Este estudo analisou as relações entre diretrizes e práticas do repositório institucional universitário de dados de pesquisa Edinburgh DataShare, no contexto do gerenciamento de dados de pesquisa, baseando-se nas seguintes categorias: responsabilidade, conteúdo, aspectos legais, padrões, preservação digital, política de acesso e uso e sustentabilidade e financiamento. A metodologia foi um estudo de caso qualitativo com levantamento de documentos e dados na Internet e observação direta do repositório. Utilizou o software NVivo para registro e análise dos dados. Nas características do Edinburgh DataShare quanto à responsabilidade, há a presença de profissionais de tecnologia da informação (TI) e profissionais da informação (com destaque para bibliotecários) na equipe. Sobre o conteúdo, foram examinados os metadados de 161 itens recuperados em 09 de outubro de 2014. Como o repositório inicialmente foi povoado através de um projeto piloto, a maioria dos itens (103 itens) foi criada por um mesmo pesquisador, Bert Remijsen, da área de assunto de Linguística e Idioma Inglês (Linguistics and English Language). Com relação aos aspectos legais, a adoção de licenças abertas é uma opção que o Edinburgh DataShare oferece, com a licença ODC-BY, mas também há a opção de não escolher essa licença e indicar licenças diferentes ou outras informações relativas a copyright no metadado dc.rights. Sobre os padrões, o software utilizado é o DSpace, que permite a interoperabilidade com outros sistemas internos e externos à Universidade. O uso de um perfil de aplicação do padrão Dublin Core qualificado, específico para conjunto de dados de pesquisa, facilita a recuperação da informação e a interoperabilidade com outros sistemas, por usar um padrão reconhecido mundialmente. O fluxo de depósito documentado e disponível na Internet e a inserção no fluxo de gerenciamento de dados de pesquisa da Universidade trazem segurança e estabilidade para os serviços do repositório. Há uma política de preservação digital do repositório que norteia as ações de preservação. Somente o Handle era utilizado como identificador permanente até o início de novembro de 2014, e a partir desse momento, passou a ser incluído também o DOI. Sobre o acesso e uso, o depósito é efetuado por pessoas vinculadas à Universidade, de dados de pesquisa da Universidade, e o acesso aos metadados e à maioria dos materiais é livre para todos, sem necessidade de identificação. A recuperação da informação está em desenvolvimento e em fevereiro de 2015 uma nova forma de pesquisa foi disponibilizada, ampliando as possibilidades de acesso, compartilhamento e uso dos conjuntos de dados de pesquisa, potencializando o alcance dos objetivos do Edinburgh DataShare. Com relação à sustentabilidade e ao financiamento, poucas informações foram recuperadas, porém ficou evidente, por seu início ter sido por um projeto financiado dentro do Jisc Repositories and Preservation Programme e por ter sido incluído em uma estrutura da Universidade, que é um projeto que exige um grande investimento e que necessita de apoio institucional para assegurar sua continuidade. O Edinburgh DataShare é uma parte essencial do gerenciamento de dados de pesquisa da Universidade, mas não é o único mecanismo de curadoria digital utilizado pela Universidade. O Edinburgh DataShare está cumprindo a tarefa de complementar o ciclo da comunicação científica e proporcionar as condições de criação das chamadas publicações ampliadas ao oferecer os serviços que permitem que os pesquisadores vinculem seus dados de pesquisa às suas publicações através de identificadores permanentes. Apresentando as relações entre as diretrizes e as práticas do Edinburgh DataShare, no contexto do gerenciamento de dados de pesquisa, foi possível perceber uma relação de construção contínua das diretrizes e das práticas. Essa forma de construção traz como conseqüência algumas diferenças observadas entre as diretrizes e as práticas, visto que nem sempre elas estão no mesmo momento de maturidade. / This study examined the relationship between policies and practices of the university research data institutional repository Edinburgh DataShare in the context of the management of research data, based on the following categories: responsibility, content, legal aspects, standards, digital preservation, policy access and use, and sustainability and financing. The methodology was a qualitative case study of survey documents and data on the Internet and direct observation of the repository. It used NVivo software for recording and data analysis. The characteristics of Edinburgh DataShare for accountability, there is the presence of information technology (IT) professionals and information professionals (especially librarians) in the team. On content, metadata 161 items recovered on 09 October 2014 were examined since the repository was initially populated by a pilot project, most of the items (103 items) was created by the same investigator, Bert Remijsen, of subject area of Linguistics and English Language (Linguistics and Language Inglês). Regarding the legal aspects, the adoption of open licenses is an option that Edinburgh DataShare offers, with the ODC-BY license, but there is also the option of not choosing the license and