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The aim of this thesis is to focus on the reproductive system of rams, determine methods used in breeding sheep. The work is to describe the method used to obtain the insemination dose and how the resulting insemination dose can evaluate and store. At work, I will address in particular the issue of quality assessment long held insemination doses of rams. I will focus on evaluation of the quality of insemination doses usual methods of microscopic examination, which includes detection of activity upon thawing insemination doses, sperm concentration. Furthermore, I will make morphological methods semen.

The aim of the thesis was to evaluate boars on the insemination center in terms of quantitative and qualitative indicators of sperm depending on age and season. Evaluation was based on sampling data from the years 2011 to 2015. Based on the results we can say that the age of boars and season of the year has an influence on production and quality of semen. With increasing age is increase in volume of semen and content of pathological sperm and this growth stops after the age of 3 years. Since the beginning of boars in artificial insemination to 3 years of age is decreasing sperm motility and to 4 years of age there is also a decrease in sperm concentration. Significant fluctuations in motility of sperm depending on the season have been found in boars older than 2 years, and a decline in the summer months. Furthermore, it was shown that in all age groups occurred in the summer to increase the percentage of sperm pathology. In boars up to 1 year of age, there was a continuous increase in sperm concentration from winter to autumn. In boars older than 1 year was observed decrease in the concentration of sperm in the summer, whereas in autumn and winter, the concentration was increased. The greatest value of semen volume were at all ages recorded in the fall. The most significant decline in volume of semen has been found in boars under 1 year of age in the summer and boars aged over one year in the spring season.

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The thesis aims to evaluate hygienic standard of boars breeding which is the base for good reproductive skills achievement. In relation to the quality of the semen, the lighting parameters play significant role among the microclimate conditions. In this experiment the light intensity was evaluated at weekly intervals from March 2012 to March 2013, in ISK Velké Meziříčí. 88 boar breeds were put into the experiment -- duroc, danish duroc and landrace. Light intensity was evaluated in relation to the parameters of sperm quality, which are: motility (%), semen volume (ml), sperm concentration (thousand.ml-1) and the proportion of sperm with pathological changes (%). The analysis of collected data showed statistically significant light effect on the ejaculate quality (P=0,001). When the light intensity have been growing (65,7 lx), the capacity and portion of pathological changes decreased (to 231,3 ml from 279,7 ml and 8,7 % from 9,6 %), while the concentration increased (426,8 thousand.ml-1 from 346,2 thousand.ml-1) in opposite to lower level of light intensity (52,3 lx). During summer the overall quality decreased, which can be caused by both, the intensity of light but also the thermal stress factor.

The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of high temperature on selected parameters of semen quality of duroc boars at the insemination station in Velké Mezirici (N 49°23.46667', E 15°52.70135') in season from May to September. For purpose of the experiment were chosen 20 boars of the Duroc breed, divided into two groups. Group A (the control group; n = 10) has average quality of semen and group B (the experimantal group; n = 10) showed below-average long-term quality of semen. Analysed parametres were volume of ejaculate (ml), concentration of sperm (thousands/ml), total account of sperm in ejaculate (mld. ks), motility (%) and rate of abnormal sperm (%). In the stable the temperature (°C) and relative humidity (%) were monitored at hourly intervals for whole period of this study. The results of the experiment shows that the volume of ejaculate from both monitored groups increased at the same rate (P > 0.05) and in group A from 198 ml to 252 ml; in group B from 203 ml to 241 ml. Concentration of sperm of group A decreased (from 499 000/ml to 436 000/ml), whereas concentration of sperm of group B was at the same level during the experiment. The motility of sperm of group A at the end of the experiment increased (from 71.4 % to 74.0 %) and motility of sperm of group B has intensively decreased (from 67.3 % to 62.2 %). The decreation of sperm motility was statisticaly significant (P < 0.05). The influence of ambient temperature in this case had no significant effect on boar semen with average values (group A), but has been reported statistical significance in deterioration of sperm motility (P <0.05) and number of morphologically abnormal sperm (P < 0.05) in group of boars, who showed below-average long-term semen quality (group B). In both groups there was lower sperm concentration, which could be due to the increased volume of ejaculate in the summer months.

