Com o crescente aumento das funcionalidades dos circuitos integrados, existe um aumento consequente da complexidade do projeto dos mesmos. O fluxo de projeto de circuitos integrados inclui em um de seus passos o roteamento, que consiste em criar fios que interconectam as células do circuito. Devido à complexidade, o roteamento é dividido em global e detalhado. O roteamento global de circuitos VLSI é uma das tarefas mais complexas do fluxo de síntese física, sendo classificado como um problema NP-completo. Neste trabalho, além de realizar um levantamento de trabalhos que utilizam as principais técnicas de paralelismo com o objetivo de acelerar o processamento do roteamento global, foram realizadas análises nos arquivos de benchmark do ISPD 2007/08. Com base nestas análises foi proposto um método que agrupa as redes para então verificar a existência de dependência de dados em cada grupo. Esta verificação de dependência de dados, que chamamos neste trabalho de colisor, tem por objetivo, criar fluxos de redes independentes umas das outras para o processamento em paralelo, ou seja, ajudar a implementação do roteamento independente de redes. Os resultados demonstram que esta separação em grupos, aliada com a comparação concorrente dos grupos, podem reduzir em 67x o tempo de execução do colisor de redes se comparada com a versão sequencial e sem a utilização de grupos. Também foi obtido um ganho de 10x ao comparar a versão com agrupamentos sequencial com a versão paralela. / With the increasing of the functionality of integrated circuits, there is a consequent increase in the complexity of the design. The IC design flow includes the routing in one of its steps, which is to create wires that interconnect the circuit cells. Because of the complexity, routing is divided into global and detailed. The global routing of VLSI circuits is one of the most complex tasks in the flow of physical synthesis and it's classified as an NP-complete problem. In this work, a parallel computing techniques survey was applied to the VLSI global routing in order to accelerate the global routing processing analyzes. This analyzes was performed on the ISPD 2007/08 benchmark files. We proposed a method that groups the networks and then check for data dependence in each group based on these analyzes. This data dependency checking, we call this checking of collider, aims to create flow nets independent of each other for processing in parallel, or help implement the independent routing networks. The results demonstrate that this separation into groups, together with the competitor comparison of groups, can reduce 67x in the collider networks runtime compared with the sequential release and without the use of groups. It was also obtained a gain of 10x when comparing the version with sequential clusters with the parallel version.

This paper explains the concept of emotion, emotion dimension and how emotions relate to the central nervous system. Additionally, there is research that were the inspiration for this work, the basic types of emotions and their physiological responses. The following are ways to monitor signals caused by emotions. The practical part deals with the sensing signals from the periphery of the body, specifically the EDA, EMG, EOG and PPG. As stimuli to elicit these signals were used photography, music and film. The signals were processed using the program developed in Matlab. Program specific values obtained were statistically analysed.

Circuit designs for field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) are typically compiled by FPGA vendor tools, such as Xilinx's Vivado Design Suite. In recent years, partial reconfiguration (PR) has emerged as a popular technique that allows portions of an FPGA to be dynamically reconfigured after the complete device has been configured with an initial bitstream. However, the nature of current FPGA vendor tools limits further innovation and possible usage models of PR.This thesis presents Maverick, an open-source proof-of-concept computer-aided design (CAD) flow for generating reconfigurable modules (RMs) which target PR regions in FPGA designs. Maverick builds upon existing open source tools (Yosys, RapidSmith2, and Project X-Ray) to form an end-to-end compilation flow. After an initial static design and PR region are created with Xilinx's Vivado PR flow, Maverick can then compile and configure RMs onto that PR region-without the use of vendor tools. In addition, this work enables users to import and export RMs between Vivado and RapidSmith2.Furthermore, this thesis demonstrates Maverick compiling RMs on both a desktop computer and on the embedded PYNQ-Z1 board, which contains a Zynq 7020 system on chip (SoC). Maverick runs on the ARM processor embedded within the processing system (PS) of the Zynq device, generating partial bitstreams which can then be configured onto a PR region within the programmable logic (PL) fabric of the same Zynq device. This unique case, not possible with current vendor tools like Vivado, demonstrates the feasibility of a single-chip embedded system which can both compile HDL designs to bitstreams and then configure them onto its own programmable fabric.

