This thesis analyzes the environmental knowledge, attitudes and environmentally significant behaviors of the environmental professionals such as academicians and higher level of bureaucrats in Turkey. Additionally socio-demographic characteristics of target groups were measured to examine if environmental professionals having environmental knowledge and defending ecocentric or at least homocentric approaches do really reflect their attitudes and knowledge into actual behaviors or a paradox arises when actual behaviors are compared with expressed beliefs and attitudes. It was found that, socio-demographic characteristics such as gender, age and education were not show statistically significant difference at the respondents&rsquo / behavior. There only exist a positive relationship between education and environmental knowledge. Additionally, the data herein supports the theoretical assumption that, distinct professional groups have different environmental ethical approaches and different levels of environmental knowledge. Academicians have the highest consciousness level of environmental knowledge. Finally the most striking result is / although respondents have at least moderate level of environmental knowledge / there exist a statistically significant negative correlation between respondents&rsquo / environmental knowledge and their behavior.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Wollongong, 2005. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaf 201-203) and index.

Depuis les années 1970, les philosophies environnementales se sont essentiellement préoccupées de la question de la valeur morale de la nature rare et remarquable qui subsiste dans quelques régions de la planète. Héritant de la pensée américaine de la wilderness, les philosophes de l'environnement se sont efforcés de donner des fondations théoriques à la valeur intrinsèque d'une nature, dont l'homme se devait d'être absent. Ce faisant, Ils laissaient à penser que sur les terres habitées ou transformées par les hommes, qui couvrent la quasi-totalité de la surface de la planète, il fallait renoncer à penser la nature. A rebours de cette idée, nous soutenons qu'il y a de la nature dans les sociétés humaines, que nous faisons société avec la nature En suivant cette hypothèse, nous ferons apparaître, il partir d'un matériau descriptif varié, que nos activités productives et reproductives engagent, en effet, de nombreux acteurs naturels, mais aussi que, très souvent, nous nous conduisons mal avec ces derniers. C'est ce qui nous semble motiver l'élaboration d'une éthique de la nature ordinaire. / Since the 1970s, environmental philosophy has been mainly concerned with the intrinsic value of nature and with the preservation of some rare and remarkable forms of nature which stand in remote areas, Influenced by the American classical idea of wilderness, which excludes humans from nature, environmental philosophers worked to elaborate intrinsic value theories of nature. By doing so, they suggested that nature had disappeared from the hum an inhabited world, i.e. from almost the whole Earth. Against this idea, I argue for nature being part of our societies. Humans and nature share a living mutual interdependence. Following this hypothesis, we will see how natural beings could be considered partners in most of our productive and reproductive activities, while we often act wrongly with these natural members of our communities. That's why there is a need for an ethics of everyday nature.

Chapter one offers an introduction and a general outline of argument. Chapter two lays out the current scholarship on human rights and the environment and presents rejoinders to three prominent lines of objection to linking human rights and environmental interests: conceptual, those arising from issues of recognition, vagueness and conflicts between human rights, ecological, especially from those seeking protections for the environment regardless of its utility to humans, and those wishing to expand human rights beyond human interests, and adjudication concerns, namely from those sceptical that the polycentric nature of environmental issues create an insurmountable barrier to any significant improvements through judicially enforced human rights. Chapter three introduces and defends the environmental minimum as a normative framework for systematically conceptualizing the relationship between human rights and the environment. As such, it is chiefly concerned with ensuring a good faith regulatory engagement with environmental pollution: specific risks to recognised human rights trigger the environmental minimum, which then provides minimum standards (legal, established and emerging) that set the standard of review for determining whether a violation of human rights has occurred. Chapter four deals with the crucial empirical argument, outlining how the framework can systematically account for and consistently guide the further development of the case law under the European Convention on Human Rights. This conclusion rests on a comprehensive analysis of the environmental case law since 1950 using quantitative methods to expose doctrinal patterns previously not recognized in legal scholarship. Finally, chapter five explores and evaluates the potential benefits of the environmental minimum framework beyond human rights adjudication. Specifically, it investigates benefits to the varied fields of public law, regulatory policy, International Environmental Law, constitutionalism, and other international human rights treaties.

This work will focus on the Hans Jonas´ ethics and seek to demonstrate the relevance of, the dialogue between Philosophy, Biology and Law, in full technological era. While recognizing the need for extensive interaction between various areas of knowledge because of the challenges of environmental responsibility that redound to the possibility of having what Jonas calls |authentic human life on the planet|, it became necessary to make an epistemological cut due the for thematic limitation. Mainly in the light of statements contained in the book The imperative of responsibility, the environmental ethics theme will be analyzed from a biological, legal and specially philosophical standpoint. This will be deal with in specific, but not limited chapters, because Jonas´ proposed ethics will guide the analysis of each of them. / Este trabalho versará sobre a ética da responsabilidade de Hans Jonas e procurará demonstrar a relevância, em plena era tecnológica, do diálogo entre a Filosofia, a Biologia e o Direito. Embora se reconheça a necessidade de uma ampla interação entre as várias áreas do conhecimento frente aos desafios de uma responsabilidade ambiental que redunde na possibilidade de se ter o que Jonas denomina de vida humana autêntica no planeta , tornou-se imprescindível proceder a um corte epistemológico em vista da necessária limitação temática. À luz principalmente de assertivas constantes do livro O Princípio Responsabilidade, o tema ética ambiental será analisado do ponto de vista biológico, jurídico e especialmente filosófico, em capítulos específicos, porém não estanques, eis que a proposta ética de Jonas norteará a análise de cada um deles.

