This work is focused on the incidence of mastitis in three selected breeds with different reckoned milking. Breeds are a free stall and no litter technology. Resting boxes are lined with plastic litter. The authors compared the effects of milkings per day on the incidence of mastitis.

The objective of the dissertation thesis was to evaluate the effects of two different types of milking systems (CMS - conventional milking system vs. AMS - an automatic milking system) on average daily milk yield, on frequency of attending robots, on pre-milking teat preparation procedures and stimulation and milking time, on the teats traumatization of Holstein cows. The experiments were performed in two locations: Žabčice School Farm of Mendel University in Brno and ZEMAX, a. s. in Šitbořice. Data was collected for a period 1st January 2014 to 15th December 2015. Higher average milk yield per day and lower milk yield per milking on the other hand on the farm with AMS were caused by a higher frequency of milking. Cows on farm with CMS were milked twice a day. On the farm with AMS dairy cows were milked in accordance with their own needs. Milking frequency in the AMS was in 2014 2.47, in 2015 2.88 per day. Heat stress has negative impacts on milk production. Effect of heat stress showed more markedly in 2015, which is probably related to the fact that the value of THI greater than 80 lasted longer. The length of pre-milking teat preparation procedures and stimulation various neighborhoods was found in AMS in 2014 from 0:13 min. to 0:16 min., in 2015 from 0:14 min. to 0:19 min. On farm with CMS time not be registered. The length of milking time with CMS in both years was 5:02 min. In AMS was in 2014 from 3:03 minutes to 3:53 min., in 2015 from 3:05 min. to 4:45 minutes. In process of milking machine teat traumatization were smaller when using AMS.

The aim of the thesis was to clarify the influence of the number of visits of dairy cows in the robotic milking systems on milk yield parameters. An annual observation was carried out for this purpose (November 2017 to October 2018). A total of 729 dairy cows (cases) were evaluated. Among the parameters of milk yield were mainly daily milk yield (kg of milk), number of lactation, lactation phase (days in milk). Furthermore, the influence of temperature in the stable (° C) on the frequency of dairy cows' visits in the robotized milking system was evaluated. There was a highly statisticaly significant effect of the number of successful dairy cow visits in milking robot on the lactation phase, daily milk yieldand fat and protein content of milk (p <0.01). It was found, that with the increasing frequency of dairy cow visits during the day (n = 1 to n = 5), the average daily milk yield of these cows increases (from 18.3 to 48.4 kg of milk), while the fat content and protein decreased (from 4.53 to 3.84%, from 3.59 to 3.40% respectively). Furthermore, it was found that dairy cows with a lower lactation phase had a higher frequency of visits (from 189 days to 25.8 days). Further, a certain trend was observed where higher frequency of visits was found in older cows and lower frequency of visits in young cows (p> 0.05). Furthermore, it was found that the air temperature in the stable did not affect both the overall visit rate of the milking robot and the number of successful or unsuccessful visits (p> 0.05).

The theme of this diploma paper is The technical aspects of robotic milking. This work has been written to provide an overview of the technologies used in robotic milking. In the first part there is a description of the general problems of cattle raising. In subsequent chapters of the work there is a technical description of the selected machine parts used during milking. The next part of this work is made of chapters which deal with the history of robotic milking, introduction of individual manufacturers and technologies used by these producers. Then, these technologies are evaluated in terms of the economic costs of their usage and their technical differences. In the conclusion, there are presented some novelties in the field of robotic milking , coming on the market in the next few years.

The aim of thesis was to analyze quality indicators of raw bulk milk close to change of milking technology. Data were derived from pool samples. The quality indicators are: fat content, protein content, total bacterial count (TBC), somatic cell count (SCC), freezing point, solids-not-fat content, urea and casein content.

