In particular in Germany and Austria, but also in other countries, extensive theoretical and analytical research has been published on the potential tax effects in case IAS/IFRS were used as the basis for corporate taxation. Very few quantitative papers exist. This motivated us to conduct a study that quantifies the actual effects of a potential decisiveness of IAS/IFRS for the national tax base - without further questioning the usefulness of an IAS/IFRS relevance. Our paper extends existing research substantially. The research question of our paper deals with the measurement of differences in discounted tax burden in different scenarios, by simulation. Our sample comprises original data of 61 Austrian companies. The median of the difference between book values of IAS/IFRS single accounts and tax accounts for specific balance sheet items is determined. We then apply the result on the items of a typical corporate account derived from an Austrian database. As a result, depending on the term of items, we can calculate the discounted tax effects for different scenarios. It must be underlined that such highly confidential and detailed tax data is usually not available to researchers. The main preliminary finding of our empirical survey is that only in few cases we find essential differences between IAS/IFRS and tax accounts. Our evidence suggests that no dramatic change in the tax base has to be expected. Our study provides not only new empirical evidence but also a basis for further research on a possible common consolidated corporate tax base from an academic perspective. (author's abstract) / Series: Working Papers / Institut für Revisions-, Treuhand- und Rechnungswesen

This thesis examines the relationship between equity valuation and four value drivers: revenue growth, volatility, profit margin and competitive advantage. It is motivated by evidence that the predominant valuation techniques of equity analysts are not associated with improved portfolio performance. Prior research suggests that equity analysts devote considerable resources into forecasting near-term earnings, but derive target prices from those earnings in an almost arbitrary fashion. In contrast, the valuation techniques in the commercial world are increasing in sophistication. Around 30 percent of large corporations in the United States and Australia use real options analysis for project evaluation, according to recent surveys. Thus, the research question is whether sophisticated equity valuation, based on rigorous economic assumptions, is useful for investment decision-making.

Zugl.: Mannheim, Universiẗat Diss., 2008.

@St. Gallen, Universiẗat, Diss., 2001.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-12T20:32:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Osvaldo Cesar Lauer.pdf: 4045663 bytes, checksum: ff3597c7d6baea25cd17296e3aff9714 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-11-29 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Among the different methodologies, that exist for the evaluation of companies, which are being analyzed in the present studies, it was shown, in practical terms, what the literature has been reaffirming: the vast majority of valuation processes is being made by means of the application of the methodology of the discounted cash flow. Since the privatization process of the electric sector, including its recent reform, from 1998 onwards, one of the sectors that has mostly attracted investments in Brazil, has been the transmission of electric energy. The transmission concessions are sold in auctions, by the regulating authority, for the lowest transmission tariff offered, demanding complex financial calculations. Thus, from the auctions of 1999 onwards, the frequent utilization of the discounted cash flow has been observed in the financial modeling to overcome successfully competing proposals in auctions. The present study has the objective to identify the principal aspects related to an electric energy transmission company, culminating in the analysis of a practical comparison of an acquisition process of five transmission companies, applying the methodology of the discounted cash flow. The parameters of the WACC, adopted by the ANEEL in the first periodic revision of the transmission companies (in process), were used, in a pioneering fashion, in order to compare the value of the company established by the market with the value of the company evaluated and established by the regulating authority, verifying its correlation and adherence. / Entre as diversas metodologias de avaliação de empresas existentes, as quais são analisadas no presente trabalho, comprovou-se em termos práticos o que a literatura vem reafirmando: a grande maioria dos processos de valuation vem ocorrendo através da metodologia do fluxo de caixa descontado. Desde o processo de privatização do setor elétrico, e com a sua reforma recente, a partir de 1998, um dos setores que mais tem atraído investimentos no Brasil é o de transmissão de energia elétrica. As concessões de transmissão são licitadas pelo órgão regulador, pela menor tarifa de transmissão ofertada, exigindo cálculos financeiros complexos. Neste aspecto, a partir dos leilões de 1999, tem se observado a grande utilização do fluxo de caixa descontado nas modelagens financeiras para vencer as propostas concorrentes nos leilões. O presente trabalho tem por objetivo identificar os principais aspectos relacionados a uma empresa transmissora de energia elétrica, culminando na análise de uma comparação prática de um processo de aquisição de cinco empresas transmissoras, pela metodologia do fluxo de caixa descontado. Inovando, utilizou-se os parâmetros do WACC adotados pela ANEEL na primeira revisão periódica das transmissoras (em processo), de modo a aferir o valor da empresa estabelecido pelo mercado com o valor da empresa na ótica regulatória, verificando a sua correlação e aderência.

