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<p>EU har beslutat sig för att gradvis plocka bort de vanliga glödlamporna från marknaden. Istället ska vi använda energismartare ljuskällor som lågenergi-, halogen- eller LED-lampor.</p><p>Vilken ljuskälla som ersätter den traditionella glödlampan är ännu oklar. Den värdiga ersättaren ska gärna vara fri från kvicksilver, energismart och inte alltför dyr.</p>

EU har beslutat sig för att gradvis plocka bort de vanliga glödlamporna från marknaden. Istället ska vi använda energismartare ljuskällor som lågenergi-, halogen- eller LED-lampor. Vilken ljuskälla som ersätter den traditionella glödlampan är ännu oklar. Den värdiga ersättaren ska gärna vara fri från kvicksilver, energismart och inte alltför dyr.

The diploma thesis focuses on Ecodesign and Life Cycle Assessment of furniture. Firstly, it introduces the historical origin of ecodesign as well as the standards and regulations of environmental policy. In the next part the ecodesign claims and standards are related to the furniture. The practical part focuses on Life Cycle Assessment of six different bar stools, the research is determined by environmental profiles of stools by using of ecoindicators. The aim of the thesis, prototyping of bar stool, is indicated in the last part of the diploma thesis, where the development of prototype is based on the previous investigation. Furthermore, the environmental profile evaluation of the prototype is also included.

The aim of the Thesis is to give an overview of selected companies from various industries that have an ecological approach and utilize green marketing together with a following overall evaluation forecast of likely development of the subject, mainly in the Czech Republic environment in comparison with the world.

Eco-design is all about improving products environmental performances throughout the products lifecycle by including the environmental aspect into the product development process. There are a large number of different tools that can be used for this, but there are several factors that can affect which one will be the best to use. Some tools for eco-design takes comprehensive studies and can only be performed by experts, while some tools can be used more time- and cost efficient and with basic knowledge. The choice of tool should be based on the company’s situation. This report describes the research of how the design and furniture company Blå Station could include a tool for eco-design in their product development process. The company had been working with environmental issues since the start in 1986 and used an environmental policy when developing new products. Although the product development process was vaguely defined, there were no specifications for how the environmental policy was to be included in the process. To investigate what tool would be the most suitable for Blå Station, a literature review was conducted. The review treated various eco-design tools, and product development processes. Based on the company’s resources and areas of expertise the LiDS-wheel was chosen as a suitable eco-design tool to use in future product development projects. The tool has great similarities with the company’s existing environmental policy, which facilitates a possible implementation. Furthermore, the tool is well known which may lead to a recognition factor for outsiders. The structure of the product development process was based on the company’s old way of working and the models of various researchers’. With LiDS-wheel included, the new product development process was applied when Blå Stations sound absorber was in need of a new wall mount. Earlier the sound absorber was mounted with magnets and steel washers, this solution made the product difficult to mount due to its great flexibility. A systematic wall mount with little adjustment range therefore became a new solution that increased the usability.

This diploma thesis deals with the problem of ecological design and optimization of electrical products. The theoretical part describes the ecodesign legislation and assessment tools. The practical part is deals with created software for evaluation and comparison of electrical products. I analyzed three flash drives, which are commonly used. In these flash drives analyze packages and these packages were evaluated and compared with software. The last section describes the problems of availability of the necessary information.

En färdig produkt föregås ofta av en komplex kedja material och komponenter, som kan ha färdats långa vägar och blivit bearbetade i en mångfald bearbetnings-processer. Genom att använda verktyg för miljöanpassad produktutveckling kan man redan i en produkts utvecklingsfas identifiera och vidta åtgärder för att förebygga miljöpåverkan som kan uppkomma i hela värdekedjan. Detta arbete har genomförts med företaget CEJN AB. Företaget önskade ett enkelt verktyg som kunde användas i produktutvecklingsarbetet för att jämföra miljöpåverkan hos olika material och processer. För att skapa ett kunskapsunderlag inventerades tillgängliga verktyg för miljöanpassad produktutveckling i ett fåtal utvalda studier. En livscykelanalys av en snabbkoppling utfördes i programvaran SimaPro, för att utreda var i produktens livscykel som störst miljöpåverkan uppkommer och för att skapa en bild av hur miljöpåverkan varierar i produktens olika livscykelfaser, under olika förutsättningar vad gäller transport- och användningsscenarion. Ett verktyg som kan användas av företaget för att integrera miljöaspekterna vid produktutveckling togs fram. För att möjliggöra snabba och överskådliga värderingar av miljöpåverkan hos olika material och processer var det viktigt att verktyget var lätt att använda samt att resultaten var enkla att tolka även för den som saknade tidigare kunskap om miljöaspekterna. Därmed var det nödvändigt att verktyget presenterades i ett bekant format och att det krävde minimal insats för upplärning. / A finished product is often preceded by a complex chain of materials and components. These materials and components may have been transported over long distances, and may have passed through a diverse set of production processes. By making use of Design for Environment-tools in the product development process, it is possible to identify and take action to prevent environmental impact that might arise at any stage of the value chain. This study was performed with CEJN AB. The company asked for a simple tool that could be used during the product development process, in order to compare the environmental impact of different materials and processes. To take inventory of available Design for Environment-tools a few selected studies were used to create a small knowledge basis. A life cycle assessment of a quick connect coupling was performed in order to establish where in the product’s life cycle the largest environmental impact arises. It was also used to evaluate how the environmental impact varies during the different life cycle phases, with different scenarios for transportation and usage. A tool that the company can make use of to integrate the environmental aspects in the product development process was put together. In order to enable quick screenings of the environmental impacts of different materials and processes, it was important that the tool would be simple to use and that the results could easily be interpreted by users without prior knowledge of the environmental aspects. Thus, it was necessary that the tool was presented in a familiar format and that it required minimal learning efforts.

THE TITLE OF THE DIPLOMA THESIS AND ABSTRACT TITLE: The Legislation Governing Energy Efficiency in the European Union ABSTRACT: The European Union's energy policy has undergone a major transformation over the last few years. The interest in ensuring sustainability, self-sufficiency, competitiveness and secure energy supplies leads to deeper energy integration among Member States. High energy efficiency is an ideal tool for achieving these particular objectives because its basic principle is to provide more services while using the same or even less energy. As a result, a variety of conceptual instruments and relevant legislation have been revised over the last few years, which was accompanied by a conflict of interest between various stakeholders and the adoption of less than ideal compromise solutions. This diploma thesis aims to evaluate the current legislation on energy efficiency in the European Union, including its development. The thesis is divided into three parts, the first of which represents the initial theoretical basis that aims to define the basic concepts and indicators of energy efficiency. The second part deals with the strong link between environmental protection and energy efficiency while emphasizing the importance of fundamental environmental principles that are reflected in the...