Orientador: Denise Bertoli Braga / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-12T14:41:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Moraes_MarcioAntoniode_M.pdf: 818743 bytes, checksum: 2045b4970accb460524bfeafb569cf62 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / Resumo: O presente trabalho reflete sobre o impacto do uso de novas tecnologias no processo de ensino-aprendizagem de textos em língua materna (LM). A pesquisa foi realizada com alunos do 2.º ano do Ensino Médio de duas escolas particulares do interior de São Paulo. A pesquisa, que se insere no campo da Lingüística Aplicada, foi orientada por metodologias quantitativas e qualitativas, através das quais foram gerados e analisados os seguintes registros: dissertações produzidas pelos alunos sobre eutanásia (109) e estrangeirismo (96), históricos de leitura (159), relatos sobre as (des)vantagens do uso da Rede (159) e textos-base extraídos da Internet. A análise quantitativa visou delinear como os jovens investigados estão explorando a informação veiculada no meio digital para a construção de seus textos. A análise dos registros revelou que, apesar do computador e da Rede já fazerem parte do cotidiano dos sujeitos pesquisados, eles apontaram dificuldades tanto na busca quanto na seleção de textos que auxiliassem na construção de argumentos para apoiar seus pontos de vista acerca dos temas propostos. A análise qualitativa da produção textual dos alunos, em tarefas que previam pesquisa na Internet, permitiu uma melhor compreensão de como os jovens investigados estão explorando a informação veiculada no meio digital para a construção de seus textos. Foi possível constatar que as dissertações produzidas pelos alunos resultaram da retextualização de diferentes excertos de um mesmo texto-base ou de diferentes excertos de vários textos base. Essa retextualização se deu através de duas operações: a reprodução e a reformulação, as quais representam os diferentes graus de apropriação das diversas vozes textuais que indicam uma evolução em direção à autoria do aluno. Dada a característica transdisciplinar da LA, foram mobilizados construtos da teoria de Bakhtin (1929,1953) sobre a linguagem e do interacionismo sóciodiscursivo (Bronckart, 1999; Schneuwly & Dolz, 2004 e Rojo, 1998). A pesquisa instiga uma reavalição sobre os modos de apropriação de textos digitais em escritas escolares. / Abstract: This study investigates the impact of the new technologies in the process of teaching and learning texts in a mother language. The research was conducted with second-year students of two private secondary schools of São Paulo State. The study, developed in the area of Applied Linguistics, was oriented by quantitative and qualitative methods through which the following records were generated and analyzed: students essays on euthanasia (109) and on the use of foreign words (96); detailed reading reports (159); descriptions on the (dis)advantages of Internet use (159); and texts from the net. Although computer and Internet were part of students' everyday activities, they pointed out difficulties of searching and choosing texts to support their own point of view and arguments on the proposed theme. Moreover, the students' essays were a result of retextualization of different excerpts from one or more texts. This retextualization occurred in two steps: reproduction and reformulation, which represent the different degrees of appropriation of the different voices that evolve towards the students' authorship. In view of the crossdisciplinary characteristic of Applied Linguistics, this research focused on constructs from Bakhtin language theory (1929, 1953), and on the re-reading of this theory in the light of Textual Linguistic (Marcuschi; Koch, 2004, 2005), and on the social-discursive interactionism (Bronckart, 1999; Schneuwly & Dolz, 2004 and Rojo, 1998). The study points to a revision of common sense conceptions about the way young people are exploring digital texts to fulfill the requirements of their school tasks. / Mestrado / Linguagem e Tecnologia / Mestre em Linguística Aplicada

