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The foraging ecology of double-crested cormorants in Toronto with perspectives on management /Andrews, David Wayne. January 2008 (has links)
Thesis (M.Sc.)--York University, 2008. Graduate Programme in Biology. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 45-51). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:MR45922
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Phylogeography and population genetic structure of double-crested cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus) /Mercer, Dacey M. January 1900 (has links)
Thesis (M.S.)--Oregon State University, 2009. / Printout. Includes bibliographical references. Also available on the World Wide Web.
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Bioenergetics-based predator-prey relationships between piscivorous birds and juvenile salmonids in the Columbia River estuary /Lyons, Donald E. January 1900 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Oregon State University, 2010. / Printout. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 275-310). Also available on the World Wide Web.
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Predation risk of Double-crested Cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus) on commercial catfish production in the Mississippi DeltaChristie, Terrel 13 December 2019 (has links)
Double-crested Cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus) impact United States commercial aquaculture and are considered the greatest avian predators on catfish (Ictalurus spp.) aquaculture facilities in the Mississippi Delta. Recent changes in aquaculture practices, regulatory policies, and decreased overall hectares in production prompted this study that: 1) estimated abundance and distribution of cormorants at their night roosts using aerial surveys, 2) assessed cormorant consumption of catfish in relation to their night roost through cormorant collections and stomach contents analysis, and 3) updated a cormorant bioenergetics model with contemporary data to estimate catfish loss. Models estimated that 4.2 and 5 million cormorant forage days occurred during winters 2016-2018 with an average of 33% of their diet consisting of catfish, or 558.1 and 739.5 metric tons of catfish consumed by cormorants in winters 2016-2018. These results will inform wildlife managers about relationships between cormorant night roost locations and disproportionate consumption of catfish.
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Population characteristics of interior double-crested cormorants breeding across the southern border of OntarioChastant, Jennifer Erin 13 December 2008 (has links)
Interior Double-crested cormorant reproduction was examined on a large geographical scale to evaluate management actions. Three distinct breeding areas across Ontario were selected. Beginning in 2002, over 11,000 preledged cormorants have been marked. During 2006 and 2007, re-observation of banded birds, colony data such as nest, egg, and chick measurements, and island morphology, were collected. Data revealed no significant regional differences in adult size. However, eggs in eastern Lake Ontario (ELO) were larger than North Channel of Lake Huron (NChan) and Lake of the Woods (LOW). Chicks in ELO throughout development were smaller than NChan and LOW. Number of gulls was correlated inversely to cormorant fledge rate. Survival estimates were <20% for young of the year, but increased to >80% after year 2. Elasticity analysis revealed that a 50% reduction in adult survival combined with 100% fecundity reduction would result in a 42% reduction in population growth.
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Intestinal digenetic trematodes found in double-crested cormorant populations in the Mississippi Delta and the potential impact of these parasites on commercial and wild fish species found in this regionO'Hear, Mary McPherson 06 August 2011 (has links)
Double-crested cormorants have steadily increased in the Mississippi Delta. This bird serves as a definitive host for digenetic trematodes, many of which infect fish. To identify these digeneans in cormorants and determine the impact these infections have on wild fish in the Mississippi Delta, two surveys were done. Cormorants were collected for two years in the Mississippi Delta. At necropsy trematodes were collected and identified morphologically and molecularly as: Austrodiplostomum ostrowskiae, Hysteromorpha triloba, Drepanocephalus spathans, Ascocotyle longa and Pseudopsilostoma varium. Additionally, 14 fish species were collected from a Mississippi Delta lake. Fish were examined for parasites and Posthodiplostomum minimum metacercariae were found in multiple organs in 6/14 fish species. The 18S gene sequences of these metacercariae were identical to published P. minimum sequences, whereas the cytochrome oxidase I (COI) sequences matched published COI sequences for Posthodiplostomum sp. 3, 5 and 8, suggesting subspecies of Posthodiplostomum in this fish population.
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Investigations into the Life Cycle of Drepanocephalus Auritus with Notes on the Discovery of a New Snail Host Biomphalaria Havanensis in MississippiAlberson, Neely Rae 11 August 2017 (has links)
Drepanocephalus auritus is a digenetic trematode parasitizing the double-crested cormorant, a piscivorous waterbird often found feeding on catfish aquaculture ponds in Mississippi. The aquatic snail Planorbella trivolvis was the only known intermediate host in Mississippi until a new snail host, Biomphalaria havanensis, was discovered releasing cercariae belonging to North and South American D. auritus haplotypes. In addition, previous work has reported D. auritus metacercariae begin to resolve in channel catfish 7-21 days post-infection. As a result, a 2-year study was undertaken to elucidate the life cycle of D. auritus and identify if channel catfish can serve as a true intermediate host. In year 1, the role of the channel catfish as a true intermediate host was established, as gravid adults were recovered from double-crested cormorants fed parasitized fish. In year 2, each step of the life cycle was completed, and developmental timelines for each life stage were established.