indicate different licenses or other information concerning copyright metadata in dc .rights. About the standards, the software used is DSpace, which enables interoperability with other internal and external systems to the University. The use of a standard application profile Qualified Dublin Core, for specific set of research data, facilitates the retrieval of information and interoperability with other systems, by using a standard recognized worldwide. The deposit flow documented and available on the Internet and the inclusion in the University's research data management workflow bring security and stability to the services repository. There is a digital preservation policy repository that guides the preservation actions. Only Handle was used as a permanent identifier to the beginning of November 2014, and from that moment, became also included the DOI. On access and use, the deposit is made by people linked to the University, research data from the University, and access to metadata and to most materials is free for all, without identification. Information retrieval is under development; in February 2015 a new form of research was available, expanding the possibilities of access, sharing and use of sets of research data, increasing the scope of the objectives of Edinburgh DataShare. With regard to sustainability and financing, little information was retrieved, but it was evident, by the beginning was a project funded by JISC Repositories and within the Preservation Programme and have been included in a structure of the University, which is a project that requires a big investment and requires institutional support to ensure its continuity. Edinburgh DataShare is an essential part of the University research data management, but is not the only digital curation mechanism used by the University. Edinburgh DataShare is fulfilling additional task the cycle of scientific communication and provide the conditions for the creation of so-called extended publications by providing services that enable researchers to bind your search data to their publications through permanent identifiers. Introducing the relationship between the guidelines and the Edinburgh DataShare practices in the context of research data management, it was possible to see a continuous relationship building guidelines and practices. This form of construction brings as a consequence some differences between the guidelines and practices, as they are not always at the same time of maturity.

The aim of this paper is to explore the features that combine to make up the distinctive accent of the actor Sir Sean Connery. This study outlines the subject’s basic vowel system and compares it to data collected on the vowel systems of Received Pronunciation (RP) and Scottish Standard English (SSE) from previous research (Stuart-Smith 1999, Hawkins & Midgely 2005, Fisk 2006). Furthermore, this essay examines the degree to which other elements associated with SSE are present in the subject’s accent. These features include the Scottish Vowel Lengthening Rule (SVLR), the presence of dark /l/, rhoticity and T-glottalling. It is hypothesised that the subject speaks a modified variety of SSE yet retains the aforementioned qualities typically associated with SSE. The speech analysis software programs Wavesurfer (version 1.4.7.) and Praat (version 4.4.33.) were used to analyse sections of sound taken from a speech given by the subject at an awards ceremony. Instrumental analysis of this nature was deemed appropriate in order to establish a high degree of objectivity in this study. Of the wide range of recorded material available the subject’s acceptance speech was judged most suitable for analysis. This is a passage of spontaneous speech as opposed to a movie script, where the subject talks of his background and career. Having analysed the subject’s accent in this way, certain sociolinguistic implications can be drawn. The results suggest that Sir Sean Connery does indeed speak a variety of SSE however rather surprisingly the subject’s accent appears quite typical of his Edinburgh origins. The vowel system not only identifies the subject as an SSE speaker but also indicates traces of his working-class background e.g., the frontal quality to Connery’s realisation of /u/ and his low /I/ are typical of a working-class SSE speaker. Moreover, the general low quality found in Connery’s basic vowel system can be interpreted as revealing a little of his working-class origins. Evidence of the other features associated with SSE was also found in the subject’s accent. Durational evidence indicates (albeit tentatively at this stage) that the SVLR operates within his accent while dark /l/ and t-glottalling were also observed. While it is also apparent that Connery speaks a rhotic variety of English it is the nature and variety of his /r/ production that is most interesting. The subject appears to produce a retroflex realisation of /r/ which affects other consonants in its environment. This /r/ may be indicative of an earlier Irish influence over Connery’s accent. It should be stated that due to the nature and the limited size of this study, all findings are preliminary and more research is needed into this area before any firm conclusions can be drawn.

