Review of Chicago History Museum, Digital Collection : Costume and Textile Collection. 2012.

Review of Chicago History Museum, Digital Collection : Costume and Textile Collection.2012.

本研究旨在瞭解博物館實施員工訓練之概況，並進一步探討博物館人員專業訓練施行後的成效、不同背景的博物館人員對訓練實施成效看法有無差異，以及主管階層對員工訓練實施成效的看法，以期研究所得能作為國內博物館規劃及人員訓練的參考。 為達研究目的，首先蒐集相關文獻，分析博物館人員專業訓練的相關資料；其次，透過個案研究國內自籌備設館以來即有計畫進行人員培訓、且為國科會數位典藏計畫主要成員之一的國立自然科學博物館，以了解該館數位化工作人員專業訓練概況；最後，則以問卷對數位化工作人員進行調查，以了解員工接受專業訓練的成效、不同個人背景與工作部門對員工訓練成效的影響，以及各組主管對員工訓練實施成效的看法。 研究結果發現：(1)數位化工作人員的專業訓練偏重在技術應用層面；(2)數位化工作人員對訓練軟硬體設施普遍感到滿意，但對訓練的評估及後續的升遷與福利等方面滿意度較低；(3)數位化工作人員在受過訓練後，在「數位化相關知識與整體概念」、「與業務有關的專業技能」及「工作目標認知與合作態度」等方面的學習皆有很大的進步，同時也能夠學以致用，確實應用在實際工作上；(4)數位化工作人員對訓練不滿意的原因以課程內容安排不當、未能切合自身工作需要及受名額或班次限制為主；(5)個人背景因素及工作組別不會影響數位化工作人員對訓練成效的看法；(6)主管多認為員工在接受訓練後，不僅在知識技能、工作態度等方面有明顯進步，對組織整體營運也有很大的助益；(7)數位化工作人員認為未來訓練課程的規劃仍應加強〝技術方面〞的課程，主管人員則認為可再加強與相關單位進行經驗交流。 根據研究結果，本研究提出以下建議，作為培訓單位、國立自然科學博物館日後辦理數位典藏相關人員訓練業務之參考：(1)加強「資訊技術」方面的訓練課程，考量報名學員的背景設計課程內容深度；(2)課程主題應時有更新，對於報名踴躍的課程可增加開課班次或名額；(3)實行職務代理人制度，確定員工的訓練需求，提供員工將訓練所學應用在工作上的機會；(4)重視員工訓練成效評估，明確制定訓練的賞罰，給予員工適當的回饋，以激勵增強其學習動機。 / This research is to provide a general understanding of the staff training in a museum, an evaluation of staff training, and the responses of managerial level in the hope that it might be a reference for the museum management in Taiwan. Firstly references related to staff training in the museum are collected and analyzed with the National Museum of Natural Science studied for a deep and practical understanding of the staff-training program. This museum is a member of the digital museum project, and its staff-training program is well established. Then the feedback from the staff of the digital museum project is analyzed to understand the effect of staff training, the influence to the training from different personal backgrounds and varied departments, and the evaluation from managers. The findings of this research include: (1) the emphasis of the training of the staff of digital project is in skill application; (2) the staff of digital project are generally satisfied with the training of hard- and soft-ware equipment, but less satisfied in the evaluation and the promotion and welfare after training; (3) the staff of the digital project have a huge improvement in the knowledge and the whole concept about digitalization, related professional skills, the recognition of targets and goals, and the attitude in cooperation. In the meantime the trainees are also able to apply what they have learned to their work; (4) the staff are dissatisfied with the content of the training program, the irrelevance to their job needs, and the limitation of the number of applicants or training sessions; (5) personal backgrounds and the different departments won’t affect the perception of the staff; (6) managers mostly approve the huge improvement of the staff in the knowledge and the attitudes to work, as well as the great benefit in organization; (7) the staff of digital project consider that the future training should still focus on skills and techniques, while managers consider that it should emphasize in the exchange of experiences with other organizations in the digital project. According to the result of this research, the following suggestions are offered to staff training centers as well as National Museum of Natural Science for the future training sessions for the staff of digital project: (1) Training sessions about information technology should be emphasized and the contents of sessions should be designed with the consideration of staff’s backgrounds; (2) The subject of the session should be updated, and more sessions and applicants should be provided in popular subjects; (3) The agent system should be established, the needs of trainees assured, and opportunities offered for the staff to practice what they have learned; (4) There should be the serious evaluation of staff training, the regulations for rewards and punishment, and proper encouragements to the staff to intensify their learning motives.

