated in reading and readers studies. The work was structured around the following authors: Roger Chartier, Miguel de Certeau, Leonor Arfuch, Rosa Silveira, Michel Foucault, Stuart Hall, Jorge Larrosa, Emmanuel Fraisse, Jean-Claude Pompougnac, Martine Poulain, Zigmunt Bauman, and others. The study considers reading as everyday experience, understanding it as being that performed regularly, being immersed in its various dimensions and implicated in social, the cultural, the political and economic spheres. The narratives produced through interviews of this research enabled personal stories in his constituency, which adjusted its singular dimension are recognized as reading stories. To problematize the relationship between discourses, behaviors, situations, environments and reading materials - and especially the selections (1940-1970), emerged representations that could integrate analytical two topics: first, "Readers and readings," and second. "Texts and plots." In the first certain profiles were stabilisched which were called as readers identities, identified from daily experiences of reading. The second articulates other everyday experiences, as well as reading that are related to leisure, entertainment, emotions, learning, critical sense, etc.. Such experiences are marked by listening to the radio - especially the soap operas - and television. Other contemporary media, such as the Internet and social networks also appeared in the narratives of respondents. Conclusion of studies guide some understandings about possible relationships between the magazine and readers mode which are: the pleasure that reading causes; learning from / with reading, reading the various media, modes, gestures and spaces for reading, reading as a memory "place" leading to production of reading and stories "readings" and its relation with consumption. Finally, as some scenarios presented by the interviewees, have a library, even with magazines - some bound, seems to combine best practices with daily habits of reading,wich always sick for understanding and update. These aspects can be taken as evidence for some of the possible materiality of representation in contemporary reading.

In the submitted diploma thesis the theoretical part is just an overview of basic information concerning anaerobic digestion, and thus about biogas production, principles of its origin, chemical composition, properties and requirements regarding the soil out of which the biogas comes into existence in fermenter biogas stations. The other part of the theoretical section deals with digestate and types of soil since the aim of my thesis is the monitoring of possibilities how to utilize the waste from BGS fermenters, digestate for composting and how to improve physical-chemical properties of heavy soils. It was proved in the experimental thesis itself that the digestate is not organic fertiliser, on the contrary it is weak mineral fertiliser, highly diluted, and it does not fulfil the role of organic fertiliser because its organic substance is too stable. However, it can be successfully used during the digestate application into the compost ? it is earth-friendly and airy substance, it prevents heat leakage and the compost has higher T-value. It is suitable for the application into soil ? not as an organic fertiliser but for the improvement of water-air mode of soils, especially those heavy ones.

Analisam-se as questões envolvendo a modulação temporal da jurisprudência, como técnica adequada à solução do problema que orbita em torno das drásticas mudanças dos precedentes dos tribunais. Compara o sistema da common Law e da civil Law e a crescente tendência de absorção de institutos destes dois sistemas. Analisam-se exemplos de modulação de decisões no Direito Brasileiro, além das técnicas de modulação existentes no Direito Estrangeiro. Critica o modo como os tribunais brasileiros têm tratado a uniformização da jurisprudência. Observa critérios existentes no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro e que se prestam à aplicação como norte à modulação temporal, principalmente diante dos princípios da boa-fé, proteção a confiança e segurança jurídica. / It analyses the topics envolving juriprudence modulation as a technique adequate to solute the problem of the drastics overrulings. It compares both common law and civil law systems and the actual tendency to absorve institutes from both systems. It also analyses examples of jurisprudence modulation in brazilian law and techniques from other countries. It criticizes the way brazilian courts treat the jurisprudence uniformization. It observes the many criterions in brazilian law that allow to be applied as a direction to the jurisprudence modulation, specially in the matter of good faith, confidence protection and juridical security principles.