L’acide carnosique (CA) et le carnosol (CARN), deux diterpènes spécifiques des Lamiacées, sont en abondance dans le romarin. Le CA extrait de cette plante est largement utilisé dans l’industrie pour ses propriétés antioxydantes portées par le groupe catéchol. Malgré beaucoup d’applications, les rôles et les modes d'action de ces composés in planta n’ont reçu que peu d’attention. Des analyses par HPLC-UV et imagerie d’autoluminescence révèlent que le CA et le CARN protègent les lipides contre des oxydations in vitro par les ERO. Lors de la préservation des lipides, des analyses de MS indiquent que le CA est oxydé en une variété de dérivés alors que le CARN résiste. L’utilisation d’une sonde de spin et de la spectroscopie RPE montre que le CA est un piégeur chimique des ERO. L’action inhibitrice du CARN sur des oxydations de lipides induites in vitro ou in vivo indique que le CARN interfère avec le processus de peroxydation lipidique. Des études in vivo de deux variétés de romarin contrastées en CA exposées à un stress photooxydant montrent que le CA protège les lipides in planta. Une étude des variations de CA et de CARN en fonctions des facteurs abiotiques met en avant qu’une forte intensité lumineuse et des fluctuations de températures favorisent la réponse antioxydante du CA qui s’oxyde en CARN. Des analyses de RT-qPCR montrent que les facteurs abiotiques ne stimulent pas la voie de biosynthèse du CA. En condition de stress oxydant, le CA du romarin préserve les membranes par piégeage des ERO produisant des dérivés d’oxydation, dont le CARN, qui protègent aussi les membranes en bloquant la réaction en chaîne de la peroxydation lipidique. / Carnosic acid (CA) and carnosol (CARN), two diterpenes specific of the Lamiaceae, are highly abundant in rosemary species. CA extracted from rosemary is used by industries for its antioxidative features, endowed by it catechol group. Despite numerous applications, the role and the mode of action of CA in planta has received little attention. Analyses, using HPLC-UV and luminescence imaging revealed that CA and CARN protect lipids from in vitro oxidation by ROS. Upon ROS oxidation of lipids, MS analyses indicated that CA was oxidized into various derivatives while CARN resisted. Using spin probes and EPR detection, we confirmed that CA, rather than CARN, is a ROS quencher. The inhibitory effect of CARN on lipid peroxidation induced in vitro or in vivo indicated that CARN interferes with lipid peroxidation. In vivo studies of two rosemary varieties contrasted in their CA content exposed to photooxidative stress showed that CA protects lipids in planta. A study of CA and CARN variations in response to abiotic factors showed that high light and temperature fluctuations lead to CA oxidation into CARN. RT-qPCR analyses revealed that abiotic factors do not stimulate CA biosynthesis genes. Under oxidative stress condition, rosemary CA preserves biological membranes by ROS scavenging, hence producing a set of oxidative derivatives, including CARN, which protect biological membranes by blocking the lipid peroxidation chain reaction.

Les travaux de thèse présentés dans ce manuscrit portent sur l’étude chimique de plantes du genre Psiadia. Trois axes de recherche ont été menés parallèlement à savoir (1) une étude chimiotaxonomique à partir de 11 espèces du genre Psiadia endémiques de La Réunion, (2) un criblage biologique réalisé sur 16 espèces du genre Psiadia dont 11 endémiques de La Réunion et 5 endémiques de Maurice et (3) une étude phytochimique ciblée sur l’espèce Psiadia arguta endémique de Maurice. Le premier axe comportant l'étude chimiotaxonomique menée par une approche métabolomique avait pour objectif d'identifier des marqueurs chimiotaxonomiques. Cette étude a été effectuée à partir des analyses CG-SM et CG-DIF des composés volatils et des analyses RMN 1H des composés non volatils de 11 espèces endémiques de La Réunion récoltées sur différents lieux géographiques et au cours des saisons estivale et hivernale. Une analyse intra-espèce a permis d'étudier