Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-12T17:21:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 arquivo5983_1.pdf: 449605 bytes, checksum: 2508f2b8b7eb0a3464c288841ed2c43a (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005 / Esta dissertação estuda a indústria do camarão cultivado em cativeiro no Brasil. Esta atividade atingiu na década de 90 a marca 7,3 ton/ha/ano, com estimativas de atingir uma produção superior a 300 mil ton em 2010, gerando uma receita de exportação superior a US$ 1 bilhão conforme Associação Brasileira de Criadores de Camarão (ABCC, 2004). A carcinicultura tornou-se uma atividade geradora de empregos e divisas para o nordeste, detentor de 98% de todo camarão produzido no país, contudo, o Brasil sofreu no ano de 2003 à acusação de dumping dos EUA. Para estudar esses efeitos foi utilizada a teoria de Campos e Vito (2004) sobre impactos econômicos sob produtos acusados de dumping. Com base nessa teoria, foram elaborados quatro cenários que tem como objetivo, determinar possíveis perdas aos criadores de camarão do Brasil. Com isso, foram determinados os possíveis danos em cada fase da acusação de dumping, seus impactos econômicos bem como na geração de emprego conforme Costa e Sampaio (2004). Para isso, foram coletado dados do MDIC, referentes as exportações de camarão do Brasil entre os anos de 1996 a 2004, projetando seu comportamento e tendência para os próximos anos. Dessa forma o estudo observou impactos negativos a acusação de dumping na carcinicultura, nas suas diversas fases do julgamento

Doctor Legum - LLD / Anti-dumping measures, safeguards and countervailing measures are trade remedies within the context of the World Trade Organisation (WTO). More specifically, the imposition of anti-dumping measures is a remedial measure, which may be evoked when dumped imports cause or threaten to cause injury to the domestic market. Article VI of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) defines dumping as a situation where products of one country are introduced into the commerce of another country at less than the normal value of the products, and causes or threatens material injury to an established industry in the territory of a contracting party or materially retards the establishment of a domestic industry. In such a situation, the WTO allows countries to take action, if there is a causal link between injury to the domestic market and dumping. Zimbabwe has been a Member of the GATT since July 1948 and subsequently it became a Member of the WTO in March 1995. It also has anti-dumping legislation since 2002 namely Competition (Anti-Dumping and Countervailing Duty) (Investigation) Regulations, 2002 (Statutory Instrument 266 of 2002). Despite this, dumping remains a challenge in Zimbabwe. Different stakeholders in Zimbabwe have lobbied for anti-dumping laws to be strengthened and applied, to protect the domestic industry from dumped imports. Regardless of the lobbying, the Competition and Tariff Commission (CTC) which is the institution that deals with unfair trade practises in Zimbabwe, has to date not conducted any investigation in dumping. This study ascertains what the shortfalls in Statutory Instrument 266 of 2002 are, and the measures to be taken, to develop a sound framework that paves way for effective anti-dumping regime in Zimbabwe. The study highlights the need for an overhaul in Zimbabwe’s anti-dumping system. This study also engages in a discussion of anti-dumping laws in the European Union (EU) and South Africa, both whom have developed anti-dumping systems, which Zimbabwe can learn from. In addition, EU used to be Zimbabwe’s largest trading partner, but has since been replaced by South Africa.

Nos últimos anos, o Brasil tornou-se um dos maiores peticionários de ações anti-dumping, medidas de defesa comercial que têm por objetivo evitar a discriminação internacional de preços que caracteriza a prática de dumping. Este trabalho avalia os efeitos das ações anti-dumping do país sobre os fluxos de importação originários dos países sujeitos e não sujeitos às suas investigações. Os resultados sugerem que as ações anti-dumping reduziram as importações provenientes dos países investigados (destruição de comércio), mas elevaram as importações provenientes dos países não investigados (desvio de comércio). Contudo, uma análise baseada na decomposição da variável de estudo em unidades e valores unitários revela que o desvio de comércio foi na verdade resultado de uma elevação generalizada dos preços de importação. Portanto, as ações anti-dumping do Brasil demonstraram eficácia tanto em restringir as importações acusadas de dumping quanto em proteger a indústria doméstica. / In the last years, Brazil has become one of the heaviest petitioners of anti-dumping actions, trade defense measures with the objective of avoiding international price discrimination that characterize dumping practice. We evaluate the effects of the country\'s anti-dumping actions on the import flows from countries that were subject to and not subject to investigations. Our findings suggest that anti-dumping duties decreased imports of targeted countries (trade destruction) but increased imports of the non-targeted countries (trade diversion). Yet, an analysis based on the main variable decomposition in units and unit values reveals that trade diversion was actually a result of an overall rise on import prices. Therefore, Brazil\'s anti-dumping actions revealed to be effective both in restricting dumped imports and in protecting the domestic industry.