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-04-26T22:18:34Z No. of bitstreams: 1 GlauciaMoisesMarquesESilva_DISSERT.pdf: 4491334 bytes, checksum: ab12f2e9fbbbbe51fff172ebec8580f4 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-04-29T23:53:54Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 GlauciaMoisesMarquesESilva_DISSERT.pdf: 4491334 bytes, checksum: ab12f2e9fbbbbe51fff172ebec8580f4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-29T23:53:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 GlauciaMoisesMarquesESilva_DISSERT.pdf: 4491334 bytes, checksum: ab12f2e9fbbbbe51fff172ebec8580f4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-06-30 / Neste estudo foram utilizados 07 exemplares de Cichlasoma orientale, com objetivo de caracterizar morfohistologicamente o trato digest?rio dessa esp?cie. A cavidade bucofaringeana deste peixe foi investigada por meio de lupa e microsc?pio eletr?nica de varredura e exibiu caracter?sticas como boca terminal com protractibilidade, l?bios liso sendo o superior de menor espessura que o l?bio inferior, a l?ngua triangular e pigmentada, maxila arredondada com pregas palatinas, valva respirat?ria e placas dent?geras com dente c?nico. Na faringe evidencia-se a presen?a de duas placas dent?geras com dent?culos c?nicos, os rastros se apresentam curtos, apenas no primeiro arco braquial e exclusivamente presentes em esp?cimes jovens. As t?cnicas de colora??o HE-Hematoxilina de Harris, Eosina e Peri?dico Schiff foram utilizadas para caracterizar morfologicamente as camadas do tubo digest?rio com auxilio do microsc?pio optico. O es?fago ? curto com pregas na mucosa revestidas por epit?lio pseudoestratificado com c?lulas mucosecretora que se intercalam com c?lulas n?o secret?rias. A camada muscular esof?gica ? espessa com predom?nio de fibras de m?sculo esquel?tico estriado que pode ser evidenciado inclusive pr?ximo ao est?mago. Estas caracter?sticas, provavelmente est?o envolvidas ao h?bito de deglutir presas maiores e prote??o. O est?mago tem formato em Y possuindo tr?s regi?es, todas revestidas por epit?lio simples e provavelmente absortivo. A c?rdica, sem camada muscular da mucosa, com l?mina pr?pria glandular; a f?ndica com muitas pregas mucosas, delgada muscular da mucosa e grande quantidade de gl?ndulas g?stricas; por fim a regi?o pil?rica ? tamb?m glandular e a camada muscular mais espessa quando comparadas as outras regi?es. As caracter?sticas morfol?gicas estomacais indicam um est?mago especializado na digest?o qu?mica, ?cida e proteica. O intestino apresenta-se, anatomicamente, curto com duas al?as intestinais e com tr?s regi?es anterior, m?dia e posterior bem distintas. Quanto ? camada da mucosa, o epit?lio por todo o intestino, tem revestimento do tipo cil?ndrico simples observando-se c?lulas caliciformes e enter?citos, vilosidades tamb?m est?o presentes. O ?rg?o ? totalmente aglandular e provavelmente respons?vel, mais intensamente com a absor??o sendo a digest?o intestinal possivelmente dependente de secre??es hepatopancre?ticas. A morfologia identificada em Cichlasoma orientale apresenta ?rg?os adaptados ao habito alimentar on?voro com tend?ncia alimentar ? carnivoria. / This study used 07 specimens of Cichlasoma orientale, in order to characterize morfohistologicamente the digestive tract of this species. The bucofaringeana cavity of this fish was investigated by means of magnifying glass and scanning electron microscope and exhibited characteristics as terminal mouth with protractibilidade, smooth lips and the upper thinner than the lower lip, triangular and pigmented tongue, rounded jaw with palatine folds, breathing valve and dentigerous plates with conical teeth. In the pharynx highlights the presence of two plates with tapered indentations dentigerous, the tracks are shown shorter, only the first brachial arch and exclusively present in young animals. Technical HEHarris hematoxylin staining, eosin and Periodic Schiff were used to characterize morphologically the layers of the digestive tract with the aid of optical microscope. The esophagus is short with folds mucosa lined by pseudostratified epithelium with mucosecretora cells that are interspersed with nonsecretory cells. The esophageal muscle layer is thick with predominance of striated skeletal muscle fibers which can be evidenced even close to the stomach. These features are probably involved the swallowing habit largest and protection prey. The stomach has format in Y having three regions, all overlaid by a simple epithelium and probably absorptive. The cardial without muscular layer of mucosa with glandular lamina propria; the fundus with many folds mucosa, muscular thin mucous and lot of gastric glands; Finally the pyloric gland and is also thicker muscle layer when compared to other regions. The stomach morphological characteristics indicate a specialized stomach chemistry, acid and protein digestion. The intestine presents itself, anatomically, with two short bowel loops with three anterior, middle and posterior distinct. The layer of the mucosa, the intestinal epithelium throughout, it has a single cylindrical type coating observing goblet cells and enterocytes, villi are also present. The Board is fully responsible aglandular and probably more intensely with the absorption and intestinal digestion possibly dependent hepatopancre?ticas secretions. The morphology identified in Cichlasoma orientale presents organs adapted to the omnivorous eating habits to feed the carnivorous trend.