la variabilité saisonnière et/ou géographique de la composition chimique de chaque espèce. Une analyse inter-espèces a conduit à deux classifications différentes des 11 espèces selon leur composition en métabolites volatils et non volatils. Le deuxième axe avait pour objectif d'identifier parmi 11 espèces du genre Psiadia endémiques de La Réunion et 5 espèces endémiques de Maurice, les espèces présentant une ou des activités biologiques prometteuses. Les cibles biologiques choisies ont été le parasite Plasmodium falciparum responsable du paludisme, la lignée cellulaire humaine cancéreuse HeLa responsable du cancer du col de l'utérus et l'enzyme HRP (Horseradish peroxydase) intervenant dans la réponse inflammatoire. À l'issue de ce criblage, 5 espèces se sont révélées prometteuses : les espèces réunionnaises P. amygdalina et P. anchusifolia et les espèces mauriciennes P. arguta et P. lithospermifolia pour l'activité antiplasmodiale, ainsi que l'espèce réunionnaise P. dentata pour les trois activités testées. Le troisième axe consacré à une étude phytochimique de P. arguta réalisée par un fractionnement bioguidé de l'extrait brut a conduit à l'isolement et à l'identification de 16 terpénoïdes : 2 triterpènes et 14 diterpènes de structure labdane dont 4 sont de structure nouvelle. Cinq diterpènes se sont révélés particulièrement actifs contre le parasite P. falciparum : l'acétate de labda-13(E)-en-8α-ol-15-yle, l'acétate de labdan-8α-ol-15-yle, le 13-épi-sclaréol, le labda-13(E)-ène-8α,15-diol et le (8R,13S)-labdane-8,15-diol. Par ailleurs, une étude métabolomique menée par RMN 1H sur des plantules de P. arguta cultivées in vitro et acclimatées a permis l'étude des facteurs influençant la production de ces composés bioactifs. / The present work describes the chemical composition of the plant genus Psiadia and focuses on three research topics: (1) a chemotaxonomic study of 11 species endemic to Reunion island, (2) a biological screening of 16 Psiadia species among which 11 are endemic to Reunion and 5 are endemic to Mauritius and (3) a phytochemical investigation of Psiadia arguta, endemic to Mauritius. The aim of the chemotaxonomic study was to identify chemical markers by a metabolomic approach using GC-MS and GC-FID for volatiles compounds and 1H NMR for non-volatiles compounds. The 11 studied species were harvested in different locations and seasons in order to analyze the seasonal or geographical variability of the chemical profile of each species. This study led to two classifications of the 11 species in terms of the composition of volatiles and non-volatiles compounds. The objective of the second research topic was to identify within 11 species endemic to Reunion island and 5 species endemic to Mauritius, the most active species for the biological activities tested. The targeted activities were antiplasmodial against Plasmodium falciparum, anticancer against the human cancer cell lines HeLa and anti-inflammatory through the inhibition of the enzyme HRP (Horseradish Peroxidase). Four species, P. amygdalina and P. anchusifolia, endemic to Reunion, and P. arguta and P. lithospermifolia, endemic to Mauritius, were particularly active against P. falciparum. Besides, P. dentata (endemic to Reunion) displayed interesting antiplasmodial, anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities. The third research topic was devoted to a phytochemical investigation of P. arguta by a bioguided fractionation and led to purification and identification of 16 terpenoids: 2 triterpenes and 4 diterpenes including 4 new compounds. The evaluation of the antiplasmodial activity of all isolated compounds allowed to highlight activities of five diterpenes: labda-13(E)-en-8α-ol-15-yle acetate, labdan-8α-ol-15-yle acetate, 13-epi-sclareol, labda-13(E)-ene-8α,15-diol and (8R,13S)-labdane-8,15-diol. Furthermore, in order to identify factors influencing the production of bioactive compounds, P. arguta has been multiplicated using in vitro culture techniques and micropropagated plants were acclimatized.

