ABSTRACT The research question was to determine whether commercial property development loan pre-disbursement conditions protect the bank’s interests, or whether certain conditions hinder the pre-disbursement compliance process. The research showed that the majority of pre-disbursement conditions are of high importance in protecting the bank’s interests. However, findings were that not all conditions are important or even relevant for every project. Lack of understanding of the content and importance of the pre-disbursement conditions by the front-line consultant can lead to repetition and consequently an excessive number of conditions. The most important reason for delay in compliance with pre-disbursement conditions was identified as a lack of understanding by the client of the bank’s requirements and processes. Ignorance on the part of the developer of the bank’s procedures and requirements was also identified as the most common instance where relationships between the bank and the borrower were negatively affected by the pre-disbursement compliance process.

The Environmental Protection Administration of Executive Yuan has been promoting the environmental protection policy for years, hoping to achieve the goal of ¡§zero waste¡¨ and meet the international environmental standard by executing source minimization and resource recycling. The study aims to investigate the causality between the disbursement incurred from waste management and the effectiveness of control measures of the 22 Taiwan¡¦s administrative regions from 2001 to 2010; variables of the examination are, disbursement incurred from waste management , disposal or treatment rate of municipal waste, and recycling rate of enforcement authority. After the gathering of data, the Granger test is conducted to determine the causality. Given that the data of disbursement incurred from waste management is hard to gather and the details of the actual disbursement of the evaluation indices are impossible to separate, the study postulates that, with consideration of the consistency and continuity of the budgeting process and the massive accident, all the disbursement incurred from waste management is used for the said purpose. The result of the empirical research indicates that disposal or treatment rate of municipal waste and disbursement incurred from waste management are not causally related. In the Granger test, the correlation between disbursement incurred from waste management and recycling rate of enforcement authority are significant at the 0.01 level; the correlation between recycling rate of enforcement authority and disbursement incurred from waste management are significant at the 0.1 level. Therefore, the ¡§Zero Waste¡¨ and ¡§source minimization and resource recycling¡¨ policy promoted by the Administration is effective in reducing the disbursement incurred from waste management. If we adhere to the environmental policy, we can not only improve the environmental health and life quality, but also be able to reduce the expense of waste management and invest the resource on other departments to achieve the effect of protecting the environment while maintaining economic growth.