The object of this thesis was to assess the influence of robotic milking machines on the production and quality of milk in a herdof Czech Mottled Simmental cattle at a family farm Suchý during the period from January 2014 to December 2015. The hypothesis: Robotic milking worsensre productive performance of cows and aggravates diseases of the limbs. When evaluating the milk yield and reproductive performance of dairy cows in individual years, the data necesery was obtained from the control documentation of processed during regular yield assessments, carried out by Natural spol. s.r.o and the data selected from Analysis of a Herd Registered in a Herd-book of Czech Mottled Simmental Cattle, drawn up by the Czech-Moravian Breeders Association a.s. The statistical evaluation was processed and analysed by using Microsoft Office Excel and a statistical programme SAS 9.3 (SAS/STAT 9.3, 2011). In respekt of the influence of order of lactation, it was found that some indicator shave a strong influence. As fortheherd A as well as herd B, a positive correlation between the sequence of lactation and milk production in kg (r= 0,123 herd A, r= 0,289 herd B; at a significance level of p<0.001). In herd A the milk production was higher than in the second and subsequent lactations by 1,165 kg compared with the first lactation (6,835kg). In a herd milked by a robot the production of milk was significantly higher than in the second lactation, and that by 2,221kg (7,285kg). Another positive correlation was found between thes equence of lactation and the number of somatic cells (r= 0.556 herd A, and r= 0,669 herd B and on the level of signifikance of p<0,001). In the originál herd quantities of somatic cells were measure dagainst the second and higher lactation, and that 388 x 1000/ ml. The same result has beenals of fortheherd B with a milking robot. The higher number of somatic cells was retraced in the second and higher lactation (282 x 1000/ ml); that means a lower value by 138 x 1000/ ml in comparison to the first lactation. When viewing the influence of the order of lactation on qualitative indicators, negative correlation wasestablished only in respekt of fat and lactose content. After the evaluation of influence of the number of lactation days, a positive influence was found on the production of milk in kg (r= 0,923 herd A, and r= 0,885 herd B at a signifikance level of p<0.001). In both herdst hehighest performance wase stablishe dat the peak of lactation (24,6 kg forherd A and 27,19, kg forherd B). It was alsonoted that thereis a positive effect of lactation days on the protein content in milk (r= 0,253 forherd A and r= 0,100 forherd B on a level of signifikance of p<0.001). The highest percentage of protein was present in the originál herd A (3,385%) as well as in the robotisedherd B (3,365%) in the first lactationphase 1- 40 days. Contrariwise, number of lactation days has a negative effect on the kontent of fat, lactose and somatic cells in the milk. In this thesis reproductive indicators were also evaluated. In robotised herd the repre found better values in the interim period, service period and during gestation period of cows after 1st insemination. In contrast with stalls with tandem milking, better results of conceiving of heifers after 1st insemination were achieved as well as conceiving of heifer after all inseminations, the insemination index and the percentage of conceptions of cows after all inseminations. The above results indicate that the hypothesis cannot be fully confirmed or refuted. That part of the hypothesis, which assumes that robotic milking worsens the health condition of the limbscan be confirmed. But the second part of the hypothesis, deterioration of reproductive performance cannot be confirmed. For most of the reproductive performance indicators of there was signifiant improvement in milking using the robot.

This thesis was focused on measuring changes in surface temperature of the udder using infrared thermography. At the beginning, work dealt with the anatomy of the mammary gland, disease of the udder, milking machine and structure of milking ma-chine. The practical part was focused on infrared thermography and its use and an attempt was made, which examined the impact of the milking machine to the udder and teats temperature using an infrared camera. The experiment was made in the farm Petrkov on breed cows Jersey cattle, Czech fleckvieh cattle and Holstein cattle. Finally, of this work discusses the influence of the milking machine to the udder temperature.