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Piscivorous colonial waterbirds in the Columbia River estuary : demography, dietary contaminants, and managementSuzuki, Yasuko 13 January 2012 (has links)
Caspian terns (Hydroprogne caspia) and double-crested cormorants
(Phalacrocorax auritus) nest in large colonies on East Sand Island in the Columbia
River estuary, the largest known colonies for the two species in the world. Both
species of piscivorous colonial waterbirds have been identified as predators with a
significant impact on the survival of juvenile salmonids (Oncorhynchus spp.) listed
under the U.S. Endangered Species Act. To better understand and address issues
related to seabird-fisheries interactions in the Columbia River estuary, I conducted
studies related to the ecology, conservation, and management of these two species of
piscivorous waterbirds.
I evaluated the demographics and inter-colony movements of Caspian terns
belonging to the Pacific Coast metapopulation, with special emphasis on two breeding
colonies, one on East Sand Island in the Columbia River estuary and the other on
Crescent Island in the mid-Columbia River, based on re-sightings of color-banded
individuals. Apparent annual adult survival at both colonies was high, and age at first
reproduction was greater than previously reported for the species. Colony site
philopatry of breeding adults at both colonies was high; however, some individuals
prospected for breeding colonies over much of the Pacific Coast region and moved to
other colonies over distances of up to 3,000 km. Some terns from the large colony in
the Columbia River estuary responded quickly to the availability of new colony sites
as distant as 550 km from the estuary, and established successful breeding colonies
within less than a year of the new sites becoming available. The Caspian tern colony
on East Sand Island appears to be an important source colony for a number of smaller,
less productive colonies distributed over an extensive area from the Salton Sea,
California to the Copper River Delta, Alaska, an area with limited and ephemeral
nesting opportunities.
Environmental contaminants have been a conservation concern for wildlife in
the Columbia River estuary, especially species that consume fish and are therefore
likely to bioaccumulate persistent organic pollutants. I measured and compared levels
of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in eggs and chicks of Caspian terns and doublecrested
cormorants, as well as their primary prey fish types, at colonies on East Sand
Island and farther up-river. Based on differences in tern and cormorant diet
composition at the various study colonies, higher PCB levels in eggs and chicks were
associated with diets dominated by resident freshwater and estuarine fishes. PCB
levels in prey fish were positively correlated with lipid content; however, PCB levels
in the livers of chicks were negatively correlated with chick fat scores, suggesting that
chick fat reserves are a sink for ingested PCBs. Lower PCB levels in terns and
cormorants from East Sand Island compared to colonies farther up-river reflected diets
with a higher proportion of marine forage fishes at East Sand Island; marine forage
fishes had lower average levels of PCBs than their resident freshwater and estuarine
counterparts.
In order to explore non-destructive techniques for managing nesting colonies
of double-crested cormorants, I evaluated habitat enhancement and social attraction,
two techniques that have proven effective for relocating Caspian tern colonies to sites
where impacts on fish stocks of conservation concern would be minimal. Cormorants
were attracted to nest and successfully raised young at test plots on East Sand Island
and on islands in the estuary with a previous history of cormorant nesting or
unsuccessful nesting attempts. On an island with no history of cormorant nesting or
prospecting, however, no cormorants were attracted to nest. My results suggest that
attraction of nesting cormorants using these techniques is dependent on the previous
history of cormorant nesting or nesting attempts, the frequency and intensity of
disturbance by potential predators, and the presence of breeding cormorants nearby.
While habitat enhancement and social attraction have potential as methods for
redistributing nesting cormorants away from areas where fish stocks of concern are
highly susceptible to predation, successful establishment of new colonies using these
techniques will likely require a focus on sites with a history of cormorant nesting.
Findings from this dissertation raise some concerns over the management of
Caspian tern and double-crested cormorant colonies on East Sand Island in order to redistribute
parts of these colonies to alternative sites and mitigate the impact of those
piscivorous colonial waterbirds on ESA-listed salmonids. East Sand Island has
supported source colonies of piscivorous colonial waterbirds for many smaller
colonies throughout the region and is close to an abundant and relatively
uncontaminated food supply. Also, alternative colony sites that can substitute for East
Sand Island are not readily apparent, especially for double-crested cormorants.
Therefore, management of Caspian tern and double-crested cormorant colonies on
East Sand Island to benefit Columbia Basin salmonids needs to proceed cautiously and
reversibly because of the implications for the region-wide populations of these
piscivorous colonial waterbirds. / Graduation date: 2012
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Fish harvest and replacement of top piscivorous predators in aquatic food webs: implications for restoration and fisheries managementMcGregor, Andrea M Unknown Date
No description available.
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