The purpose of this dissertation is the verification of antioxidants, the vitamin C, the vitamin E and selen influence on the spermgenesis of breeding boars. The ejaculate quality was evaluated with the use of qualitative and quantitative figures (the ejaculate volume, the motility, the sperm concentration and the number of abnormal sperms). The experiment was done at the boars' insemination station (ISK) in Velké Meziříčí. In the experimet, there were 12 boars of DUROC race involved. The boars were split into two groups. By the first boars experimental group (n=6) there were added into the feeding batch 350 mg of the vitamín C (ascorbe acid); 70 mg of the vitamín E (alfatocoferol) and 0,5 mg of selen (selenomethionin) per one kilogram of this special diet. The second group of boars was used as the checking group and the volume of the vitamin C, the vitamin E and the selen was not increased in their diet. The experiment was running for 90 days (June -- August). At the checking group the volume of their ejaculate was increasing untill the 60th day of the experiment, in the final stage it has significantly dropped, totally by -19%. By the experimental group, the volume of the ejaculate was constantly increasing trend and the total volume increase during the experiment duration was +32%. The sperm motility at the checking group has decreased from the original 69% down to 54%, while at the experimental group it has increased by approximatelly 1%. The sperm concentration check -- by the checking group it has increased by +6% and by the experimental group the sperm concentration has decreased by -24%. The number of abnormal sperms at the checking group has increased by +1% and by the experimental group the number of pathologic sperms has increased by +30%. Based on our results it is possible to say, that selen, the vitamin C and vitamin E do not have a provable effect on the boars ejaculate quality. But we must také into the consideration also the summer season, during which the experiment was provided. There were higher temperatures affecting the animals, which could have negative influence on the results.

This diploma thesis deals with the quality of ejaculate of shepherd dog breeds. In the first part we will classify shephed dogs within the FCI organization and we will approach the breeds that we assess in this work. We will describe the anatomical and physiological characteristics of the reproductive organ of male dog, its ejaculate, ejaculation, semen and their development. We will also learn about the possibilities of dog ejaculate collection. In the main section we will deal with the evaluation of the ejaculate and we will focus on the macroscopic and microscopic examination of fresh ejaculate. In the course of the work, 100 ejaculates from 28 dogs belonging to I. FCI group will be evaluated, each dog will be taken twice to four times and one shot will be made from each sampling. The dogs will be divided into groups according to age, breed, stabling and feeding, and the examined parameters of the quality of the ejaculate will be discussed and compared. In terms of the monitored indicators, a highly statistically significant effect (P is less than or equal 0.01) of the order of collection on the volume of ejaculate obtained will be demonstrated. A statistically significant difference (P is less than or equal 0.05) between the first and the second sampling will be found in the evaluation of the effect of the order of collection during one day. The second volume will be found to be lower than the first one. It will be also shown that this value is affected by the age of the dog. According to our research, breed type and age of the dog causes a statistically significant difference (P is less than or equal 0,05) for sperm activity. The order of collection and stabling have a lesser influence on this indicator and the feed represents a negligible factor. Concerning the sperm concentration in the ejaculate, we will demonstrate a statistically significant difference (P is less than or equal 0.01) between the age groups of the dogs and the type of their accommodation. We will find a statistically significant difference (P is less than or equal 0.05) in the order of sampling. The factors of breed type and feed will have minimal influence in this case. We will not prove a statistical difference in the influence of the studied factors on color and odor, and we will be able to assert that these factors have negligible influence on these values. As for the qualitative sperm indicators, we will focus on the percentage of altered heads, connecting parts, flagella, degenerate and immature sperm. Concerning the values, we will conclude that the breed type, the age and, in the case of immature sperm, the order of collection have the most important influence on these parameters.

One of the requirements for a successful insemination in horse breeding is the selection of quality stallions which produced ejaculate in enough quantities and of good quality. For this purpose were discovered methods of dealing with the evaluation of semen quality. In this dissertation was ejaculate evaluated by using an objective computerized method CASA, system SCA. Monitoring the quality of sperm was performed on 11 breeding stallions involved in artificial insemination fresh sperm in ZH Písek. 53 samples of ejaculate were evaluated. Volume, sperm concentration, total and progressive motility and sperm vitality were monitored. Volume of ejaculate was from 20 to 127.5 ml. Average values of sperm concentration for individual stallions were from 104.18 to 384.4 M/ml. Average values of total motility were moving by interval from 51.23 to 89.54 %. Average progressive motility was move from 12.99 to 47.12 %. At sperm vitality were discovered average results from 35.16 to 71.21 %. The average value of individual stallions was identical to the Decree of the Ministry of Agriculture, which sets minimum requirements for quality indicators for short-term preservation of semen. Also the quality of the semen of stallions was compared by age. The first group was made by stallions to 10 years old and the second group were older stallions. It was found that the younger stallions to 10 years had higher semen volume and greater sperm concentration. Stallions older over 10 years had higher levels of total and progressive motility and sperm vitality. Next ejaculate quality was evaluate by the time interval between samples. Regular taken from stallions is doing better ejaculate quality but the time interval between samples is important. The best values were found in samples with interval between the sampling 4 or more days. The worst quality of sperm was in the samples with the interval between 1-2 days.