America is a nation where a strong entrepreneurial culture establishes favorable conditions that create approximately 600,000 new firms per year (SBA Office of Advocacy, 2006). Individuals? decisions to pursue entrepreneurship are influenced by environmental conditions such as demographics, economic factors, and prior entrepreneurial activity in their communities (Minnitti & Bygrave, 1999). Proponents of the endogenous growth model (Lucas, 1988; Romer, 1986) indicate that the notion of knowledge spillovers and investment in human capital lead to the formation of new businesses that improve the economic development and growth of a region. The purpose of this dissertation is twofold. First, a conceptual model that comprises determinants and consequences of new venture creation in a region is derived from the framework developed by Minnitti and Bygrave (1999) and Bygrave and Minnitti (2000) and theories of economic development and growth. Second, using a sample of 2,300 U.S. counties, empirical tests are conducted on a set of hypotheses derived from the conceptual model. Results support eight hypotheses: (a) net migration, population change by natural increase, skilled labor, level of infrastructure, and prior entrepreneurship activity positive influences new venture creation; (b) new venture creation positive influences economic development and economic growth; and (c) new venture creation mediates the relationship between prior entrepreneurship activity and economic development. Further support is obtained on indicators of demographic composition and economic factors to exert effects on economic development and economic growth. Also new venture creation partial mediates the relationship between (a) indicators of demographic composition and economic factors and (b) economic development and economic growth. This study contributes to knowledge by empirically testing an existing framework of entrepreneurship as well as assessing how new venture creation improves the economic development and growth in America?s counties. Particularly, the study finds environmental determinants to foster new venture creation and confirms the contention that new venture creation contributes to improve the economic conditions of a region. Recommendations for future theoretical and empirical research as well as practical implications for entrepreneurs and policymakers are also discussed.

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楊洪常. / 論文(博士)--香港中文大學, 1999. / 參考文獻 (p. 204-228) / 中英文摘要. / Available also through the Internet via Dissertations & theses @ Chinese University of Hong Kong. / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Mode of access: World Wide Web. / Yang Hongchang. / Lun wen (bo shi)--Xianggang Zhong wen da xue, 1999. / Can kao wen xian (p. 204-228) / Zhong Ying wen zhai yao.

by Fong Yun-kong Robert, Lau Sai-chong John. / Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1988. / Bibliography: leaf 61.

Foreign aid is a relatively new form of economic exchange between nations, yet in only a few decades it has become a persistent structural element of the modern world-system. Conventional theories of economic development view foreign aid as a "flow" of financial resources into an economy and argue that it accelerates economic growth in the less developed countries by supplementing the domestic capital resources that are available for development. Dependency theory and the world-system perspective conceive of foreign aid as a "structural" feature of the recipient economy and suggest that it retards economic growth in these countries by reproducing the structural distortion of the economy that was originally established by colonialism and by systematically limiting the ability of the peripheral state to control the development of its economy. These theories suggest contradictory findings which are tested in this dissertation with multiple regression analysis. The analyses parallel the seminal research of Bornschier et al. (1978) on foreign investment and economic growth by simultaneously estimating the effects of both short-term flows and long-term stocks of foreign aid on economic growth. Using a sample of 91 Third World countries, the effects of foreign aid on economic growth are estimated both during a period of relative expansion of the world economy (1970-1978) and during a period of relative recession (1978-1986). My findings lend some support to both theoretical perspectives but the direction of the effects are opposite to those predicted by Bornschier et al. Foreign aid is found to have short-term negative effects on economic growth during both time periods but long-term positive effects on economic growth are statistically significant only for the later time period. The findings from this research clearly suggest that the dependency and world-system perspective must modify its theoretical explanations concerning the relationship between foreign capital flows and economic development to take into account the varied uses of different types of financial resources. They also highlight the importance of recognizing that different phases of the expansion and contraction of the world economy may condition the effects of specific types of core-periphery interactions.

This study examined the role the Malaysian government played in developing the Malaysian economy as a means to eliminating poverty and inequality and explored the lessons South Africa can learn from Malaysia's development experience. Under British colonial rule Malaysia developed a divided multi-ethnic society characterised by gross inequality and high levels of poverty. Jolted by the 1969 race riots and in a major departure from the laissez-faire economic policy, the government embarked on the New Economic Policy in 1970. This ambitious twenty-year social engineering plan ushered in greater state intervention in the economy. It greatly reduced poverty among indigenous Malays and made substantial progress towards achieving inter-ethnic economic parity.

A research report submitted to the Graduate School of Public and Development Management, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Management (in the field of Public and Development Management). / The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of international capital flows on economic growth and employment in Mozambique, a country that is heavily dependent on foreign assistance. The aggregate expenditure sector was employed to develop a model that is consistent with specific features of the Mozambican economy. Annual aggregate time series data from 1980 to 1996 period was primarily used to estimate of single equations which are components of the model, employing modem time series techniques. The sample size is rather small to generate anything other than tentative conclusions. Nevertheless, foreign capital flows appear to have had a far-reaching effect in fuelling economic growth in Mozambique for the period studied. The effects were largely dependent upon the magnitude of international capital flows. However, there was a significant lag between economic growth and employment generation. Due to high level of aggregation applied in the analysis, the impact of foreign resources at a sectoral impact was not captured. In particular a more desegregated analysis is required to discern the effect of intemational capital flaws on economic growth and employment. / Andrew Chakane 2018

by Chow Tin-tai. / Bibliogrpahy : leaves 42-44 / Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1984

許寶強. / Thesis (M.A.)--香港中文大學. / Manuscript (reprint of computer printout). / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 129-139). / Xu Baoqiang. / Thesis (M.A.)--Xianggang Zhong wen da xue. / 鳴謝 / 論文撮要 / 前言 --- p.1 / Chapter 第一章 --- 七九年以來中國的外貿開放政策 --- p.9 / Chapter 第二章 --- 理論問題 --- p.35 / Chapter 第三章 --- 進出口成本 --- p.56 / Chapter 第四章 --- 進出口的結構變化 --- p.75 / Chapter 第五章 --- 貿易與發展問題 --- p.89 / Chapter 第六章 --- 結論 --- p.122 / 附件一 --- p.125 / 附件二 --- p.127 / 參考書目 --- p.129

Li, Yun. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2013. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 303-320). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstracts also in Chinese.