Analisam-se as questões envolvendo a modulação temporal da jurisprudência, como técnica adequada à solução do problema que orbita em torno das drásticas mudanças dos precedentes dos tribunais. Compara o sistema da common Law e da civil Law e a crescente tendência de absorção de institutos destes dois sistemas. Analisam-se exemplos de modulação de decisões no Direito Brasileiro, além das técnicas de modulação existentes no Direito Estrangeiro. Critica o modo como os tribunais brasileiros têm tratado a uniformização da jurisprudência. Observa critérios existentes no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro e que se prestam à aplicação como norte à modulação temporal, principalmente diante dos princípios da boa-fé, proteção a confiança e segurança jurídica. / It analyses the topics envolving juriprudence modulation as a technique adequate to solute the problem of the drastics overrulings. It compares both common law and civil law systems and the actual tendency to absorve institutes from both systems. It also analyses examples of jurisprudence modulation in brazilian law and techniques from other countries. It criticizes the way brazilian courts treat the jurisprudence uniformization. It observes the many criterions in brazilian law that allow to be applied as a direction to the jurisprudence modulation, specially in the matter of good faith, confidence protection and juridical security principles.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-03-21T18:23:16Z No. of bitstreams: 1 LenildaTeixeiraDaSilva_DISSERT.pdf: 9447586 bytes, checksum: d37926a108960b1f1abce78ad4149e93 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-03-27T21:40:12Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 LenildaTeixeiraDaSilva_DISSERT.pdf: 9447586 bytes, checksum: d37926a108960b1f1abce78ad4149e93 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-27T21:40:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LenildaTeixeiraDaSilva_DISSERT.pdf: 9447586 bytes, checksum: d37926a108960b1f1abce78ad4149e93 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-06-21 / A Detritivoria ? comum em peixes dulc?colas, sobretudo na regi?o neotropical, e para muitas esp?cies s?o escassas as informa??es sobre o trato digest?rio, como ? o caso da esp?cie Steindachnerina notonota, na qual, tem import?ncia ecol?gica como elo da cadeia alimentar, servindo de alimento para os peixes carn?voros, e atuando na depura??o dos ecossistemas aqu?ticos sujeitos ? polui??o org?nica. O objetivo do presente estudo consiste em analisar as adapta??es morfol?gicas do trato digest?rio, desta esp?cie end?mica da caatinga, regi?o do semi?rido brasileiro. Assim, foram utilizados 10 esp?cimes adultos (machos e f?meas), necropsiados, para an?lises macrosc?picas e microsc?picas do trato digest?rio. Todas as estruturas foram observadas no estereomicrosc?pio. Os ?rg?os foram fixados em formol 10% e submetidos ? colora??o de Hematoxilina e Eosina, e PAS - ?cido Peri?dico Schiff (rastros branquiais, ?rg?o epibranquial, es?fago, est?mago, intestino m?dio e intestino posterior) e analisados em microscopia de luz. Os rastros branquiais tamb?m foram fixados em paraformalde?do 10% para an?lise em microscopia eletr?nica de varredura. Os esp?cimes analisados possu?am comprimento total entre 6,4 a 13 cm, comprimento padr?o entre 4,8 a 10,3 cm, e peso de 3,23 a 35,92 g. As adapta??es estruturais no trato digest?rio foram: boca do tipo terminal; o particular complexo bucofar?ngeo; aus?ncia de dentes e da l?ngua; tem tr?s tipos de formatos de rastros branquiais com c?lulas mucosas e bot?es gustativos; possui o ?rg?o epibranquial com suas peculiaridades; um est?mago mec?nico com musculatura muito desenvolvida na regi?o pil?rica; e um intestino muito longo e enovelado, que tem internamente uma exclusiva prega helicoidal. Os aspectos morfol?gicos do trato digest?rio de S. notonota t?m rela??o ao h?bito alimentar especializado detrit?voro-ili?fago. / Detritivory is the common freshwater fishes, especially in the Neotropical region, and for many species are scarce information about the digestory tract, as is the case of the species Steindachnerina notonota, in which, it has ecological importance as links in the food chain, serving of feed for carnivorous fishes, and acting in the depuration of aquatic ecosystems subject to organic pollution. The objective of present study consists of analyzing the morphological adaptations of the digestory tract, of this endemic species of the caatinga, Brazilian semiarid region. Thus, 10 adult specimens were used (males and females), necropsied for macroscopic and microscopic analysis of the digestory tract. All structures were observed in the stereomicroscope. The organs were fixed in 10% formalin and submitted to hematoxylin and eosin staining, and PAS - periodic acid Schiff (gill rakers, epibranchial organ, esophagus, stomach, midgut and hindgut) and analyzed by light microscopy. The gill rakers were also fixed in 10% paraformaldehyde for analysis by scanning electron microscopy. The specimens analyzed had total length between 6,4 to 13 cm, standard length between 4,8 to 10,3 cm, and weight of 3,23 to 35,92 g. The structural adaptations in the digestory tract were: mouth of the terminal type; the particular complex bucopharyngeal; absent from tooth and tongue; it has three types of formats of gill rakers with mucous cells and taste buds; possess the epibranchial organ with its peculiarities; a mechanical stomach with highly developed musculature in the pylorus; and a very long and coiled intestine, which internally has exclusive helical fold. The morphological aspects of digestory tract of S. notonota are related to detritivore-ilyophago specialized feeding habit.