Orientador: Francisco Elinaldo Teixeira / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Artes / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-19T23:44:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Yakhni_Sarah_D.pdf: 4719760 bytes, checksum: 513f712a278d5eaee58d9349fc0d5284 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Resumo: "Cinensaios de Varda: o documentário como escritapara além de si mesmo" é uma pesquisa sobre a produção documental de Agnès Varda, que se debruçasobre os seus filmes, tomando-os como objeto de estudo, no sentido de perceberquais são os procedimentos estilísticos que a realizadora lança mão naconstrução de suas narrativas. Primeiro fotógrafa, começou seu trabalho nocinema no contexto da Nouvelle Vague e a eclosão de novos paradigmas como atransparência do ato de narrar, a explicitação do ponto de vista, ainterferência direta do próprio realizador. Suas narrativas auto-referenciadas,incorporam características performáticas, reflexivas, poéticas, autobiográficase se contextualizam, num primeiro momento, dentro do universo do documentário modernodo pós-guerra, e vem afirmando a sua importância até os dias de hoje / Abstract: "Varda's cinessays: the documentary as a writing beyond itself" is a research on Agnès Varda'sdocumental production, which bends over her films, converting them into an object of study, in the sense of perceiving which are the stylistic procedures that the producer gives up in the construction of her narratives. Her workwith imagens started with the photography. She began her work in cinema inthe context of Nouvelle Vague and the eclosion of new paradigms such as thetransparency of the act of narrating, the explicitness of the viewpoint and thedirect interference of the producer herself. Her self-referenced narratives,incorporate performatic, reflexive, poetical, self-biographic charasteristicsand contexturize, in a first moment, within the universe of the modern post-wardocumentary and come affirming their importance up to today's moments / Doutorado / Multimeios / Doutor em Multimeios

O ensaio Todas as casas em mim investiga a relação entre os espaços da casa e o fazer fotográfico, corpo de 20 imagens produzidas em sistema digital entre 2010 e 2014. / The essay every home of myself investigate the relation between the spaces of home and the practice of photography, body of 20 images produced in digital system between 2010 and 2014.

Orientadores: Vera Lucia Xavier Figueiredo, Sandra Augusta Santos / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Matematica, Estatistica e Computação Cientifica / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-03T22:36:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Lima_GabrielLoureirode_M.pdf: 2893595 bytes, checksum: 2f0291ab4d03400c688381be8d87c52a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004 / Resumo: Este trabalho encaminha um estudo do calculo variacional para compreender e situar seus problemas classicos, reinterpretando-os, quando possivel, em outros contextos e buscando desdobramentos. Foram abordados os problemas claassicos, os problemas isoperimetricos, as condições necessarias e as condições suficientes para a existencia de extremos, a minimização de funcionais convexos e a teoria de Hamilton-Jacobi. Muitos exemplos foram incluidos com a finalidade de compreender a matematica envolvida e torna-la mais atraente. Para finalizar, foram apresentadas propostas de projetos, com as quais os professores podem abordar alguns conceitos fundamentais do calculo variacional com seus alunos / Abstract: This work presents a study of the variational calculus, focusing on the understanding and interpretation of its classical problems and related developments. The isoperimetric problems, the necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of an extreme, an overview of the minimization of convex functionals, and aspects of the Hamilton-Jacobi theory are approached as well. Examples are included, along the whole text, to illustrate and provide better appreciation of the theoretical development. Finally, suggestions of student research projects concerning fundamental concepts of the variational calculus are presented. / Mestrado / Mestre em Matemática

The aim of this paper was to investigate if students could become more proficient in their grammatical skills through feedback by underlining. The focus is on the problems students have with verbs when they learn English as a foreign language. 16 students from two different classes participated in the investigation. Eight of the students were interviewed on two occasions. They were shown essays they had written during the fall term of 2005. The teacher had underlined the errors they had made. During the interviews the students were asked to correct and explain the errors. The other eight students served as a control group since it could be suspected that the interviews might have an impact on the students’ performance. The results of this paper show that the students who were interviewed were able to correct most of the errors that had been underlined. The students in this group also seemed to improve more than the control group, but the results of this investigation are inconclusive, since the total number of errors made was fairly small. Therefore, it is difficult to determine how much the students improved their proficiency in English grammar.

