La plupart des recherches menées en France sur la science-fiction (SF) portent sur son évolution historique ou sur ses thématiques (Baudin 1971, Gattégno 1992, Grenier 1994, Goimard 1974, 1984, 2002, etc.).À notre connaissance, il n’existe pas d’étude pragmatique sur le rapport entre les formes linguistiques en récit de SF et leur signification. La plupart des études consacrées aux analyses textuelles (par exemple Angenot 1978) adoptent en effet une approche classique pour analyser le vocabulaire du genre sans tenir compte de son contexte. Or, afin de développer une meilleure compréhension de l’univers imaginaire de l’auteur et de son idéologie l’orientant vers des sujets « sérieux » sur le rapport de l’homme au monde, une approche pragmatique se révèle nécessaire. Cette étude se donne pour mission de combler cette lacune dans le domaine des recherches sur la SF, en proposant une lecture pragmatique du Monde enfin (2006) de J.-P. Andrevon, recueil de nouvelles sur la fin progressive du monde humain. Par ce travail, nous entendons concrètement étudier les intentions potentielles qu’héberge l’usage de certains marqueurs linguistiques (par exemple les implicatures, l’humour, les formes d’hétérogénéité énonciative), pour avancer des arguments sur des sujets écologiques. Les résultats préliminaires montrent que, d’un point de vue pragmatique et contrairement aux clichés sur le genre, le discours science-fictionnel s’avère être un des plus proches de notre réalité. Parmi les résultats, nous avons pu voir qu’associer des thèmes imaginaires et un langage ancré dans le réel contribuait à l’originalité et à la modernité du genre. / The majority of French research on science fiction (SF) examined its historical background, evolution, or the portrayal of various themes in SF texts (see e.g., Baudin 1971, Gattégno 1992, Grenier 1994, Goimard 1974, 1984, 2002, etc.).However, to our knowledge, no study has taken a pragmatic approach towards examining the relationship between the linguistic forms used in SF literature and their intended meaning. Most of the studies that examined text processing (see e.g., Angenot, 1978), took a traditional approach to analyze SF words in isolation from their contexts. Hence, a pragmatic analysis is needed that can lend a better understanding of the author’s ideology and his imaginary world that depicts the “serious” part of SF literature, concerning man and society. The present study seeks to address this gap in literature by analyzing a celebrated piece of SF i.e., The World At Last by Jean-Pierre Andrevon (2006) taking a pragmatic stylistic approach, based on the principles of discourse analysis. It concretely examines the potential intentions behind the use of specific linguistic means (e.g., implicatures, humor, enunciative heterogeneity) that present arguments concerning ecological issues. The preliminary results show that from a pragmatic looking glass, contrary to the cliché notions, SF discourse emerges as closer to our reality. It calls into question our present to foresee the dangers in our future, a finding which is difficult to access without taking context into account. A further finding shows that associating imaginary themes and language solidly anchored in real world contributes to the originality and to the modernity of the genre.

This thesis investigates the use of the pragmatic particles (PPs) 'enfin' and 'écoute' in French film dialogue, and their translations in British English subtitles. Using a corpus of nine films and eight episodes drawn from two television series – all released in the UK between 2005 and 2015, and equating to approximately twenty-two hours – the study identifies tokens across a much wider range of contexts than has previously been possible using traditional corpora. The main contribution is an analysis of PP functions. The results for 'enfin' show a different functional distribution of the particle to other corpora, with corrective 'enfin' occurring significantly less frequently. The relatively large number of tokens of performative and emotional (or affective) 'enfin' allows for an elaboration of these two categories, and a tendency is observed for 'enfin' to appear as an apparent disagreement mitigator in discussions between peers. With regard to 'écoute', it is argued that écoute1 functions as a face-threat mitigator in unequal relationships and écoute2 as an FTA, although the particle is multifunctional and some tokens exhibit characteristics of both categories. Attention is given to combinations of 'enfin' and 'écoute' with other particles: while there is a clear tendency for disagreement-mitigating 'enfin' to co-occur with 'mais', and for the precision and restrictive subcategories of the corrective to co-occur with 'je veux dire', other previously documented combinations ('enfin bon' and 'ben écoute') are not frequently occurring in the present corpus. The thesis also makes a significant contribution to the field of Audiovisual Translation (AVT). The English subtitles show high rates of omission for both particles consistent with previous research, with disagreement-mitigating 'enfin' particularly vulnerable to omission. However, the analysis reveals a surprising pattern regarding 'écoute': a clear division of labour between ‘look’ (used to translate more confrontational tokens) and ‘listen’ (more conciliatory and socially distant). The study includes an experimental analysis of the subtitles relative to their character limits, demonstrating a potential new approach for researchers wishing to investigate the impact of various subtitling constraints.

Cette étude consiste en l'élaboration d'un modèle éléments finis tridimensionnel décrivant le comportement des assemblages brochés et boulonnés des structures bois sous actions thermiques. Ce modèle intègre les champs de températures dans un modèle mécanique non linéaire. La validation du modèle réalisé à l'aide d'essais est faite en trois étapes : la validation mécanique à froid, celle thermique et celle thermomécanique. Après validation, le comportement des assemblages brochés unitaires est modélisé pour différentes durées d'exposition au feu. Enfin, la modélisation d'assemblages multiples met en évidence la caractérisation du nombre effectif en fonction des champs thermiques.