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This research explores the temporal patterns of psychophysiological responses to musical excerpts by analyzing the expansive Emotion in Motion dataset, the most comprehensive of its kind. Utilizing the Dynamic Time Warping and T-test analysis techniques, we examined data from participants across seven countries who listened to three distinct musical pieces. During these listening sessions, Electrodermal Activity (EDA) and Pulse Oximetry (POX) readings were collected, complemented by qualitative feedback from the participants. Our analysis focused on detecting recurring patterns and extracting meaningful insights from the data. In addition to this, we compare several Deep Neural Networks to find the one that is best suited for prediction of emotional attributes with EDA and POX signals as input. To further facilitate a comprehensive visualization and analysis of the EDA, POX, and audio signals, we developed a dedicated platform, which features a coordinated multiple view interface, as an integral part of this work. / Master of Science / We explored how people's bodies react over time when they listen to music. We used a large collection of data called the ``Emotion in Motion'' dataset, which has information from people in seven countries who listened to three different music pieces. To understand this data, we used special tools that help detect patterns and changes in how the body responds. During the music sessions, the participant's skin's electrical activity and the amount of oxygen in the blood were recorded, which can give clues about emotional reactions. People also shared their feelings about the music. To make it easier to see and understand all this information together, we created a new web platform that simulates the experiment in real-time. This work aims to help us better understand the deep connection between music and human emotions.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-14T12:36:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1579166 bytes, checksum: d3ba80babda5e722f7dbc5aaf9f3a941 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-08-30 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / EDA Tools (Electronic Design Automation) are used to facilitate the project and layout of Integrated Circuits (IC). Floorplanning is an important step in the layout design phase of the development of an IC. In this step the macroblocks are positioned on the chip, and the following properties are determined: the location of input and output pads, the location of the power pads and the strategies of distribution of the power and clock signal by the core. Commonly a wrapper in HDL that maps the input and output ports of the project in instances of pads is done, with the different types, defined by the developer and a file that indicates the position of each pad on the circuit. Thus, both the mapping and positioning are usually manually done through scripts, generating a great difficulty for developers, because an IC with a reasonable amount of inputs and outputs becomes extremely susceptible to human failure. These files are generally used by all EDA tools as well as by the Design kits suppliers, moreover, the tools have different syntaxes for the files. This work shows a tool with a GUI (Graphical User Interface) able to provide to the developers an easy and intuitive way to manage both the mapping and positioning of the pads, making the process faster and less susceptive to human failure. To validate the work, the tool is tested on some IC projects / As ferramentas EDA (Electronic Design Automation) são utilizadas para facilitar o projeto e desenho de circuitos integrados (CI). O Floorplaning é uma importante etapa na fase de design do layout no desenvolvimento de um CI. Nesta etapa, os macroblocos são posicionados no chip, além de serem decididas: a localização dos pads de entrada e saída, a localização dos pads de alimentação e as estratégias de distribuição da alimentação e do sinal de clock pelo núcleo. Comumente, é feito um wrapper em HDL que mapeia as portas de entrada e saída do projeto em instâncias de Pads, com seus diferentes tipos, definidos pelo desenvolvedor e um arquivo que indica a posição de cada Pad no circuito. Dessa maneira, tanto esse mapeamento quanto tal posicionamento, em geral, são feitos manualmente por meio de scripts, gerando uma dificuldade para os desenvolvedores, pois para um CI com uma quantidade razoável de entradas e saídas esses procedimentos são susceptíveis a falhas. Esses arquivos, em geral, são utilizados em todas as ferramentas EDA e também pelos fornecedores de Design Kits, além disso, as ferramentas possuem sintaxes diferentes para os arquivos. Este trabalho propõe a construção de uma ferramenta com interface gráfica capaz de fornecer aos desenvolvedores uma maneira mais fácil e intuitiva de gerenciar tanto o mapeamento quanto o posicionamento dos pads, tornando o processo mais rápido e menos susceptível a falhas humanas. Para validar o trabalho, a ferramenta é testada em projetos de CI s.