Este estudo analisou as relações entre diretrizes e práticas do repositório institucional universitário de dados de pesquisa Edinburgh DataShare, no contexto do gerenciamento de dados de pesquisa, baseando-se nas seguintes categorias: responsabilidade, conteúdo, aspectos legais, padrões, preservação digital, política de acesso e uso e sustentabilidade e financiamento. A metodologia foi um estudo de caso qualitativo com levantamento de documentos e dados na Internet e observação direta do repositório. Utilizou o software NVivo para registro e análise dos dados. Nas características do Edinburgh DataShare quanto à responsabilidade, há a presença de profissionais de tecnologia da informação (TI) e profissionais da informação (com destaque para bibliotecários) na equipe. Sobre o conteúdo, foram examinados os metadados de 161 itens recuperados em 09 de outubro de 2014. Como o repositório inicialmente foi povoado através de um projeto piloto, a maioria dos itens (103 itens) foi criada por um mesmo pesquisador, Bert Remijsen, da área de assunto de Linguística e Idioma Inglês (Linguistics and English Language). Com relação aos aspectos legais, a adoção de licenças abertas é uma opção que o Edinburgh DataShare oferece, com a licença ODC-BY, mas também há a opção de não escolher essa licença e indicar licenças diferentes ou outras informações relativas a copyright no metadado dc.rights. Sobre os padrões, o software utilizado é o DSpace, que permite a interoperabilidade com outros sistemas internos e externos à Universidade. O uso de um perfil de aplicação do padrão Dublin Core qualificado, específico para conjunto de dados de pesquisa, facilita a recuperação da informação e a interoperabilidade com outros sistemas, por usar um padrão reconhecido mundialmente. O fluxo de depósito documentado e disponível na Internet e a inserção no fluxo de gerenciamento de dados de pesquisa da Universidade trazem segurança e estabilidade para os serviços do repositório. Há uma política de preservação digital do repositório que norteia as ações de preservação. Somente o Handle era utilizado como identificador permanente até o início de novembro de 2014, e a partir desse momento, passou a ser incluído também o DOI. Sobre o acesso e uso, o depósito é efetuado por pessoas vinculadas à Universidade, de dados de pesquisa da Universidade, e o acesso aos metadados e à maioria dos materiais é livre para todos, sem necessidade de identificação. A recuperação da informação está em desenvolvimento e em fevereiro de 2015 uma nova forma de pesquisa foi disponibilizada, ampliando as possibilidades de acesso, compartilhamento e uso dos conjuntos de dados de pesquisa, potencializando o alcance dos objetivos do Edinburgh DataShare. Com relação à sustentabilidade e ao financiamento, poucas informações foram recuperadas, porém ficou evidente, por seu início ter sido por um projeto financiado dentro do Jisc Repositories and Preservation Programme e por ter sido incluído em uma estrutura da Universidade, que é um projeto que exige um grande investimento e que necessita de apoio institucional para assegurar sua continuidade. O Edinburgh DataShare é uma parte essencial do gerenciamento de dados de pesquisa da Universidade, mas não é o único mecanismo de curadoria digital utilizado pela Universidade. O Edinburgh DataShare está cumprindo a tarefa de complementar o ciclo da comunicação científica e proporcionar as condições de criação das chamadas publicações ampliadas ao oferecer os serviços que permitem que os pesquisadores vinculem seus dados de pesquisa às suas publicações através de identificadores permanentes. Apresentando as relações entre as diretrizes e as práticas do Edinburgh DataShare, no contexto do gerenciamento de dados de pesquisa, foi possível perceber uma relação de construção contínua das diretrizes e das práticas. Essa forma de construção traz como conseqüência algumas diferenças observadas entre as diretrizes e as práticas, visto que nem sempre elas estão no mesmo momento de maturidade. / This study examined the relationship between policies and practices of the university research data institutional repository Edinburgh DataShare in the context of the management of research data, based on the following categories: responsibility, content, legal aspects, standards, digital preservation, policy access and use, and sustainability and financing. The methodology was a qualitative case study of survey documents and data on the Internet and direct observation of the repository. It used NVivo software for recording and data analysis. The characteristics of Edinburgh DataShare for accountability, there is the presence of information technology (IT) professionals and information professionals (especially librarians) in the team. On content, metadata 161 items recovered on 09 October 2014 were examined since the repository was initially populated by a pilot project, most of the items (103 items) was created by the same investigator, Bert Remijsen, of subject area of Linguistics and English Language (Linguistics and Language Inglês). Regarding the legal aspects, the adoption of open licenses is an option that Edinburgh DataShare offers, with the ODC-BY license, but there is also the option of not choosing the license and indicate different licenses or other information concerning copyright metadata in dc .rights. About the standards, the software used is DSpace, which enables interoperability with other internal