<p>This thesis explores content design – an area which encompasses the practices and the conceptions of the description, organisation and manipulation of digital content. The overall aim was to identify and examine principles, methods and tools appropriate for content design within the humanities and the social sciences. Another purpose was to investigate the limitations and opportunities of the identified methods and tools by means of modelling and applications of prosopographical materials, designed for research and teaching in history of education.</p><p>The prosopographical collection consists of three different kinds of sources: transcriptions from biographical reference books, written biographical accounts and digitalised archival sources, such as enrolment registers. These resources were encoded according to the Text Encoding Initiative (TEI) guidelines with the purpose to denote specific structures and semantic features of the content. The thesis demonstrates how the prosopographical collection, stored in a master file in TEI/XML format, was encoded and organised and then further transformed, migrated and manipulated by other tools and to other platforms. This resulted in several examples of applications demonstrating a broad range of uses for research and teaching in history of education and alike.</p><p>One conclusion is that the TEI guidelines serve well as a valuable tool for the markup of rather complex historical materials designed for multiple purposes: for qualitative analyses, and as input to multivariate statistical analyses, and for migration into relational databases. Another conclusion is that such digital collections, provided with markup, could be treated as research tools themselves, because they lend themselves much more than simply access, retrieval or reading. In this prosopographical collection, the markup contributes to make explicit the underlying theories and thus provides scholars, teachers and students with tools to reuse and rearrange the content for other kinds of uses in other areas. </p>

This thesis explores content design – an area which encompasses the practices and the conceptions of the description, organisation and manipulation of digital content. The overall aim was to identify and examine principles, methods and tools appropriate for content design within the humanities and the social sciences. Another purpose was to investigate the limitations and opportunities of the identified methods and tools by means of modelling and applications of prosopographical materials, designed for research and teaching in history of education. The prosopographical collection consists of three different kinds of sources: transcriptions from biographical reference books, written biographical accounts and digitalised archival sources, such as enrolment registers. These resources were encoded according to the Text Encoding Initiative (TEI) guidelines with the purpose to denote specific structures and semantic features of the content. The thesis demonstrates how the prosopographical collection, stored in a master file in TEI/XML format, was encoded and organised and then further transformed, migrated and manipulated by other tools and to other platforms. This resulted in several examples of applications demonstrating a broad range of uses for research and teaching in history of education and alike. One conclusion is that the TEI guidelines serve well as a valuable tool for the markup of rather complex historical materials designed for multiple purposes: for qualitative analyses, and as input to multivariate statistical analyses, and for migration into relational databases. Another conclusion is that such digital collections, provided with markup, could be treated as research tools themselves, because they lend themselves much more than simply access, retrieval or reading. In this prosopographical collection, the markup contributes to make explicit the underlying theories and thus provides scholars, teachers and students with tools to reuse and rearrange the content for other kinds of uses in other areas.