L’objectif général de cette thèse concerne la mise en place et l’évaluation d’une approche de type effect directed analysis (EDA), couplant bioessais in vitro et analyses physico-chimiques, pour la caractérisation de la contamination des milieux aquatiques par les perturbateurs endocriniens (PE) et leur identification. De nouveaux outils in vitro ont été développés et intégrés à une approche multi-bioessais pour la détection de polluants émergents afin de permettre un large diagnostic de la contamination par les PE. Parmi eux, le bioessai basé sur le pregnane X receptor humain s’est avéré complémentaire des cibles classiquement étudiées (e.g. récepteurs des œstrogènes (ER), des androgènes (AR) ou des hydrocarbures aromatiques (AhR)). Combinés, ces bioessais ont permis de déterminer des profils intégrés de la contamination inédits dans le sédiment et les eaux de surface, mettant en lumière la nécessité de considérer d’autres cibles biologiques que ER et AhR et de s’intéresser à l’ensemble des compartiments du milieu aquatique pour une meilleure évaluation de la contamination. En particulier, l’utilisation combinée de ces nouveaux outils à des capteurs passifs de type POCIS (polar organic compound integrative sampler) s’est révélée pertinente pour évaluer la contamination de la colonne d’eau par des composés hydrosolubles. Enfin, une démarche EDA, intégrant ces bioessais et des méthodes physico-chimiques d’extraction et de fractionnement adaptées, a été validée pour l’identification des composés détectés. Son application sur deux sites soumis à des contaminations chimiques différentes (mixte urbaine/agricole et pharmaceutique) a permis d’évaluer la contribution des polluants cibles, dont les prioritaires, dans les réponses des bioessais et d’identifier de nouveaux PE. / The aim of this thesis was to develop and to evaluate an effect directed analysis (EDA) approach, combining in vitro bioassays and chemical analysis for the characterization of aquatic systems contamination by endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and their identification. For integrative contamination assessment, new in vitro tools have been developed and evaluated for the detection of emerging pollutants, and then integrated in a multi-bioassays approach. In particular, the human pregnane X receptor (PXR) based bioassay provided further information on bioactive contaminants and thereby enhanced the environmental diagnostic as regard to classical biological target (e.g. estrogen (ER), androgen (AR) or aryl hydrocarbon receptors (AhR)). Such multi-receptors approach allowed determining novel integrative toxicity profiles in sediment and surface water. Overall, our results demonstrated the need to integrate other biological target than ER and AhR, and to assess contamination partitioning for a better hazard/risk assessment. For such purpose, combined use of polar organic compound integrative sampler and in vitro bioassays provided suitable tools to assess active hydrosoluble chemicals in surface water. Finally, in order to identify the compounds responsible for the detected activities, the multi-receptors approach has been integrated in EDA strategy applied to two river sites under different chemical pressures (urban/agricultural and pharmaceutical). To tackle this challenge, extraction and fractionation methods were developed and evaluated in order to encompass a diversity of active chemicals that are detected by in vitro bioassays. The EDA approach allowed determining partial contribution of priority pollutants in biological responses as well as the identification of new EDCs.

In cancer research, studies on cells are often done in 2D, grown on plates which are not realistic. Therefore, a specialized system is being designed to build 3D cell structures. This system requires a fitting amplifier that is of low cost and changeable gain. The aim of this project was to design, simulate and build a custom amplifier circuit card, PCB, to be used in creating such an amplifier. At the end of the project the custom amplifier PCB should be connected with components such as power supply and should be able to take the place of the current one. The amplifier circuit was designed, and the simulations were tested, a finished design was created. Due to shortage of electronic components, the main IC component could not be acquired and hence a finished circuit could not be built. / Inom cancerforskning görs studier ofta på celler i 2D strukturer, plattor och detta är inte realistiskt. Därför utvecklas det ett nytt sätt att bygga cellstrukturer i 3D. Detta system kräver en anpassad förstärkare av låg kostnad och anpassningsbar förstärkning. Syftet med detta projekt var att bygga ett förstärkarkretskort. Inom metoden gjordes simulering, tester och utveckling av en krets samt bygge av ett förstärkarkretskort. Detta kort skulle kopplas till andra komponenter som nätaggregat och moderkort för att ersätta den nuvarande förstärkare. Simulering och design av krets gjordes men ett färdigt kort kunde inte testas på grund av leveransproblem av elektriska komponenter.

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In my thesis I~ deal with the design, implementation and testing of the advanced parallel Estimation of Distribution Algorithm (EDA) utilizing copula theory to create a~ probabilistic model. A~new population is created by the process of sampling the joint distribution function, which models the current distribution of the subpopulation of promising individuals . The usage of copulas increases the efficiency of the learning process and sampling the probabilistic model. It can be separated into mutually independent marginal distributions and the copula , which represents the correlations between the variables of the solved problem. This concept initiated the usage of the parallel island architecture , in which the migration of probabilistic models belonging to individual islands ' subpopulations was used instead of the migration of individuals . The statistical tests used in the comparison of the proposed algorithm ( mCEDA = migrating Copula - based Estimation of Distribution Algorithm ) and the algorithms of other authors confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed concept .