The thesis deals with physical principles of ultrasound with following specialization on ophtalmic ultrasound system Nidek Echoscan 4000 and its properties. And also it deals with description of investigative techniques in ophthalmology (A-mode, B-mode, biometry and pachymetry). Next, they was suggested procedures of measurement and that is spatial resolution (axial and lateral spatial resolution) and propagation speed of ultrasound depending on the temperature. Then these properties was tested on laboratory phantoms of eye – ETETECH LTD. and Multipurpose Ultrasound Phantom but on created phantoms of eye too, which will be made from agarose gel with build-in materail (fishing line, plastic film, plastic bag and rubber). At the end, measured values was processed in the generated program.