and external systems to the University. The use of a standard application profile Qualified Dublin Core, for specific set of research data, facilitates the retrieval of information and interoperability with other systems, by using a standard recognized worldwide. The deposit flow documented and available on the Internet and the inclusion in the University's research data management workflow bring security and stability to the services repository. There is a digital preservation policy repository that guides the preservation actions. Only Handle was used as a permanent identifier to the beginning of November 2014, and from that moment, became also included the DOI. On access and use, the deposit is made by people linked to the University, research data from the University, and access to metadata and to most materials is free for all, without identification. Information retrieval is under development; in February 2015 a new form of research was available, expanding the possibilities of access, sharing and use of sets of research data, increasing the scope of the objectives of Edinburgh DataShare. With regard to sustainability and financing, little information was retrieved, but it was evident, by the beginning was a project funded by JISC Repositories and within the Preservation Programme and have been included in a structure of the University, which is a project that requires a big investment and requires institutional support to ensure its continuity. Edinburgh DataShare is an essential part of the University research data management, but is not the only digital curation mechanism used by the University. Edinburgh DataShare is fulfilling additional task the cycle of scientific communication and provide the conditions for the creation of so-called extended publications by providing services that enable researchers to bind your search data to their publications through permanent identifiers. Introducing the relationship between the guidelines and the Edinburgh DataShare practices in the context of research data management, it was possible to see a continuous relationship building guidelines and practices. This form of construction brings as a consequence some differences between the guidelines and practices, as they are not always at the same time of maturity.

At the eastern end of the Edinburgh World Heritage Site, a protrusion of volcanic rock known as Calton Hill is situated on the northern side of the Waverley Valley. This area sits approximately 100m above sea level at its highest point - around 20m higher than Princes Street in the First ‘New Town’ and at approximately the same height as the Castle Esplanade in the ‘Old Town’ of Edinburgh. During the early nineteenth century, the hill and its land to the north were developed, to extend the city of Edinburgh towards the Port of Leith, in order to open up new routes of access and communications between the port, the city, and the surrounding lands to the south and east. The resulting development provoked debates on the best approach to the development of the urban landscape, the suitability and resonance of specific architectural styles within the urban realm, and the use of public funds for large-scale urban development projects. In addition, the visual prominence of the hill in the city presented a stage for massive changes to the visual context of the boundaries of the city, the relationship between the Old and New Towns, and Edinburgh’s relationship with its surrounding countryside. This blurring of the rural and the urban alongside new interpretations of the classical and the gothic, further emphasised the discordance between societal classes, initially marked out by the mid 18th century expansion of the first New Town and which became further emphasised during the city’s industrial expansion in the latter half of the 19th century. The great care over the choice for the hill’s architectural character as an allegorical commentary on Scotland’s role within the constitutional development of the United Kingdom became muddied throughout the 19thcentury, as shifts in both societal perceptions and government constructs resulted in an evolution of the hill and its structures within the mindset of the Scottish populus. Although the structural evolution of the site during the later 19th and 20th centuries had lesser visual impact on the urban realm, as Scottish national identity swayed from a political to a culturally led discourse in architectural terms, perceptions of the structures on Calton Hill were considered to be representative of Scottish support for the construct of the British State during the 19th century. This was further confirmed by the development of the Scottish Office in the 1930s on the southern side of the hill, and the failed establishment of a Scottish Parliament in 1979, which was to be sited in the vacant Royal High School building. This culminated in the site becoming the focus for grassroots led campaigns for Scottish Independence and Home Rule by the later 20th century. This thesis therefore focuses on the changing relationship between the perception of the hill and its structures over time, by exploring the architectural evolution of the site within broader aesthetic, social and political dialogues. It considers the extent to which the site, its structures, and the discourse surrounding the development of the hill represent the nuances that define Scotland as a nation, and help us to further