If we require higher yields from dairy cows, we have to provide them with good living conditions. It is necessary to know their natural behaviour and give them a chance to show it. One of the possibilities to make better living conditions to dairy cows seems to be an introduction of the automatic milking system to cowshed. The aim of this diploma thesis is to evaluate basic behaviour of dairy cows during all day in two cowsheds with automatic milking system, and to create a data file of dairy cows in two cowsheds with breeding of two different kinds of cattle - Czech Spotted cattle and Holstein dairy cows, and two different automatic milking systems ? Lely Astronaut and DeLaval. The results were evaluated by particular applicative statistics methods and the differences between the breeds and types of robots were compared. The thesis concerns three ethological observations in 2010 and 2011 which took place in Agricultural Cooperative Kluky near Písek, where Holstein dairy cows is bred and automatic milking system Lely Astronaut is used, and also three ethological observations in 2009 on a family farm in Chlumeček near Křemže, where Czech Spotted cattle is bred and automatic system DeLaval is used. The Holstein dairy cows spent feeding from 3,4 to 3,9 hours per day and Czech Spotted cattle spent feeding from 5,6 to 6,3 hours per day during all observation. In category standing were included: plain standing, standing with other activities (standing ? drinking, standing ? urinating, standing ? defecating, standing ? comfort behavior) and milking in robot. The Holstein dairy cows and Czech Spotted cattle spent standing from 5,6 to 6,3 hours per day. In the category of lying, significant differences were found. The Holstein dairy cows spent lying from 14,1 to 15 hours per day. The Czech Spotted cattle spent lying from 11,6 to 12 hours per day. Last observed category was moving. The Holstein dairy cows spent moving 0,4 hours per day and the Czech Spotted cattle spent moving from 0,9 to 1,1 hours per day. The quantity of milk of Holstein dairy cows per lactation was 6701 kg in average with quantity of protein 229,694 kg with content of 3,375%. The quantity of milk of Czech Spotted cattle was 4690 kg with quantity of protein 159,33 kg. The length of insemination interval of Holstein dairy cows was 71,35 days in average and service period was 159,97 days in average. The length of insemination interval of Czech Spotted cattle was 130,49 days in average and service period was 159,97 days in average. The data was processed with the help of Microsoft Excel and Statistica 10.

The aim of this thesis was to analyze the influence of milking period on the inten-sity of lying behaviour of dairy cows kept in boxes. An ethological observation was carried out at the agricultural company GenAgro Říčany corp. on the breeding of Czech fleckvieh cattle. I mainly observed the intensity of the average time of lying in a boxing bed after dairy cows arrival from a milking house, depending on milking time. I have elaborated a literature review and also worked out a methodology on this issue. I have found out that the intensity and the time of lying were above all influenced by seasons and the age, or rather by the order of lactation of the monitored dairy cows, when the longest time to lie took dairy cows during the first lactation. The biggest number of dairy cows lying was during warm months ( July, 122 pcs ), but in a longer interval ( May, 43.6 minutes ) than cows during cold months ( November, 87 pcs ) when more dairy cows were lying, but faster ( November, 32.9 minutes). The fastest cows were lying into the row 1, closest to the feed table, at the average time of 37.8 minutes and most slowly to the row 3, closest to peripheral walls, 42.2 minutes on average. The influence of a particular lactation stage was very slight, the dairy cows above 301 days of lactation lay a little faster ( 38.0 minutes ) in comparison to the ones up to 100 days ( 39.1 minutes ).

The theme of this thesis is to compare free housing with a milking robot, milking of serious housing in the pipeline. The evaluation is focused on milk yield and its quality, reproductive performance and health. It is also monitored by the free choice of milking cows during the day. Consideration is also observed in stable microclimate. Everything is assessed under operational conditions. Object of study is a refurbished barn, where both systems are in operation. Were measured and compared observed values of milk production, reproduction and health status between groups. The observed values were evaluated in the program Statistica 9th of a computerized milking robot system was speciaed the period of time when Nada dairy milk provides the most of milk through a robot.. In the area of dairy cattle milking robot reaches a higher milk yield and increasing the percentage of lactose recovery. Milking stalls of the pipeline has better results in the percentage of protein recovery. The choice of time period of milking cows, the most milk by dairy cows wasprovided between 10:00-18:00 pm. In the area of reproduction achieved better results with loose housing milking robot. The issue of health status showed a statistically better health outcomes for the free housing with a milking robot.