Submitted by Marcelle Souza (marcellesouza@bib.ccmn.ufrj.br) on 2017-08-22T12:47:45Z No. of bitstreams: 1 SOUZA, M.L DISSERTAÇÃO.pdf: 1715741 bytes, checksum: b6f74a4fb7c551b3cf36e01b14e50d16 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-22T12:47:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 SOUZA, M.L DISSERTAÇÃO.pdf: 1715741 bytes, checksum: b6f74a4fb7c551b3cf36e01b14e50d16 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-21 / Esta dissertação tem como objeto a preservação de acervos científicos digitais pertencentes às bibliotecas universitárias do Sistema de Bibliotecas e Informação da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro SIBI/UFRJ. A pesquisa realizada apresentou os dados consolidados em relação aos acervos das bibliotecas universitárias pertencentes ao sistema, a utilização dos livros eletrônicos dentro da universidade e a preservação digital realizada através da implementação de uma política de preservação digital pertencente ao repositório PANTHEON da UFRJ. A metodologia utilizada foi de cunho exploratório e descritivo procurou identificar as possíveis ações, programas, normas e competências necessárias voltados para a preservação digital no Brasil. Foram analisadas iniciativas importantes em preservação digital no Brasil como a Rede Cariniana/IBICT; a Iniciativa Legatum – projeto do Grupo de pesquisas CRIDI - Cultura, Representação e Informação Digitais; Câmara Técnica de Documentos Eletrônicos (CTDE), subordinada ao Conselho Nacional de Arquivos (CONARQ); Repositório PANTHEON / UFRJ e refletindo-se sobre as relações interdisciplinares entre arquivos e bibliotecas. Ao fim conclui-se que o SIBI está engajado em ações de preservação digital através da implementação do seu repositório institucional possibilitando a preservação de seus acervos científicos e seguindo as normas e padrões nacionais e internacionais que garantem a acessibilidade, integridade, confiabilidade e disseminação da informação. / This dissertation is focused on the preservation of scientific digital collections which belong to the university libraries and information system (Sistema de Bibliotecas e Informação) of Rio de Janeiro’s Federal University (Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro) SIBI/UFRJ. The research provided consolidated data related to the university’s libraries which integrate the system, the use of electronic books in universities and digital preservation through the implementation of a policy focused on the PANTHEON repository of UFRJ. The methodology used was an exploratory and descriptive research that intended to identify possible actions, programs, norms and necessary competences related to the digital preservation in Brazil. We analysed some significant iniciatives such as: Rede Cariniana/IBICT; Iniciativa Legatum – a research project from Grupo de pesquisas CRIDI - Cultura, Representação e Informação Digitais; Câmara Técnica de Documentos Eletrônicos (CTDE), subordinated to the National Council of Archives (Conselho Nacional de Arquivos - CONARQ); PANTHEON / UFRJ Repository (Repositório PANTHEON / UFRJ) and reflecting on interdisciplinary relationships between archives and libraries. In the end we concluded that SIBI is taking part in actions to digitally preserve collections through the implementation of its institutional repository that enables the preservation of its scientific collections, according to norms and standards, both national and international which guarantee the accessibility, integrity, reliability and information propagation.

Weeding is one of the central tasks of collection management at academic libraries but is often not prioritized. Digital collections are constantly growing and soon there will be a need to manage these resources. This master thesis explores the general state of weeding and e-resource weeding to uncover how these practices are understood and enacted at Swedish academic libraries, while also introducing the term e-weeding. A mixed method study was conducted and both quantitative and qualitative content analysis were performed on policy documents and interview transcripts respectively. Sentiments, opinions and current practices surrounding weeding and e-weeding at Swedish academic libraries were investigated and discussed. It was observed that most policy documents did not mention practices that could be understood as e-weeding, but some presented guidelines for print weeding. From the interviews, respondents had no consensus around a definition of e-weeding but practices commonly thought of as digital collection management could be tied to this term. In addition, print weeding was considered by respondents as more acute than e-weeding due to the intangible nature of digital resources. Lastly, it was revealed that criteria used for print weeding could sometimes be used for evaluating digital resources, although unique aspects of e-resources need to be considered. Nevertheless, respondents were open to the idea of e-weeding their digital collections in the future.