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This thesis examines three aspects of capital structure of manufacturing, mining and retail firms listed on Johannesburg Securities Exchange (JSE). Firstly, it tests for the validity of the pecking order, the static trade-off and the dynamic trade-off theories in the context of South African manufacturing, mining and retail firms. The study used data from 42 manufacturing, 24 mining and 21 retail firms with complete data for four or more consecutive years during 2000-2010 (panel 1) to test the validity of these theories. The research hypotheses were formulated and tested using generalised least squares (GLS) random effects, maximum likelihood (ML) random effects, fixed effects, Prais-Winsten regression, Arellano and Bond, Blundell and Bond and the random effects Tobit models. Secondly, the thesis examines the impact of the firm’s key financial performance variables on firm leverage and speed of target adjustment. A panel of 49 manufacturing, 24 mining and 23 retail firms with complete data for two or more consecutive years during the period 2005-2010 (panel 2) was constructed and used in this test. The research hypotheses were formulated and tested using the same regression models used in panel 1. Lastly, the thesis examines the existence of the discounted value premium in manufacturing, mining and retail firms listed on the JSE. This study was done using panel of 47 manufacturing, 31 mining and 20 retail firms with complete data for four or more consecutive years during the period 2006-2010. A simple t-test was used to evaluate the significance of the sample’s discounted value premium. The study documents that firm growth rate, non-debt tax shields, financial distress, profitability, capital expenditure, asset tangibility, price earnings, ordinary share prices and changes in working capital were significant predictors of firm leverage. Dividend paid, capital expenditure, firm growth rate, profitability, cash flow from operations and economic value added were positively correlated to leverage. Asset tangibility, firm profitability, non-debt tax shields, financial distress, liquidity, price earnings, share price and retention rate were negatively correlated to leverage. Asset tangibility, financial distress, firm growth, non-debt tax shields, and long-term debt repaid were negatively correlated to changes in debt issued, whilst profitability, actual dividend paid, capital expenditure and changes in working capital were positively correlated. These results confirm the complementary nature of the trade-off and pecking order theories. Furthermore, the firms had positive and significant speeds of adjustment. In panel 1, the true speed of adjustment for the sample was 57.64% (0.81 years) for book-to-debt ratio (BDR) and 42.44% (1.25 years) for market-to-debt (MDR). The speed for manufacturing firms was 45.08% (1.16 years) for BDR and 44.59% (1.17 years) for MDR; for mining firms, 72.07% (0.54 years) for BDR and 56.45% (0.83 years) for MDR; and for retail firms, 28.42% (2.07 years) for BDR and 42.48% (1.25 years) for MDR. In panel 2, the true speed of adjustment for the sample was 64.20% for book-to-debt ratio (BDR) and 28.11% for market-to-debt ratio (MDR). The true speed for manufacturing firms was 34.42% for BDR and 30.56% for MDR; for mining firms, 69.59% for BDR and 45.77% for MDR; and for retail firms, 9.34% for BDR. These results confirm the validity of the dynamic trade-off theory. Finally, manufacturing, mining and retail firms had a positive discounted value premium. This ranged from 5.16% to 9.48% (on perpetual growth), with mining firms having the largest (9.48%), followed by manufacturing (8.54%) and retail firms (5.16%). Of the observations for the full sample, 92.23% showed a positive discounted value premium. This evidence on the speed of adjustment and discounted value premium suggests the existence of a target capital structure different from the theoretical optimal capital structure hypothesised by the static trade-off theory. / Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2013. / Financial Management / unrestricted

The aim of this diploma thesis is to determine the market value of the company Svijany, a.s. as of 31. 12. 2014 using the discounted cash flow methods FCFF and FCFE. The purpose of valuation is for company owners. The thesis is divided into two main chapters. A theoretical chapter defines the concepts, reasons for valuation and the main processes and principles of valuation. A practical chapter applies the methods specified in theoretical part. The practical part contains strategic and financial analysis necessary to determine the future value of the company. As a next, the results of previous analyses are applied to identify value drivers and create financial plan. Finally, based on previous calculations it is possible to focus on valuation of the company using the discounted cash flow methods. In the end the individual methods of valuation are compared.

Business valuation of micro trading company LIPOVICA trade s.r.o; main business activity of the company is selling and distribution of aluminum radiators on the markets in the Czech and Slovak republic. The valuation is based on discounted cash flows method, economic value added method, capitalization of profits method and simple liquidation method.

The aim of the diploma thesis is to determine the market value of the company Westvaco Svitavy s. r. o. to the date 31. 12. 2009 for sale to an unknown buyer. In the practical part, after a brief introduction of the company followed by strategic analysis, which results in setting the pace of sales growth. In contrast, financial analysis, assessment of the financial health and stability of society through absolute, ratio, differential and global indicators. Followed by a financial plan, which was worked on between 2009 - 2012. In conclusion, the company is evaluated using two - stage method of discounted cash flow in the version of FCFF. As complementary methods were used financial value and economic value added.