Employing a chiral pool strategy, enantiospecific syntheses of di- and triquinanes have been accomplished. α-Campholenaldehyde 95, readily available from the abundantly available monoterpene α-pinene 94, has been utilised as the chiral starting material. To begin with, enantiospecific synthesis of the diquinane 134 has been developed employing Nazarov cyclisation of the cross-conjugated dienone 132 as the key reaction (Scheme 37).71 Synthesis of the dienone 132 was accomplished by selenium dioxide mediated oxidation of the olefinic methyl group in α-campholenyl methyl ether 130, followed by further elaboration of the resultant aldehyde 131. OMe P2O5 MsOH The Nazarov cyclisation strategy has been further extended, as depicted in Scheme 38, for the synthesis of the triquinane enones 145 and 146 via the cross conjugated enone 144.71 The dienone 144 was obtained from the diquinane 136, which is readily available from campholenaldehyde 95 via an intramolecular rhodium carbenoid CH insertion reaction. Of the three methyl groups in campholenaldehyde 95, the olefinic methyl group can easily be functionalised, for example, via allylic oxidation. However, the remaining two tertiary methyl groups are difficult to functionalise, and there is no report in the literature on the utility of these two gem dimethyl groups either for functionalisation or for further elaboration, and remained only as gem dimethyl group in the products. It was conceived that it could be possible to utilise the tertiary methyl carbon for the ring construction via an intramolecular rhodium carbenoid γ-CH insertion reaction. To test the hypothesis, campho¬lenaldehyde 95 was converted into the diazoketone 165. Treatment of the diazoketone 165 with a catalytic amount of rhodium acetate furnished the diquinane 166, via a highly regio-and stereoselective insertion of the intermediate rhodium carbenoid in the CH bond of the tertiary methyl group, which is located cis with respect to the diazoketone, Scheme 39.72 As an application of the Nazarov cyclisation mediated synthesis of the diquinane 134, enantiospecific synthesis of the analogues of capnellenes, ABC and ABD ring systems of aberraranes have been carried out. A methyl cuprate reaction on the enone 134 generated the key intermediate, the ketone 169. A ring-closing metathesis (RCM) based cyclo¬pentannulation has transformed the diquinane 169 into the analogue of capnellene 175, as well as the analogue 197 of the ABC ring system of aberrarane. On the other hand, a Wacker reaction-intramolecular aldol condensation based spirocyclohexannulation transformed the diquinane 169 into an analogue 201 of the ABD ring system of aberrarane, Scheme 40.73 Finally, degradation of the two additional carbon atoms present on the A-ring furnished the ABC and ABD ring systems 235 and 238 of aberrarane, Scheme 41.(For structural formula pl refer the abstract pdf file)

This work describes the isolation and structural elucidation of some chemical constituents as well as antioxidant, anticholinesterasic and skin anti-inflammatory activities of extracts and some of the isolated compounds from Coutarea hexandra (Jacq.) K. Schum. (Rubiaceae). In the antioxidant assays, extracts from roots and leaves, when compared to positive controls used, free scavenger radical and inhibited the formation of peroxide of the linoleic acid. In the anticholinesterase and anti-inflammatory assays, at 0.6 mg/ear, some extracts from roots were effective in inhibiting the effects of the anticholinesterase enzyme and the formation of ear edema. The phytochemical investigation of some active extracts from roots resulted in the isolation of three phytosteroids (sitosterol, stigmasterol and sitostenone), a diterpene (2β,3α-dihydroxy-11-oxo-ros-5-ene), two triterpenes (2β,3α-dihydroxy-11,16-dioxo- 5-ene-octanor-cucurbitacin and 23,24-diidrocucurbitacin F 25-acetate) and five 4-phenylcoumarin derivatives [5,7,8-trimethoxy-4-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)coumarin, 