No description available.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 2001. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 111-112). Also available on the Internet.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 1986. / Typescript (photocopy). Includes bibliographical references (p. 34-35). Also issued in print.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 1986. / Typescript (photocopy). eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (p. 34-35).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 2001. / Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (p. 111-112).

RESUMO Este trabalho objetivou analisar alguns fatores relacionados à estética facial e aos tratamentos dentários estéticos na visão de pacientes e cirurgiões-dentistas e, principalmente, as divergências entre ambos. O levantamento de dados foi realizado mediante a aplicação de questionários com 32 questões coincidentes para ambos os grupos de profissionais e de pacientes, e duas específicas aos profissionais. As perguntas referiam-se à estética, à motivação, às informações e aos esclarecimentos sobre tratamentos odontológicos. Foram entrevistados 150 pacientes e 150 profissionais de consultórios particulares e de cursos de especialização e aperfeiçoamento –alunos e professores - de duas instituições. Dos pacientes, 98 eram do sexo feminino e 52 do sexo masculino, predominando indivíduos com grau de instrução do ensino médio (40%), seguido de superior completo (28%). Dentre os profissionais, 83 eram do sexo feminino e 67 do sexo masculino, sendo 37 especialistas, 14 mestres, 2 doutores e um livre docente. A análise e a discussão dos resultados obtidos no presente trabalho possibilitaram as seguintes conclusões: 1) os conceitos de estética em geral de pacientes e profissionais são muito semelhantes, à exceção da coloração dos dentes, considerada mais importante pelos pacientes que pelos profissionais; 2) quanto à estética em outras pessoas, a avaliação das características negativas em próteses demonstrou divergência acentuada entre os dois grupos pois, enquanto para os pacientes a estética é comprometida pela presença de grampos, para os profissionais a cinta metálica é que compromete a estética; 3) com relação à estética do sorriso em si mesmo, pacientes e profissionais divergiram - os pacientes apontaram a exposição dos dentes superiores, enquanto os profissionais indicaram o desvio dos arcos dentários; 4) no que tange às motivações e expectativas para o tratamento odontológico também houve iscrepâncias para os pacientes, a manutenção da saúde é determinante, e os profissionais afirmaram que os seus serviços são procurados por motivo de dor; 5) quanto aos resultados dos tratamentos, os pacientes demonstraram o desejo de receber próteses que lhes proporcionassem conforto, enquanto os profissionais acreditam que o fator mais importante para seus pacientes é a estética da prótese; 6) a cor dos dentes - muito valorizada pelos os pacientes quando se trata de características dentárias - perde importância no contexto de uma prótese, contrariamente ao que pensam os profissionais, que colocaram esse item como o segundo mais importante; 7) no contexto das informações e esclarecimentos, os profissionais quase que unanimemente afirmaram optar por condutas consideradas adequadas, enquanto o número de pacientes que declararam ter recebido esse tipo de conduta é bem menor; 8) quando da ocorrência de desentendimentos, os pacientes declararam que optam pela troca de profissional, enquanto a maioria dos profissionais procura chegar a uma solução amigável com o paciente. / SUMMARY This research aimed to analyze some factors regarding the facial esthetic and the esthetical dental treatment according to the patients’ and dentists’view and, specially, the differences between both of them. The research was made based on questionnaires with 32 similar questions to both groups, professionals and patients, and 2 specific questions to the professionals. The questions referred to esthetic, motivation and explanation about dental treatment. 150 patients and 150 professionals from private dental offices and latu sensus courses, including students and professors, of two institutions were interviewed. Among patients, 98 female and 52 males were interviewed and the interviewees with secondary education only were predominant (40%), followed by interviewees with post secundary education (28%). Among the professionals, 83 female and 67 males were interviewed, among which 37 had latu sensu degree, 14 masters of science, 2 Ph.D and 01 post doctoral level. The analysis and discussion of the results from this research led us to the following conclusions: 1) the patients’ and professionals’concepts regarding esthetic are very similar, except regarding the teeth color, which is considered more important by the patients than by the professionals; 2) in reference to other people’s esthetic, the analysis of the negative characteristics in prosthesis demonstrated important differences between both groups. For patients, the esthetic is influenced by the presence of clasps, and for professionals, the esthetic is influenced by metal band exposure. 3) regarding their own smiles, professionals’ and patients’ opinion diverged. Patients highlighted the superior teeth exposures; meanwhile professionals indicated the dental arch displacement; 4) there were also discrepancies in relation to motivation and expectation about dental treatment. For patients, the health maintenance is determinant, and professionals affirmed that patients look for their professionals services when they feel pain; 5) in relation to the treatment results, patients demonstrated desires to wear prosthesis that provide them comfort; meanwhile professionals believe that the most important agent to their patients is prosthesis esthetic; 6) the teeth color, which are very important for the patients when they consider dental characteristics, looses its importance for patients in a prosthesis context. On the contrary, professionals consider the teeth color a secondary element; 7) in information and explanation context, professionals affirmed almost unanimously to choose for conducts considered suitable, meanwhile the number of patients that stated to have received these kind of conducts is very inferior; 8) in the case of a disagreement, patients declared to choose the change of professional,meanwhile most of professional prefers to reach an friendly solution with their patients.