Orientador: Tarcisio de Paula Pinto / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Civil, Arquitetura e Urbanismo / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-12T17:01:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Cunha_NelmaAlmeida_M.pdf: 16326698 bytes, checksum: b2dfcde7c1a4abbf31e4fe5300c81045 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / Resumo: Este trabalho é uma abordagem do desenvolvimento sustentável no setor da construção civil, enfocando os resíduos gerados pelas atividades construtivas e o papel das usinas de reciclagem nesse contexto. Apresenta, ainda, conceitos referentes à sustentabilidade, à inovação cultural, aos impactos gerados e à reciclagem como alternativa técnica, econômica e ambientalmente viável. Desse modo, faz referência aos vários aspectos da legislação e do mercado, aos resíduos, considerando-se suas fontes geradoras, sua composição e sua minimização, baseada na redução quantitativa e em mudanças tecnológicas. É abordada, também, a reciclagem no canteiro de obra como alternativa para a minimização dos resíduos e apresenta-se um breve histórico das usinas no Brasil, os equipamentos utilizados na reciclagem, o processo de produção e o material produzido. Dessa forma, foi realizada pesquisa de campo em cinco usinas de reciclagem no estado de São Paulo, observando-se a chegada dos resíduos, a linha de produção, os produtos reciclados e sua utilização em obras civis. Constata-se que as usinas pesquisadas possuem características próprias em função de seus projetos, aspectos administrativos, infra-estrutura e equipamentos operacionais. Entre os diferenciais de cada usina destacam-se: o layout, os equipamentos utilizados na reciclagem e sua relação com os agentes sociais envolvidos. Analisam-se os dados de cada usina individualmente e os resultados, apresentados por categorias, sintetizam as características individuais e os aspectos essenciais de cada empreendimento. O trabalho finaliza com as considerações dos aspectos mais importantes para o sucesso das usinas pesquisadas, as quais serviram de embasamento para projetar o modelo de usina otimizada que poderá provocar o interesse na reutilização desses resíduos e incentivar caminhos para novos materiais de construção. / Abstract: This work is an approach to the development for sustentability in the sector of the Civil Construction, focusing the residues generated by the constructive activities and its use in the recycled aggregates production. As the production process in the construction industry is based on a lineal model is unviable, it degrades the middle-atmosphere and they contribute to the exhaustion of the natural resources. The recycling of the waste of the constructive activities for the Plants of Recycling constitutes an environmental alternative consolidated by several countries. With the implantation of recycling plants it becomes possible the minimization of the residues, transformed in raw material and beneficiaries for the production of recycled aggregates. Investigations were accomplished at located Plants of Recycling in the State of São Paulo through field research, observing the arrival of the residues in the plants, the production line, the generation of the recycled aggregates and its use in civil works; it was verified that the researched plants process own characteristics in function of their administrative aspects, of its infrastructure and of the operational equipments. Among the differential of the plants they stand out the plants, the equipments used in the recycling, the cooperative participation, the users of the recycled wastes and innovations in the administration of the development for sustentability in the Civil Construction. Datas were analysed individualy for each recycling plant and results were presented by categories , as well as, the individual characteristics and the seential aspects for each undertaking. Final considerations show the most important aspects for the success of the analysed plants that can give an orientation to up-to-date plants projects and to increase interests in the reuse of the residues and to start challenges to new construction materials / Mestrado / Edificações / Mestre em Engenharia Civil