5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-4-(p-hydroxyphenyl)-coumarin, 5,7,8-trimethoxy-4-(p-methoxyphenyl)coumarin, 5,7-dimethoxy-4-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)coumarin,and 5,7-dimethoxy-4-(p-methoxyphenyl) coumarin]. These compounds had their structures elucidated based on their NMR spectral data and by comparison with literature data. Among isolated compounds, 2β,3α-dihydroxy-11,16-dioxo-5-ene-octanorcucurbitacin and 2β,3α-dihydroxy-11-oxo-ros-5-ene are being reported for the first time; 5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-4-(p-hydroxyphenyl)coumarin are being described for the first time as natural product and 5,7,8-trimethoxy-4-(3,4-dihydroxy-phenyl)coumarin occur for the first time in the Coutarea genus. In the anti-inflammatory assays, 5,7-dimethoxy-4-(pmethoxyphenyl) coumarin, 5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-4-(p-hydroxyphenyl) coumarin, 5,7-dimethoxy-4-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxy-phenyl)coumarin and 23,24-dihydro-cucurbitacin F 25-acetate, at 0.6 mg/ear, inhibited the edema by 35, 67, 19 and 30%, respectively. In the DPPH assays, 5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-4-(p-hydroxyphenyl)coumarin (43.70 0.21 μg/mL) and 5,7,8-trimethoxy- 4-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)coumarin (20.85 0.53 μg/mL) free scavenger radical with IC50 values comparable to ascorbic acid and gallic acid, respectively. In the anticholinesterase assays, 2β,3α-dihydroxy-11-oxo-ros-5-ene showed inhibition of this enzyme. / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / O presente trabalho descreve o isolamento e a elucidação estrutural de alguns constituintes químicos, bem como das atividades antioxidante, anticolinesterásica e antiinflamatória cutânea de extratos das raízes, folhas e cascas do caule de Coutarea hexandra (Jacq.) K. Schum. (Rubiaceae), bem como de algumas das substâncias isoladas. Nos ensaios para avaliar atividade antioxidante, extratos das raízes e folhas forneceram os melhores resultados e alguns dos extratos das raízes foram eficazes em inibir o efeito da enzima acetilcolinesterase e a formação do edema de orelha induzido pelo óleo de cróton, na concentração de 0,6 mg/orelha. A investigação fitoquímica efetuada com extratos das raízes resultou na obtenção de três fitoesteróides (sitosterol, estigmasterol e sitostenona), dois triterpenos (2β,3α-dihidroxi-11,16-dioxo-5-eno-octanorcucurbitacina e 25-acetato da 23,24-diidrocucurbitacina F), um diterpeno (2β,3α-diidroxi-11-oxo-ros-5-eno) e cinco derivados 4-fenilcumarínicos [5-hidroxi-7-metoxi-4-(p-hidroxifenil)cumarina, 5,7,8-trimetoxi-4-(pmetoxifenil) cumarina, 5,7-dimetoxi-4-(3-hidroxi-4-metoxifenil)cumarina, 5,7-dimetoxi-4-(pmetoxifenil) cumarina e 5,7,8-trimetoxi-4-(3,4-dihidroxifenil) cumarina]. Estes compostos tiveram suas estruturas elucidadas com base na análise dos dados de RMN e pela comparação com dados da literatura. Dentre as substâncias isoladas, o triterpeno 2β,3α-diidroxi-11,16-dioxo-5-eno-octanorcucurbitacina e o diterpeno 2β,3α-diidroxi-11-oxo-ros-5-eno estão sendo relatados pela primeira vez; a 5-hidroxi-7-metoxi-4-(p-hidroxifenil)cumarina está sendo descrita pela primeira vez como produto natural e a 5,7,8-trimetoxi-4-(3,4-diidroxifenil) cumarina ocorre pela primeira vez no gênero Coutarea. Nos ensaios antiinflamatórios, as substâncias 5,7-dimetoxi-4-(p-metoxifenil)cumarina, 5-hidroxi-7-metoxi-4-(p-hidroxifenil)cumarina e 25-acetato de 23,24-diidrocucurbitacina F inibiram o edema por cerca de 35, 67 e 30%, respectivamente. Nos ensaios frente ao DPPH, tanto a 5-hidroxi-7-metoxi-4-(p-hidroxifenil)cumarina (43,70 0,21 μg/mL) quanto a 5,7,8-trimetoxi-4-(3,4-diidroxifenil)cumarina (20,85 0,53 μg/mL) seqüestraram radicais livres com valores de CI50 comparáveis aos do ácido ascórbico e do ácido gálico, respectivamente. Nos ensaios anticolinesterásicos, o diterpeno 2β,3α-diidroxi-11-oxo-ros-5-eno inibiu a ação da enzima acetilcolinesterase.