RESUMO Este trabalho objetivou analisar alguns fatores relacionados à estética facial e aos tratamentos dentários estéticos na visão de pacientes e cirurgiões-dentistas e, principalmente, as divergências entre ambos. O levantamento de dados foi realizado mediante a aplicação de questionários com 32 questões coincidentes para ambos os grupos de profissionais e de pacientes, e duas específicas aos profissionais. As perguntas referiam-se à estética, à motivação, às informações e aos esclarecimentos sobre tratamentos odontológicos. Foram entrevistados 150 pacientes e 150 profissionais de consultórios particulares e de cursos de especialização e aperfeiçoamento –alunos e professores - de duas instituições. Dos pacientes, 98 eram do sexo feminino e 52 do sexo masculino, predominando indivíduos com grau de instrução do ensino médio (40%), seguido de superior completo (28%). Dentre os profissionais, 83 eram do sexo feminino e 67 do sexo masculino, sendo 37 especialistas, 14 mestres, 2 doutores e um livre docente. A análise e a discussão dos resultados obtidos no presente trabalho possibilitaram as seguintes conclusões: 1) os conceitos de estética em geral de pacientes e profissionais são muito semelhantes, à exceção da coloração dos dentes, considerada mais importante pelos pacientes que pelos profissionais; 2) quanto à estética em outras pessoas, a avaliação das características negativas em próteses demonstrou divergência acentuada entre os dois grupos pois, enquanto para os pacientes a estética é comprometida pela presença de grampos, para os profissionais a cinta metálica é que compromete a estética; 3) com relação à estética do sorriso em si mesmo, pacientes e profissionais divergiram - os pacientes apontaram a exposição dos dentes superiores, enquanto os profissionais indicaram o desvio dos arcos dentários; 4) no que tange às motivações e expectativas para o tratamento odontológico também houve iscrepâncias para os pacientes, a manutenção da saúde é determinante, e os profissionais afirmaram que os seus serviços são procurados por motivo de dor; 5) quanto aos resultados dos tratamentos, os pacientes demonstraram o desejo de receber próteses que lhes proporcionassem conforto, enquanto os profissionais acreditam que o fator mais importante para seus pacientes é a estética da prótese; 6) a cor dos dentes - muito valorizada pelos os pacientes quando se trata de características dentárias - perde importância no contexto de uma prótese, contrariamente ao que pensam os profissionais, que colocaram esse item como o segundo mais importante; 7) no contexto das informações e esclarecimentos, os profissionais quase que unanimemente afirmaram optar por condutas consideradas adequadas, enquanto o número de pacientes que declararam ter recebido esse tipo de conduta é bem menor; 8) quando da ocorrência de desentendimentos, os pacientes declararam que optam pela troca de profissional, enquanto a maioria dos profissionais procura chegar a uma solução amigável com o paciente. / SUMMARY This research aimed to analyze some factors regarding the facial esthetic and the esthetical dental treatment according to the patients’ and dentists’view and, specially, the differences between both of them. The research was made based on questionnaires with 32 similar questions to both groups, professionals and patients, and 2 specific questions to the professionals. The questions referred to esthetic, motivation and explanation about dental treatment. 150 patients and 150 professionals from private dental offices and latu sensus courses, including students and professors, of two institutions were interviewed. Among patients, 98 female and 52 males were interviewed and the interviewees with secondary education only were predominant (40%), followed by interviewees with post secundary education (28%). Among the professionals, 83 female and 67 males were interviewed, among which 37 had latu sensu degree, 14 masters of science, 2 Ph.D and 01 post doctoral level. The analysis and discussion of the results from this research led us to the following conclusions: 1) the patients’ and professionals’concepts regarding esthetic are very similar, except regarding the teeth color, which is considered more important by the patients than by the professionals; 2) in reference to other people’s esthetic, the analysis of the negative characteristics in prosthesis demonstrated important differences between both groups. For patients, the esthetic is influenced by the presence of clasps, and for professionals, the esthetic is influenced by metal band exposure. 3) regarding their own smiles, professionals’ and patients’ opinion diverged. Patients highlighted the superior teeth exposures; meanwhile professionals indicated the dental arch displacement; 4) there were also discrepancies in relation to motivation and expectation about dental treatment. For patients, the health maintenance is determinant, and professionals affirmed that patients look for their professionals services when they feel pain; 5) in relation to the treatment results, patients demonstrated desires to wear prosthesis that provide them comfort; meanwhile professionals believe that the most important agent to their patients is prosthesis esthetic; 6) the teeth color, which are very important for the patients when they consider dental characteristics, looses its importance for patients in a prosthesis context. On the contrary, professionals consider the teeth color a secondary element; 7) in information and explanation context, professionals affirmed almost unanimously to choose for conducts considered suitable, meanwhile the number of patients that stated to have received these kind of conducts is very inferior; 8) in the case of a disagreement, patients declared to choose the change of professional,meanwhile most of professional prefers to reach an friendly solution with their patients.