understand how Scots viewed their identity, within both a British and Scottish context from the late 18th to the early 20th centuries. This approach not only places the architecture on the hill within a broader discourse surrounding architecture’s relationship with national, state and imperial identities, it also demonstrates how a more nuanced exploration of urban landscapes can contribute to a better understanding of the contemporaneous societies who developed the urban realm, and the events and debates that surrounded their development. Due to the wide variety of themes that this thesis explores, and the extended timeframe that this work covers, the geographical limitations of the study area are mercurial in their extent, changing focus with the issues being discussed throughout the text. However, for clarity and for ease of reading, the physical study area has been defined as that of the external limits of Playfair’s 1819 plan for the Third New Town (Plate ii), which in the present day is defined through the following locations: The southern limit is the North Back of Canongate; the northern limit is the bottom of Leith Walk, at the intersection with Great Junction Street; the western limit is where Waterloo Place meets Princes Street, and follows Leith Street to the top of Broughton Street; and the eastern boundary is at the junction of Easter Road, Regent Road and Abbeymount, running down Easter Road to meet Leith Walk at its northernmost point.

Magister Public Health - MPH / Common perinatal mental disorders (CPMDs) are increasingly being recognised as an important public health issue including depression and anxiety. In low and middle income countries such as Rwanda, CPMDs are prevalent among women in perinatal period. In Africa, the estimated prevalence rates of depression are 11.3% and 18.3% during ante-postnatal respectively, while ante-postnatal anxiety rates are 14.8% and 14% respectively. However, in Rwanda there is limited literature on CPMDs. This study was aimed at determining the occurrence of CPMDs in a selected district hospital of the Eastern Province in Rwanda as well as the factors associated with CPMDs in the selected study area. A descriptive quantitative cross-sectional survey was conducted with a sample of one hundred and sixty five mothers in perinatal period, who were selected systematically. Demographic data and factors associated with CPMDs were determined using structured questionnaire and combined screening tools such as Zungu Self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). The Cronbach alpha values were 0.87 and 0.89 for SAS and EPDS respectively. SPSS Version 21 was utilized to analyse data. Univariate, bivariate correlational and multivariate analyses were performed. Most of the respondents (38.2%) were aged 25-29 years; Protestants (77.6%); married (44.8%); unemployed (77%) and had a primary school level of education (60.6%). With respect to participants in antenatal period (51.5%); 14.5% had a clinical level of anxiety and 19.4% had depression. In terms of participants in postnatal period (46.7%); 22.5% had a clinical level of anxiety and 29.7% had depression. However, participants in both periods (1.8%) all had a normal level of anxiety and 1.2% had depression.

Background: Young childbearing women have an increased risk of experiencing perinatal depression when compared to adult childbearing women. Perinatal depression has been associated with adverse life events in the literature and conceptually, in frameworks such as the Lifecycle Approach to Risk Factors for Mental Disorders Model. Purpose: The purpose of this manuscript-based thesis was to (1) determine the prevalence of: (i) adverse life events that have been associated with depression and (ii) depressive symptoms among the young pregnant and parenting women who access specialized services in an urban centre in Ontario, Canada; (2) determine which adverse life events are predictive of depression during the perinatal period, in this population; and (3) examine the psychometric properties of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) for use in a population of young childbearing women who access specialized services in an urban centre in Ontario, Canada. Methods: A survey was conducted with 102 young women from two agencies that provide specialized services to young parents. The interviewer-administered questionnaire included demographic questions, the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, the Antenatal Psychosocial Health Assessment, the Centers for Epidemologic Studies Depression Scale, Brown’s Support Behaviour Inventory. Results: 31.4% of the sample screened positive for perinatal depression. The only adverse life events found to predict perinatal depression were satisfaction with support from ‘others’ and intimate partner violence. Another predictor was very young maternal age (14 – 17 years). The EPDS was found to be psychometrically sound when used in this population of young childbearing women. Conclusion: In this study of young childbearing women in Ontario, Canada, we found a high prevalence rate of perinatal depression and adverse life events. Furthermore, we identified specific factors that predict the development of perinatal depression in this group. Nurses can use these findings to help prioritize perinatal screening efforts to identify this condition early on in order to lessen the adversities related to perinatal depression.

