V práci byla analyzována judikatura ESD v oblasti přímých daní a formulovány specifické zásady. ESD postupuje ve třech krocích: zjišťuje, zda existuje omezení EU práva, posuzuje, zda jde o srovnatelné postavení rezidentů a nerezidentů, a nakonec konstatuje, zda může být rozdílné zacházení ospravedlněno naléhavými důvody veřejného zájmu. V práci byla provedena komparace uplatňování judikatury v členských státech. Vliv judikatury ESD byl potvrzen v rozdílné míře; zpravidla dochází k vyvažování aktivního a pasivního přístupu na straně legislativy nebo justice. I přes zjevný vliv judikatury zůstávají v právních předpisech ustanovení, která jsou rozporu s evropským právem.

This work deals with freedom of establishment of legal entities inside EU. It focuses on evaluation of EU Court judicature. Inside thesis work are described basic terms connected with freedom of establishment including personal status determination and procedure of preliminary ruling.

The aim of this work is to provide a general view on legislation of enforcement of industrial property rights within the European Union with a closer focus to regulation of jurisdiction of courts to dispute resolution. The work deals with a current legislation, with jurisprudence of the European Court of Justice and of czech courts and in the end it deals also with de lege ferenda and proposals of means how to improve the current legislation and make it more effective, so the competitive position of the European Union towards asian countries and towards the United States of America would strenghten.

The paper aims to embrace the establishment, development of rules and functioning of the freedom of movement of goods on the internal market of the EU and the impact which the European Court of Justice (ECJ) case law had in this domain and still has today. It opens with the description of the internal market and the freedom of movement of goods, the role of the internal market for the European integration, the development of this freedom in the context of the internal market development and basic characteristics of the freedom of movement of goods. Thereafter, the focus shifts to the legal rules of the internal market and freedom of movement of goods, to the CJEU as one of the main European institutions, its role, competences, composition and the different types of proceedings in front of this Court as well as the changes brought by the Lisbon Treaty. The final part is devoted to the analysis of the chosen ECJ decisions that are considered to be the most significant for the free movement of goods. The paper provides comprehensive overview of the topic implying that the ECJ case law played an important role in the domain of free movement of goods and significantly influenced its functioning.

In my thesis I analyzed the characteristics of the legal concepts of bodies governed by public law and the activities in which they engage as public authorities, as used by law (both European and national) governing value added tax. I also analyzed the case law of the European Court of Justice relating to the issue of the bodies governed by public law and the activities in which they engage as public authorities in terms of value added tax. The characteristics of the concepts have been evaluated and sorted logically. In a separate part I examined the bodies governed by public law and their activities from an economic point of view. I have pondered whether it is necessary that these entities have a special position in the system of value added tax.

The Lucembourg court attracted several noble families that had a oportunity to get a good status by serving a king and also hold offices. For such a service were ideal loyal nobles of newly arrived noble families, who didn't own any property in Bohemia. Lords of Colditz and lords of Bergov also belonged to them. The king rewarded them for their loyal service by giving them fiefs (especially in north-west Bohemia: Krupka and Bílina). The Luxembourg dynasty enabled these noble families a social rise. Lords of Colditz were connected to royal court since their beginnings in Bohemia. On the other hand some of the lords of Bergov hold offices, but they didn't hesitate to leave the court at a convinient moment. More likely they participated in newly emerging estates. During the reign of Wenceslav IV. lords of Colditz remained faithful to him, on the other hand lords of Bergov belonged to the main figures of his opposition. At the same time they changed the royal fiefs (Bílina was bought by lords of Colditz) for allod (Trosky, Turnov, Chlumec upon Cidlina). During the Hussite wars lords of Colditz and lords of Bergov were the fundamental support of catholic party. The only exception was John of Bergov, who was captured after the battle of Lipany. Albrecht of Colditz, their son Thimo and nephew John were...

OF DIPLOMA THESIS IN ENGLISGH LANGUAGE The matter of accession of the European Union to the European Convention on Human Rights has been for decades a hot topic of legal and academic discussions. On the 18th December 2014, the Court of Justice of the European Union issued its long awaited Opinion 2/13 where the CJEU ruled that the Draft Accession Agreement is not compatible with EU law. In my diploma thesis I deal with the issue of accession of the EU to the ECHR. My aim is to provide with: 1) a complex analysis of the accession procedure, 2) an analysis of the Opinion 2/13 itself and 3) to outline the potential development of future steps. I particularly focus my attention on the CJEU reasoning in the Opinion 2/13 and I emphasize some facts showing the position of the CJEU from the different point of view. The first part of my diploma thesis provides an overview of development of the idea of the EU accession to the ECHR. Moreover, in the first part I deal with reasons for the accession, issue of legal basis for the accession and finally, I focus my attention to the negotiating process. The second part deals with the period after the 18th of December 2014 when the Draft Accession Agreement has been by the CJEU announced as incompatible. I analyse the CJEU's reasoning in the Opinion 2/13 and the View...

The aim of my master thesis is to analyze hindrances to free movement of workers both from the theoretical point of view and in relation to the European Court of Justice cases. In the first part of the thesis I summarize the development of European integration and general principles of free movement of persons. Then the attention is paid to free movement of workers itself. The definition of a worker, primary and secondary legislation governing free movement of workers and the scope of free movement of workers are presented as well. Moreover, derogations from the principle of free movement of workers are discussed. The next part of the thesis is dedicated to the description of the European Court of Justice, its composition and various types of proceedings. In the last part of the thesis the most significant ECJ cases concerning hindrances to free movement of workers are selected and analyzed.

The aim of my thesis is to acquaint the reader with the problematic of free movement of workers, both from the theoretical point of view and from practical point of view based on the European Court of Justice cases. In the theoretical part of the thesis, I focus on the characteristics of internal market and definition of free movement of persons and workers. I mention individual law regulations that significantly influence the problematic of free movement of persons. Further, I describe different exceptions from free movement of workers, mutual recognition of academic qualifications and social security regarding the movement of workers. And at last in my practical part, I analyze individual cases of ECJ which have had the most significant impact on the development of free movement of workers.

The diploma thesis regarding The Legal Aspects of Mandatory Vaccination and its European Context was created in order to map the legal regulations of mandatory vaccination in the Czech Republic and to describe the repressions of unvaccinated children in the Czech Republic and in other member states of the European Union. Part of the thesis consists of a jurisprudence research of The Constitutional Court of the Czech Republic, The European Court of Human Rights and The Court of Justice of the European Union related to the field of mandatory vaccination. Special focus is given to the comparison of the number of mandatory vaccinations in the member states of European Union as well as to the comparison of their legislations. The fundamental question reflected in the diploma thesis is the one of the human rights of individuals guaranteed by the European Union, international conventions and national legislations of the states and the possibility for them to be limited in order to protect the public health. In the thesis, there are listed and described the human rights affected by the whole concept of vaccination and also the conditions that have to be fulfilled in order to allow the human rights to be restricted. For this purpose the cases from legal practise serve as a support. In addition, there is a chapter regarding the promotion of newly developed vaccines for voluntary vaccinations, which reveals the marketing tools used for this purpose. For a better understanding of the field of mandatory vaccination, there is included a chapter titled The Insight of Expertise Necessary for the Interpretation and Application of Law. This chapter completes the aspects of mandatory vaccination from the medical point of view, lists the mandatory vaccinations in the Czech Republic and member states of the European Union and the vaccines used for performing the vaccinations. Keywords: human rights, mandatory vaccination, jurisprudence of The European Court of Human Rights and The Court of Justice of the European Union, repressions of unvaccinated children