Good writing skills are essential in the education system at all levels. However, the evaluation of essays is labor intensive and can entail a subjective bias. Automated Essay Scoring (AES) is a tool that may be able to save teacher time and provide more objective evaluations. There are several successful AES systems for essays in English that are used in large scale tests. Supervised machine learning algorithms are the core component in developing these systems. In this project four AES systems were developed and evaluated. The AES systems were based on standard supervised machine learning software, i.e., LDAC, SVM with RBF kernel, polynomial kernel and Extremely Randomized Trees. The training data consisted of 1500 high school essays that had been scored by the students' teachers and blind raters. To evaluate the AES systems, the agreement between blind raters' scores and AES scores was compared to agreement between blind raters' and teacher scores. On average, the agreement between blind raters and the AES systems was better than between blind raters and teachers. The AES based on LDAC software had the best agreement with a quadratic weighted kappa value of 0.475. In comparison, the teachers and blind raters had a value of 0.391. However the AES results do not meet the required minimum agreement of a quadratic weighted kappa of 0.7 as defined by the US based nonprofit organization Educational Testing Services. / Jag har utvecklat och utvärderat fyra system för automatisk betygsättning av uppsatser (AES). LDAC, SVM med RBF kernel, SVM med Polynomial kernel och "Extremely Randomized trees" som är standard klassificerarprogramvaror har använts som grunden för att bygga respektivt AES system.

Le point de départ de cette thèse est une interrogation sur la littérature contemporaine, sur le rapport qu’elle entretient avec la tradition littéraire et sur la figure auctoriale qu’elle bâtit. Les oeuvres de Gonçalo M. Tavares (1970), Enrique Vila-Matas (1948) et Henri Raczymow (1948), placées à la croisée de la fiction et de l’essai, proposent un dialogue intense avec la théorie littéraire. Le travail de ces trois auteurs européens peut en effet être lu comme une réponse aux problèmes posés par la théorie, comme ceux soulevés par les notions de « mort de l’auteur » et d’épuisement de la littérature. La présente étude cherche à trouver de nouveaux outils pour lire ces textes contemporains, tout en observant, en même temps, leur corrélation avec les débats qui ont animé les études littéraires dans les années 1960 et 1970. Pour guider cette démarche, j’ai choisi le dernier cours de Roland Barthes au Collège de France, La Préparation du roman, entre 1978 et 1980. Barthes y réfléchit sur son désir d’entamer une écriture qui rompt avec ses travaux précédents, et réalise une recherche sur la façon dont l’écrivain fait une oeuvre. Il y ébauche certaines notions qui restent pourtant dans un état sommaire. Mon travail consiste à les interroger, les problématiser et à les dépasser, afin de les projeter sur l’oeuvre de trois auteurs en activité. L’étude des oeuvres de Tavares, Vila-Matas et Raczymow me permet d’esquisser une nouvelle figure auctoriale, plus active que celle du lecteur/scripteur, et qui ne ressent pas le besoin de choisir entre la maîtrise totale du texte et la « mort de l’auteur ». Cet auteur devient un auteur-squatteur, qui occupe sa place à force de filiation. Il construit son autorité en l’insérant dans un « lignage », en tant que continuateur de la littérature. / The starting point of this thesis is an examination of contemporary literature, specifically, the relationship it establishes with the literary tradition and the figure of the author that is constructed by its discourse. The works of Gonçalo M. Tavares (1970), Enrique Vila-Matas (1948) and Henri Raczymow (1948), situated at the crossroads between fiction and the essay, embody an intense dialogue with literary theory. The works of these three European authors can be understood as a response to the problems raised by theory, such as the idea of the “death of the author” and the exhaustion of literature. This study seeks to set out new perspectives for reading these contemporary texts while considering, at the same time, the way in which they correlate with the debates that animated literary studies in the 1960s and 1970s. In order to guide this approach, I chose Roland Barthes’ final course at the Collège de France, The Preparation of the Novel, which took place between 1978and 1980. Barthes reflects upon his desire to create a form of writing that breaks with his earlier work and proposes an investigation of how a writer creates a work. He puts forward some concepts, although leaving them underdeveloped. My research consists therefore in problematizing and elaborating these concepts through turning them into approaches for analyzing the works of three authors in action. The study of the works of Tavares, Vila-Matas and Raczymow allows for a vision of a new literary figure, more active than the lecteur/scripteur and who does not feel the need to choose between the total mastery of the text and the “death of the author”. This author becomes a squatter-author, who occupies his place through his affiliations. He constructs his authority by integrating himself into a lineage, as a continuator of literature.