Croton (Euphorbiaceae), é um gênero promissor para pesquisa de compostos bioativos, tanto pela variedade de compostos químicos encontrados, quanto pela diversidade de uso na medicina tradicional/popular. Estudos farmacológicos comprovaram atividades antimicrobianas, antivirais, anti-inflamatórias, antioxidantes e citotóxicas. Neste trabalho, foram obtidos extratos fracionados em Soxhlet (hexano, diclorometano, acetato de etila e metanol) de folhas e caules de C. pallidulus Baill var. pallidulus (Baill.) L.B. Smith & S.F. Smith. Esses extratos foram avaliados quanto às atividades 1) antibacteriana pelo método de microdiluição em caldo, utilizando Staphylococcus aureus - cepas sensível e resistente à vancomicina, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli e Salmonella choleraesuis; 2) antioxidante (sequestro do radical livre DPPH); e quanto à toxicidade frente à Artemia salina. A fração mais ativa neste último ensaio foi selecionada para a avaliação da atividade citotóxica utilizando as células de sarcoma uterino humano. Os fenóis totais, e flavonóis e flavonas totais foram quantificados por métodos colorimétricos. O fracionamento dos extratos hexânico e diclorometânico foi feito por cromatografia em coluna de sílica, enquanto o dos extratos de acetato de etila e metanol, em coluna de PVPP. O isolamento das substâncias das frações ativas nos ensaios de atividade antibacteriana (S. aureus - sensível) e de toxicidade frente à A. salina foi realizado por CLAE semipreparativo. O teor de fenóis totais de C. pallidulus var. pallidulus foi de 1,95 g EAG/100g MS e de flavonóis e flavonas totais foi de 0,56 g EQ/100g MS. Todos os extratos apresentaram atividade contra S. aureus (sensível e resistente), com CBM de 2048 mg/L, exceto o extrato metanólico que apresentou atividade apenas contra S. aureus (sensível). Nenhum extrato apresentou atividade contra as demais cepas. As frações FH-5A - hexano (CBM de 256mg/L) e FA-7 - acetato de etila (CBM de 1024mg/L) foram as que apresentaram maior atividade antibacteriana. A fração FH-5A foi separada em coluna de sílica, e suas subfrações apresentaram atividades antibacterianas menores que a fração que lhe deu origem. Das sete substâncias majoritárias isoladas da fração FA-7, nenhuma apresentou atividade antibacteriana. Seis delas são flavonoides: três C-glicosídeos de apigenina, um O-glucosídeo de campferol, um O-galactosídeo de isoramnetina e um O-rutinosídeo de isoraminetina. Apenas o extrato diclorometânico apresentou atividade no ensaio de toxicidade frente à A. salina, com CL50 de 385mg/L. A fração com maior toxicidade foi a FD-4A, com CL50 de 101mg/L. As substâncias mais abundantes nesta fração foram isoladas e identificadas como 8,9-secocauranos, derivados da kongensina F. Quanto a atividade citotóxica, a atividade de FD-4A foi três vezes maior que a atividade do extrato diclorometânico. Os extratos de acetato de etila e de metanol apresentaram os maiores valores de atividade antioxidante: 12,11 e 11,77 gEQ/100g, respectivamente. Verificou-se que os flavonoides foram as substâncias fenólicas que mais influenciaram na atividade antioxidante das frações dos extratos de acetato de etila e de metanol. Com esses resultados verifica-se que C. pallidulus var. pallidulus possui ação antibacteriana, citotóxica e antioxidante, sendo uma potencial fonte para novos fármacos para tratamento de doenças infecciosas e câncer. Conseguiu-se também isolar três 8,9-secocauranos, derivados da kongensina F, que aparentemente não haviam ainda sido descritos / Croton (Euphorbiaceae), is a promising genre for investigation of bioactive compounds, both for the variety of compouds, as for the diversity of use in traditional medicine. Pharmacological studies have demonstrated antimicrobial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic, and antioxidant activities. In this study, fractionated extracts of leaves and stems of C. pallidulus Baill var. pallidulus (Baill.) L.B. S.F. Smith & Smith were obtained throught Soxhlet (hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and methanol). The