Covid-19 pandemin har orsakat dödsfall, risk för människors hälsa och en världsekonomisk nedgång vilket resulterade i att restriktioner infördes för att minska smittspridningen. Restriktioner i form av fysisk distansering till följd av Covid-19 pandemin har skapat både utmaningar och möjligheter för olika branscher i världen. Ett flertal arbetsplatser fick drastiskt omstrukturera arbetssätt och införa ett distansarbete. Revisionsbranschen har inte varit ett undantag utan genomfört en drastisk implementering av distansarbete. Utvecklingen av digitala verktyg inom revisionsbranschen har varit ett pågående arbete under en längre period. Detta för att realisera ett ökat distansanpassat arbetssätt i framtiden, vilket påskyndades till följd av Covid-19. Trots teknologiska förberedelser har det inneburit utmaningar samt givit möjligheter inom revisionsbranschen vilket kan medföra inverkan på revisionskvalitén. Eftersom detta område i skrivande stund är outforskat, är syftet med studien att bidra med kunskap om hur distansarbetet under Covid-19 har inneburit utmaningar och möjligheter inom revisionsbranschen samt skapa förståelse om balansen mellan revisionskvalitet och oberoende och objektivitet.    Studien berör revisionsprocessens förändrade arbetssätt till följd av ökat distansarbete och dess inverkan på revisionskvaliténs slutprodukt. I studien presenteras centrala faktorer vilka vid införandet av distansarbete kan inverka på revisionskvaliteten. Via tio kvalitativa intervjuer med revisionsmedarbetare, vilka har varierande erfarenhet, har individuella-, organisatoriska-, privata- och teknologiska faktorer inom distansarbete ansetts betydelsefulla. Vidare har även input-, process- och output faktorer inom revisionskvalitén samt revisionsprocessens samtliga faser ansetts betydelsefulla. Ytterligare kvalitativ datainsamling har skett genom textanalys av tio företags revisionsberättelser för år 2019, 2020, samt 2021. Majoriteten av respondenterna i studien tillhör Big Four-byråer resterande fyra respondenter tillhör medelstora revisionsbyråer. Samtliga av respondenterna arbetar aktivt med K3-regelverket och är lokaliserade på kontor i olika delar av Sverige.    Studien bidrar med kunskap om vilka möjligheter och utmaningar revisionsbranschen har mött i samband med den drastiska implementeringen av distansarbete. Vidare utfördes en analys angående om revisionskvalitén har påverkats på grund av de identifierade utmaningarna och möjligheterna. Tillvägagångssättet för studien var att undersöka distansarbetets inverkan på revisionskvalitetens dimensioner bestående av input-, process-, och outputfaktorer. Studien visade på att distansarbetet har medfört kommunikativa utmaningar och svårigheter att upprätthålla kunskapsutveckling. Distansarbetet har även medfört möjligheter för ökad effektivitet. En slutsats av studien var att distansarbetet inte påverkat den slutliga produktens kvalité och därmed uppfattades ingen inverkan på revisionskvaliteten i dagsläget. Vidare uppmärksammas gränsdragningen mellan revisorers oberoende och objektivitet i förhållande till kundrelationerna. Studien uppmärksammar även att om implementering av hybrid-arbetssätt fortsätter bör revisionsbranschen se över kunskapsförsörjningen hos revisionsmedarbetare. / The Covid-19 pandemic causes death, risk to human health and a world economic downturn. The pandemic led to the establishment of restrictions to reduce the spread of the infection and physical distancing have both brought challenges and opportunities for various industries in the world. Several workplaces had to drastically restructure their working methods and implement teleworking. The auditing industry has not been an exception to this, and a drastic implementation of teleworking took place in the line of business. The development of digital tools in the auditing industry has been an ongoing work for a long period. This is to implement an extended teleworking method in the future, which has been accelerated as a result of Covid-19. Despite technological preparations, it has posed challenges and provided opportunities in the auditing industry, which can have an impact on auditing quality. Based on this unexplored field at the time of writing, the purpose of this study is to contribute knowledge about how teleworking during Covid-19 has entailed challenges and opportunities in the auditing industry and to create an understanding of the balance between auditing quality and independence and objectivity   The study refers to the changed working methods regarding the audit process as a result of increased telework and its impact on the audit quality in the final product. The study presents key factors which, when introducing telework, can affect the quality of auditing. Through ten qualitative interviews with audit staff, with varying experience, has individual, organizational, private and technological factors in teleworking been considered significant. Furthermore, input, process and output factors within the audit quality and all phases of the audit process have also been considered significant. Further, qualitative data collection has taken place through text analysis of ten companies' audit reports for the years 2019, 2020, and 2021. The majority of the respondents in the study belong to Big Four-agencies, the remaining four respondents belong to medium-sized audit firms. All the respondents work actively with the K3 regulations and are located in offices in different parts of Sweden.    The study contributes with knowledge of the opportunities and challenges the auditing industry has faced in connection with the drastic implementation of teleworking. Furthermore, an analysis was performed regarding whether the audit quality has been affected due to the identified challenges and opportunities. The approach for the study was to investigate the impact of telework on the dimensions of audit quality consisting of input, process, and output factors. The study showed that teleworking has led to communicative challenges and challenges in maintaining knowledge development. The telework has also led to opportunities for increased efficiency. One conclusion of the study was that the telework did not affect the quality of the final product and thus no impact on the audit quality was perceived at present. Furthermore, attention is drawn to the demarcation between auditors' independence and objectivity in relation to customer relationships. The study also draws attention to the fact that if the implementation of hybrid working methods continues, the auditing industry should review the supply of knowledge among audit staff.