Abstract Taiwan has won the good name of ¡§the Kingdom of Fasteners¡¨ for years. With the dedication by the whole industry the exporting volume of fasteners products kept significantly growing every year in Taiwan and the production scale has become the leading position worldwide as well. However, due to the unlimited investment along with large expansion of production capacity made in the past decade, the market situation tends to be oversupplied. Price war emerges whenever business gets slow, as a result, the exporting price keeps dropping year by year and Taiwan is likely to be the target of foreign anti-dumping suits. As a matter of fact, Taiwan fastener industry has encountered several anti-dumping suits before. Among all the cases, the European anti-dumping suit on import of stainless steel fasteners has resulted in a considerable impact to the industry that the exporting volume of fasteners products has significantly decreased since 1988 and many companies were forced to seek for other markets, downscale their operation or even move the factories to overseas. The Agreement on Implementation of Article VI of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 1994 exercises multilateral agreement to sanction the dumping activities based on non-discrimination principle and adopts necessary measure to restrict the dumping activities. As a result, to avoid any negative impact caused by the free trade and protect the benefit of local industries, every country is allowed to bring the anti-dumping law into their trading policy. However, we noted from the evolution of the trading policy that the mechanism of protection measure has been shift from tariff barrier to be non-tariff barrier, and from non-tariff barrier to the abuse or misuse of WTO regulation, the discretion of the administration has even become one of the mechanisms. This paper is intended to emphasize the impact to the free trade by anti-dumping measure and the impropriety of the European anti-dumping system. This paper includes six chapters: Chapter 1 - General introduction; Chapter 2 ¡V The development of Taiwan fasteners industry; Chapter 3 ¡V The illustration of the European anti-dumping system and suit case; Chapter 4 ¡V The initial and definitive determinations of suit case; Chapter 5 ¡V The disputes of legal procedure and substance; Chapter 6 ¡V Conclusion and suggestion.

Univ., Diss.--Köln, 1997.

Thèse (LL.M.)--Université Laval, 2003. / Bibliogr.: f. 116-136. Webographie: f. 136. Publié aussi en version électronique.

Nos últimos anos, o Brasil tornou-se um dos maiores peticionários de ações anti-dumping, medidas de defesa comercial que têm por objetivo evitar a discriminação internacional de preços que caracteriza a prática de dumping. Este trabalho avalia os efeitos das ações anti-dumping do país sobre os fluxos de importação originários dos países sujeitos e não sujeitos às suas investigações. Os resultados sugerem que as ações anti-dumping reduziram as importações provenientes dos países investigados (destruição de comércio), mas elevaram as importações provenientes dos países não investigados (desvio de comércio). Contudo, uma análise baseada na decomposição da variável de estudo em unidades e valores unitários revela que o desvio de comércio foi na verdade resultado de uma elevação generalizada dos preços de importação. Portanto, as ações anti-dumping do Brasil demonstraram eficácia tanto em restringir as importações acusadas de dumping quanto em proteger a indústria doméstica. / In the last years, Brazil has become one of the heaviest petitioners of anti-dumping actions, trade defense measures with the objective of avoiding international price discrimination that characterize dumping practice. We evaluate the effects of the country\'s anti-dumping actions on the import flows from countries that were subject to and not subject to investigations. Our findings suggest that anti-dumping duties decreased imports of targeted countries (trade destruction) but increased imports of the non-targeted countries (trade diversion). Yet, an analysis based on the main variable decomposition in units and unit values reveals that trade diversion was actually a result of an overall rise on import prices. Therefore, Brazil\'s anti-dumping actions revealed to be effective both in restricting dumped imports and in protecting the domestic industry.

Memoria (licenciado en ciencias jurídicas y sociales) / En Chile la legislación que busca proteger la libre competencia surge tardíamente en comparación a otros paísesNote5. , el año 1959 con la Ley N° 13.305, la que en el Título V, que abarcaba de los artículos 172 a 182, se refería a la competencia. Esta ley fue dictada bajo la presidencia de don Jorge Alesssandri Rodríguez, teniendo escasa aplicación, debido fundamentalmente al hecho de que el mercado era en ese entonces bastante reducido; otros autores sostienen que la escasa aplicación de esta ley se debió “básicamente porque el sistema económico hacía en si mismo inoperantes sus normas”Note6. . Entre otras materias, dicha ley creó la "Comisión Antimonopolios" destinada a ejercer las facultades sancionadoras y de control que la propia ley le otorgaba en éste ámbito. Posteriormente, se creó una Fiscalía destinada a servir de apoyo técnico a dicha Comisión y a instruir las investigaciones que fueran necesarias para una aplicación más efectiva de la ley / En Chile la legislación que busca proteger la libre competencia surge tardíamente en comparación a otros paísesNote5. , el año 1959 con la Ley N° 13.305, la que en el Título V, que abarcaba de los artículos 172 a 182, se refería a la competencia. Esta ley fue dictada bajo la presidencia de don Jorge Alesssandri Rodríguez, teniendo escasa aplicación, debido fundamentalmente al hecho de que el mercado era en ese entonces bastante reducido; otros autores sostienen que la escasa aplicación de esta ley se debió “básicamente porque el sistema económico hacía en si mismo inoperantes sus normas”Note6. . Entre otras materias, dicha ley creó la "Comisión Antimonopolios" destinada a ejercer las facultades sancionadoras y de control que la propia ley le otorgaba en éste ámbito. Posteriormente, se creó una Fiscalía destinada a servir de apoyo técnico a dicha Comisión y a instruir las investigaciones que fueran necesarias para una aplicación más efectiva de la ley

Thesis (S. J. D.)--University of Hong Kong, 2005. / Title proper from title frame. Also available in printed format.

Reproduction de : Thèse de doctorat : Sciences économiques : Lyon 2 : 2004. / Titre provenant de l'écran-titre. Bibliogr.