No description available.

No description available.

This thesis explores the ethical impact of literary narrative fictions on the reader. It does so by focusing mainly on the reading experience since one of the main claims of the thesis is that literary narrative fictions are co-products of the author and the reader. In that sense the aforementioned impact cannot be understood without taking into account the creative acts of the reader. The exploration is carried out by focusing on three scholars whose investigations on the problem of literary experience can be read as complementary works. In the first chapter I descriptively lay out Roman Ingarden's investigation on the ontological and structural character of the literary work of art along with his phenomenological inquiry into the cognition of this work. By examining his basic claims about the nature of the literary work of art and its cognition, I discuss the ontological incompleteness of these works which necessitates the active role of the reader in giving the work its final shape. In the second chapter I focus upon Wolfgang Iser's reader-response theory. Iser's theory goes parallel to Ingarden's in the sense that they both accept the openness of the work to the creative acts of the reader. Iser, however by his notions of depragmatization, negation and negativity suggest us a two-way traffic between the fictional work and the reader. Through the reading proses, by virtue of the negations and de-pragmatizations, the work invites the reader to reflect on the familiar norms it represents and suggest to her a new model to understand the real world. In this way, while giving a shape to the work, the reader is also shaped by it. The third chapter addresses the phenomenological hermeneutics of Paul Ricoeur. By exploring his notion of “narrative identity” as a mediator between the ipse and idem identities, my aim is to show the influence of the literary fictional narratives in understanding the identity of the individual subject as a temporal, historical, and intersubjective being. It is only through this understanding that we can construe the subject in her ethical identity. I will also focus on Ricoeur's notions of “emplotment,” and “threefold mimesis,” which implies the active role of the reader in realizing the literary narrative fiction, so that I can reveal how fictional narratives enhance the notion of narrative identity.