Submitted by isabela.moljf@hotmail.com (isabela.moljf@hotmail.com) on 2017-05-26T13:27:23Z No. of bitstreams: 1 rodrigosallesdecarvalho.pdf: 3755534 bytes, checksum: 1bc9b732ab1b1a7ff6f830b8eafa2ab5 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2017-05-26T15:10:55Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 rodrigosallesdecarvalho.pdf: 3755534 bytes, checksum: 1bc9b732ab1b1a7ff6f830b8eafa2ab5 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-26T15:10:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 rodrigosallesdecarvalho.pdf: 3755534 bytes, checksum: 1bc9b732ab1b1a7ff6f830b8eafa2ab5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-04-19 / A presente Dissertação de Mestrado em Ecologia Aplicada ao Manejo e Conservação de Recursos Naturais tem por objetivo principal discutir as bases teóricas da ética ambiental relacionando-a à situação prática de conflito referente à presença de calitriquídeos (sagüis) introduzidos na área de Mata Atlântica do Estado do Rio de Janeiro reservada ao programa de conservação do mico-leão-dourado (outro calitriquídeo). Foi realizado um estudo extenso abordando o pressupostos dos princípios éticos e das correntes atuais da ética ambiental – antropocentrismo, sencientismo, biocentrismo e ecocentrismo – onde foram levantados seus aspectos característico e seus pontos convergentes e discrepantes. Os resultados deste estudo foram relacionados com uma pesquisa etnológica feita com os principais tomadores de decisão referente às opções de manejo dos sagüis, no sentido de revelar os possíveis pontos discordantes e facilitar um encaminhamento ético de questões valorativas originadas dentro do contexto da pesquisa científica. O contraste entre os valores morais encontrado nas respostas iluminados à luz das teorias abordadas mostra a importância de uma discussão aprofundada neste sentido e a relevância deste tipo de pesquisa dentro do contexto científico. / This study has as its main goal to explore the theoretical fundaments of the environmental ethics connecting it with the actual concern about two species of marmosets (Callithrix spp.) introduced in the Atlantic Rain Forest, a Golden lion tamarin’s (Leotopithecus rosalia) conservation area. A comprehensive research was made on the ethical principles of the main environmental ethics theories – anthropocentrism, sencientism, biocentrism and ecocentrism – highlighting their distinctive attributes as well as their convergent and divergent aspects. The results of this research were used as comparative ground to an ethnological research, made with the main stakeholders who are to decide which management attitude to take directed to the marmosets populations, and the major concern was to revel existing gaps, divergences and convergences in a way to increment this scientific research with an ethical support to its emerging value issues. Some discrepancies between the stakeholders’ moral considerations reveled through the light of the related ethical theories showed the necessity of a deeper discussion over this subject and the relevance of this kind of approach as a complement to technical issues on empirical science.

[pt] O homem tem causado cada vez mais transformações na natureza através da tecnologia. Embora seu desenvolvimento tenha em vista melhorar a qualidade da vida, seu uso se mostrou muitas vezes nocivo para o homem e para o meio ambiente. Ao mesmo tempo, a dimensão que as tecnologias alcançaram torna impensável uma sociedade dela desvinculada. Diante disto é fundamental que se coloque em questão a relação entre homem, tecnologia e natureza, a fim de pensar como ele tem agido e como pode agir em função dos objetivos que tem, com relação a si mesmo e ao ambiente em que vive. Para isto, tomamos aqui como referência o pensamento de Heidegger e de seus intérpretes, acreditando na riqueza de suas contribuições para a condução desta questão. / [en] The human being has caused more and more transformations on nature through technology. Although its development aims to improve the quality of life, its use many times showed itself harmful to the human and to the environment. At the same time, the dimension that technologies have reached makes fundamental to call into question the relation between human, technology and nature, in order to think how man has act and how he can act in function of his goals, in relation to himself and in relation to the environment in which he lives. Thus, we take here as reference the thought of Heidegger and of his interpreters, believing in the richness of his contributions to the guiding of our questioning.

During the past two decades, one of the positive developments in academia has been the emergence of a sizable literature pertaining to ecological education-the theory and practice of preparing children and adults alike for ecologically responsible citizenship. Gregory A. Smith, David W. Orr, and C. A. Bowers are three of the more prolific writers in the field. Smith critiques modern primary and secondary education and argues for, and paints a picture of, an alternative "green pedagogy" that seeks to inculcate in students strong community and ecological values. Orr focuses on the social and ethical problems associated with the environmental crisis and the changes that colleges and universities need to make in order to become propagators of, rather than impediments to, a widespread diffusion of ecological literacy. Bowers emphasizes the role that ecologically problematic modern cultural assumptions play in blinkering the ecological vision of most educational theorists and in preventing the flowering of an eco-justice pedagogy. Each writer seeks the transformation of both education and culture with a view toward realizing ecological sustainability, strong communities, social justice, and moral edification. They neglect or ignore some important subjects, including animal welfare ethics, politics, and corporate influence on governments.

Starting with the idea that unsustainable practices contribute to issues of social justice and poverty as much as to ecological issues. Chapter 1 traces the origins of the terms sustainable and development individually to see how it is that they came together. Chapter 2 traces the major international conferences and documents and their use of the terms sustainable development. Chapter 3 takes a phenomenology approach to get a bit deeper into sustainable development. I examine the most commonly cited definition of sustainable development as well as a broader definition of sustainable development as a process of change. Chapter 4 examines the field of environmental ethics and argues that constant debates over value distract policy makers from the central question of what morally motivates people to support environmental ethics views. Chapter 5 examines the institution and regime building process, and the conclusion offers three questions to measure our progress.