Analyzing a person's gait is important in determining their physical and neurological health. However, typical motion analysis laboratories are only in urban specialty care facilities and can be expensive due to the specialized personnel and technology needed for these examinations. Many patients, especially those who reside in underdeveloped or isolated locations, find it impractical to go to such facilities. With the help of recent developments in high-performance computing and artificial intelligence models, it is now feasible to evaluate human movement using digital video. Over the past 20 years, various visual gait analysis tools and scales have been developed. A study of the literature and discussions with physicians who are domain experts revealed that the Edinburgh Visual Gait Score (EVGS) is one of the most effective scales currently available. Clinical implementations of EVGS currently rely on human scoring of videos. In this thesis, an algorithmic implementation of EVGS scoring based on hand-held smart phone video was implemented. Walking gait was recorded using a handheld smartphone at 60Hz as participants walked along a hallway. Body keypoints representing joints and limb segments were then identified using the OpenPose - Body 25 pose estimation model. A new algorithm was developed to identify foot events and strides from the keypoints and determine EVGS parameters at relevant strides. The stride identification results were compared with ground truth foot events that were manually labeled through direct observation, and the EVGS results were compared with evaluations by human scorers. Stride detection was accurate within 2 to 5 frames. The level of agreement between the scorers and the algorithmic EVGS score was strong for 14 of 17 parameters. The algorithm EVGS results were highly correlated to scorers' scores (r>0.80) for eight of the 17 factors. Smartphone-based remote motion analysis with automated implementation of the EVGS may be employed in a patient's neighborhood, eliminating the need to travel. These results demonstrated the viability of automated EVGS for remote human motion analysis.

No description available.

An Art School in Old Town Edinburgh that has historically preserved facades along the Royal Mile, bridging old and new in a new city center. / Master of Architecture / For my thesis I wanted a site where I could combine old and new. A site that had a lot of history and some element of historical preservation, but not so old that there wasn't flexibility in what could be done with it. I began by focusing on sites in Britain, which has some truly wonderful ancient cities and structures, some of which have been continuously occupied for thousands of years. The site I chose has a unique development history for Edinburgh, a touch of historic preservation in the mandate to keep the exterior walls along the Royal Mile, but otherwise free to be developed as desired behind these walls. The nature of the site, along the North side of a slope downward away from the Royal Mile, and the height restrictions of Old Town, meant that the site itself receives even North lighting throughout the year, but not much else. This even lighting combined with translucent roofs and ceilings, was the original inspiration for an Art School here. The Art School is meant to explore how a place of learning can maximize its sources of natural lighting, how the school can serve the public by idsplaying student's artwork and hosting local events, how school support areas can be made both accessible and secure, and how the students who attend can be housed affordably.

Reid Concerts began in 1841 and were defined by Donald Francis Tovey as those concerts presented by the University of Edinburgh under the auspices of the Professors of Music, based on the guidance laid down in the will and codicil of General John Reid. Reid was a major benefactor who bequeathed funds for the establishment of the Chair of the Theory of Music at The University of Edinburgh with a condition attached to the bequest that a concert be held each year in his memory. This thesis will explore the development and evolution of the first 100 years of these concerts through the contents of the available original concert programmes and related ephemera held in the Centre for Research Collections at The University of Edinburgh - a valuable historical resource which has never been fully recorded or researched. Analysis of this resource will focus on the programming, people, personalities, places, and perspectives associated with the performances and offer insight into the choices and influences of the Professors of Music charged with the organisation and implementation of the concerts over an extended timescale from 1841 to 1941. To aid this analysis a searchable online database has been designed and developed to provide outline performance details and some background information on the contents of many of these Reid concert programmes: http://www.reidconcerts.music.ed.ac.uk. The database is both a finding aid to these contents and a research tool providing a basis for future studies. This research will contribute to the history of the University and City of Edinburgh and the social and musical history of concerts in the University from 1841. The findings emphasise the usefulness of printed concert programmes in recording trends in concert presentation and programming and will broaden the knowledge of this use of such ephemera for academic research.