The Poetics of Artavazd Peleshyan's Cinema Abstract This thesis presents an analysis of the poetics of Artavazd Peleshyan's cinema based on the theory of poetics of cinema developed by David Bordwell. The first part introduces the reader to the director's work, includes a literature overview and outlines the methodological approach. The main theoretical frame of reference was provided by David Bordwell's concept of the poetics of cinema, which he developed in several publications. The second part of the thesis focuses on the analysis itself, and consists of three chapters that present the main components of a film work: thematics, stylistics and large-scale form. The first of these chapters focuses on basic thematic elements in individual Peleshyan's films and summarizes key themes represented throughout his work. The second chapter presents an analysis of the stylistic component of his work, consisting primarily of combining images and sounds expressed through the montage. This part also deals with Peleshyan's theory of distance montage and illustrates its mechanisms of distance connections using specific examples. The third and final chapter focuses on the formal aspects of Peleshyan's work and discusses its large-scale from the perspective of the essay film. This thesis presents the basic characteristics...

Diploma thesis The travelogue variations of the Czech interwar literature deals with travelouge as a specific literary genre in the interwar period of Czech literature. The first part presents an overview of variantions travelouge genre definitions as they are set out in basic literary compendia and dictionaries, and allows to divide and characterize four basic types of travelouge genre - travelouge adventurous, ideological, essayistic and poetry. The second part of the thesis is more focuses on the essayistic travelouge books of Karel Čapek and Jaroslav Durych, especially on the texts Italské listy, Anglické listy, Výlet do Španěl, Plížení Německem, Pouť do Španělska and Římská cesta. Elementary analysis is subjected to the first category - topos of the street and church/cathedral which allows to observe different poetics and ways of perceiving of two representative authors of Czech interwar literature. Keywords: travelogue, essay, interwar literature, Karel Čapek, Jaroslav Durych, first category.

Ce travail se donne pour objectif d’engager une réflexion sur l’oeuvre de Claude Esteban,qui inclut la poétique, la théorie de la traduction, ainsi que la critique littéraire etartistique. Mettant l’accent sur l’instabilité de sa conception du langage, qui oscille entrele régime du signe et le régime du discours, on montre que la particularité de sa pratiqueréside dans une tension dialectique entre l’historique et le métaphysique. L’analyse de lapensée du langage, dont relèvent tous les systèmes de signifiance, permet de maintenir lasystématicité de l’oeuvre, mais aussi de dégager son mode de fonctionnement. Tout ensuivant la démarche tâtonnante de Claude Esteban, qui s’est manifestée dans le choix del’essai comme forme critique, on privilégie son point de vue historique sur l’art et lalittérature, qui s'attache à mettre en évidence la valeur propre des oeuvres, leur spécificité. / The study reflects on the work of Claude Esteban, including his poetics, translation theoryand literary and artistic criticism. Emphasising the instability of Esteban’s conception oflanguage, which fluctuates between a focus on signs and a focus on discourse, we showthat the specificity of his work lies in a dialectic tension between history andmetaphysics. An analysis of his approach to language – on which all systems of meaningare based – preserves the systematic nature of Esteban’s work while also revealing how itworks. Guided by Esteban’s own tentative approach, as evidenced by his choice of theessay as a critical form, we concentrate on his historical approach to art and literature,which underlines the inherent value and specificity of his works.