following activities of these extracts were tested: 1) antibacterial activity, through microbroth dilution assay using: Staphylococcus aureus - sensitive and vancomycin-resistant strains, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Salmonella choleraesuis; 2) antioxidant activity (free radical DPPH scavenging) and Artemia salina toxicity evaluation. The most active fraction in the latter test was selected to evaluate the cytotoxic activity using human uterine sarcoma cells. The total phenols, and total flavonols and flavones were quantified by colorimetric methods. The fractionation of hexane and dichloromethane extracts was done through silica column chromatography, while PVPP column was used for the ethyl acetate and methanol extracts. The isolation of the active fractions major compounds in the antibacterial activity (S. aureus - sensitive) and A. saline toxicity assays were performed by semipreparative HPLC. The total phenolic content of C. pallidulus var. pallidulus was 1.95 g GAE/100g DM and total flavonols and flavones was 0.56 g QE/100g MS. All extracts showed activity against S. aureus (sensitive and resistant), with MBC of 2048 mg/L, except for the methanol extract, which showed activity only against S. aureus (sensitive). Extracts showed no activity against the other strains. Fractions FH-5A-hexane (MBC: 256mg/L) and FA-7-ethyl acetate (MBC: 1024mg/L) showed the highest antibacterial activity. The fraction FH-5A was separated on a silica column, and its subfractions showed smaller antibacterial activity than FH-5A. The seven major compounds isolated from the FA-7 fraction, showed no antibacterial activity. Six of them are flavonoids, three apigenin C-glycosides, one kaempferol O-glucoside, one isorhamnetin O-galactoside and one isorhamnetin O-rutinoside. Only the dichloromethane extract showed activity in the A. salina toxicity assay, LC50: 385mg/L. The fraction with the highest toxicity was the FD-4A, LC50: 101mg/L. The most abundant substances in this fraction were isolated and identified as 8,9 - secokauranes derived from kongensin F. As for the cytotoxic activity, the FD-4A activity was three times higher than the dichloromethane extract activity. The extracts of ethyl acetate and methanol showed the highest antioxidant activity: 12.11 and 11.77 gQE/100g, respectively. It was observed that flavonoids were the phenolic substances that most influenced the antioxidant activity of the fractions of the ethyl acetate and methanol extracts. With these results we suggest that C. pallidulus var. pallidulus has antibacterial activity, cytotoxic and antioxidant properties, being a potential source of new drugs for treatment of infectious diseases and cancer. We also isolated three 8,9-secokauranes derived from kongensin F, which apparently had not been described yet

Kaffee ist seit vielen Jahren das beliebteste Getränk der Deutschen. Im Handel wird Kaffee auf mannigfaltige Art angeboten z.B. als Röstkaffee, Instantkaffee oder auch als Bestandteil von anderen Getränken. Eingesetzt werden fast ausschließlich die Kaffee Arten Coffea arabica und Coffea canephora var. Robusta, dabei wird Arabica Kaffee fast doppelt so teuer gehandelt wie Robusta-Kaffee. Werden Kaffees als „100 % Arabica“ ausgelobt, so sollten auch solche Bohnen zu 100 % enthalten sein. Mit dieser Dissertation ist es gelungen, erstmalig mit einer Schnellmethode Robustazumischungen zu Arabica-Kaffee über die 16 OMC Ester zu bestimmen. Außerdem konnte die Analytik der schwierigen Matrix Instantkaffee wesentlich verbessert werden. Weiterhin konnte gezeigt werden, dass durch die Veränderungen der Einstellungen an einem Kaffeeautomaten die Cafestolgehalte im Espresso drastisch reduziert werden können und so das Risiko deutlich minimiert wird, an koronaren Herzerkrankungen zu erkranken. Weiterhin wurde die Sterolfraktion von Roh und Röstkaffees untersucht, dabei wurden erstmalig Sterolglucoside für Kaffee beschrieben. In einem weiteren Abschnitt wurden Milchmischgetränke mit Kaffeezusatz untersucht, um den wertgebenden Inhaltsstoff Kaffee zu quantifizieren.

CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgico / Xylopia nitida and Xylopia sericea are commonly known as âembira-brancaâ and âpimenta do sertÃoâ, respectively, belonging to Annonaceae family. The chromatographic analysis of X. nitida roots allowed isolation of a trachlyobane diterpene, ent-trachlyoban-18,19-diol and its acetylated product, ent-18,19-diacetoxy-trachylobane, a kaurene diterpene, ent-kaur-16-en-18,19-diol, two aporphinic alkaloids, 5,6,6a,7-tetrahydro-1-methoxy-(6aS)-4H-benzo[de][1,3]benzodioxolo[5,6-g]quinoline e xylopine, and a glucoside, named 1-O-ethyl-β-D-glucopiranose. Also using chromatographic analysis of X. sericea fruits were obtained a kaurane diterpene, kauran-16β-ol and a diterpenes mixture, ent-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid and beyer-15-19-oic acid. The structures of these compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic studies (IR, MS and NMR). In the second part of this work, has been showed the diffusion-ordered spectroscopy (DOSY) as a powerful tool in natural product mixture analysis. The assignment of NMR signals to specific components in a mixture is a challenging task. DOSY has provided important progress in this area, allowing the signals originating from individual components of different molecular sizes to be distinguished. However, when the sizes of the compounds are similar and/or the spectra are overlapped, signal assignment can easily become intractable. The use of a co-solute in a matrix-assisted DOSY (MAD) experiment can be a useful solution, improving diffusional (and sometimes spectral) resolution by exploiting selective binding to the matrix. The challenge is to apply MAD to molecules with high structural similarity, for example in natural product mixtures. Various surfactants, including SDS, AOT and CTAB have previously been shown to be effective in MAD analysis. Here we present an important addition, the Brij family of nonionic surfactants. We demonstrate the use of Brij micelles and other systems in mixed solvents with a variety of mixtures relevant to natural products. / Xylopia nitida e X. sericea, conhecidas popularmente como embira-branca e pimenta do sertÃo, respectivamente, sÃo espÃcies pertencentes à famÃlia Annonaceae. A anÃlise cromatogrÃfica dos extratos hexÃnico e etanÃlico das raÃzes de X. nitida possibilitou o isolamento de um diterpeno de esqueleto traquilobano, ent-traquiloban-18,19-diol e seu derivado acetilado, ent-18,19-diacetÃxi-traquilobano, um diterpeno de esqueleto caureno, ent-caur-16-en-18,19-diol, dois alcalÃides aporfÃnicos, 5,6,6a,7-tetraidro-1-metoxi-(6aS)-4H-benzo[de][1,3]benzodioxolo[5,6-g]quinolina e xylopina e um glicosÃdeo, 1-O-etil-β-D-glicopiranose, todos de carÃter inÃdito na literatura, exceto os dois Ãltimos. AtravÃs da anÃlise cromatogrÃfica do extrato hexÃnico dos frutos de X. sericea foi possÃvel obter um diterpeno de esqueleto caurano denominado cauran-16β-ol e uma mistura de diterpenos, Ãcido ent-caur-16-en-19-Ãico e Ãcido beier-15-en-19-Ãico. O isolamento dos constituintes quÃmicos presentes nos extratos da raiz e frutos de X. nitida e X. sericea, respectivamente, foi realizada por mÃtodos cromatogrÃficos convencionais e a determinaÃÃo estrutural das substÃncias isoladas foi realizada a partir de mÃtodos espectromÃtricos como: IV, EM, RMN 1H, 13C e DEPT 135 incluindo tÃcnicas bidimensionais como, COSY, HSQC e HMBC. A primeira parte deste trabalho relata o estudo quÃmico das raÃzes de X. nitida e dos frutos de X. sericea. A espectroscopia ordenada por difusÃo ou DOSY (Diffusion Ordered Spectroscopy) provà um meio para uma âseparaÃÃo virtualâ de compostos, atravÃs de um mapa bidimensional onde em um eixo temos o deslocamento quÃmico e em outro observamos o coeficiente de difusÃo (D) das molÃculas na mistura. A separaÃÃo de sinais somente à possÃvel quando espÃcies difundem a diferentes velocidades. Na quÃmica de produtos naturais, frequentemente nos deparamos com misturas de compostos quimicamente semelhantes e de tamanhos muito similares, o que torna limitado o experimento DOSY tradicional. Entretanto, o coeficiente de difusÃo das substÃncias pode ser modificado pela adiÃÃo de co-solutos e/ou co-solventes, surgindo a partir daà a espectroscopia ordenada por difusÃo assistida por matriz (matrix-assisted DOSY ou MAD). VÃrios surfactantes, incluindo SDS, AOT e CTAB tÃm se mostrado efetivos em anÃlises por MAD. Neste trabalho, experimentos MAD foram realizados com algumas misturas de produtos naturais com similaridades estruturais utilizando o Ãcido perfluoro-octanÃico (PFOA), polivinilpirrolidona (PVP) e os surfactantes Brij 78 e 98, que por sua vez, ainda nÃo haviam sido utilizados para esse propÃsito. NÃs tambÃm demonstramos a formaÃÃo de micelas de Brij 78 e 98 em misturas dos solventes DMSO-d6 e D2O.