Jonas Kiselis, Kainų stabilumo užtikrinimas esant fiksuotam valiutos kursui [Rankraštis]: bakalauro baigiamasis darbas: economika. Vilnius, ISM Vadybos ir ekonomikos universitetas, 2009. Šis darbas apie kainų stabilumo užtikrinimą ir infliacijos problemas, iškylančias valstybėms, palaikančioms fiksuotą savo nacionalinės valiutos kursą kitos inkaro valiutos atžvilgiu. Darbe analizuojama dviejų ekonominių regionų ekonominė padėtis šiuo aspektu: Baltijos šalių ir Įlankos Bendradarbiavimo Tarybos. Šie du regionai palyginami, išnagrinėjama, ką jie turi bendro ir kuo skiriasi savo ekonomikų specifika. Pirmoje dalyje analizuojama esama situacija praėjusio laikotarpio kontekste, analizuojamos pagrindinės priežastys, labiausiai lemiančios kainų nestabilumą ir infliacijos lygį Baltijos ir ĮBT ekonominių regionų šalyse. Bandomos pasverti teigiamos ir neigiamos fiksuoto šių valstybių valiutų kursų pasėkmės jų ekonomikoms. Antrojoje dalyje iš teorinės pusės apžvelgiama kainų stabilumo ir infliacijos problematika ekonomikose, kurių valiutos susietos su „inkaru“ (kitos valstybės valiuta arba valiutų krepšeliu). Aiškinamasi, kokių priemonių turi būti imamasi siekiant išlaikyti stabilų kainų lygį ir žemą infliaciją valstybėje, palaikančioje fiksuotą savo nacionalinės valiutos kursą ir apskritai, kokiais atvejais valstybei verta rinktis fiksuotą, o kokiais plaukiojantį valiutos kurso mechanizmą. Trečioje dalyje atliekamas tyrimas, kuriame, naudojantis tiesine regresine analize, bandoma... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Jonas Kiselis, Prices Stability Issue Under Fixed Exchange Rate [Rankraštis]: bakalauro baigiamasis darbas: economics. Vilnius, ISM Vadybos ir ekonomikos universitetas, 2009. This paperwork is aimed at analysing prices stability and infliation issues arising in economies of countries with fixed exchange rate. Two economic regions‘ economic states are being analysed from attitude of abovementioned issue. These are Baltic states and Gulf Cooperation Council. These two regions are compared, analysed what is general and different by characteristics of their economies. The first part is dedicated to current situation analysis in context of the past periods of time. The prevailing reasons of prices instability and inflation in the Baltics and GCC are analysed. Both positive and negative consequences of fixed exchange rate are evaluated in these economies. In the second part, prices stability and inflationary issues are reviewed in a country with economy of fixed exchange rate regime, whose currency is pegged to „anchor“ (currency of another country or a basket of currencies). What remedies need to be taken as an instrument of an economic policy in order to manage sustainable prices stability and low inflation rate in the country of fixed exchange rate. What are the cases when a country has to choose fixed exchange rate and what are the cases for a floating exchange rate regime as an optimal option. A research is conducted in the third part of this work. Linear regression analyses... [to full text]

Small business managers are experiencing a 30% turnover of employees, costing U.S. businesses $41.3 million per year. The purpose of this case study was to explore the strategies that experienced business managers use in small accounting firms to respond effectively to generational differences in workplace engagement. Using a purposeful sampling technique, 5 managers possessing successful experience in issues related to generational differences in the workplace were recruited from small accounting firms located in Midwestern United States to participate in semi-structured interviews about engaging a multi-generational workforce. Methodological triangulation was used to analyze the data collected through semi-structured interviews and observations, which were grouped into common nodes and themes. Three themes emerged, including providing resources and incentives, giving opportunities, and forming relationships between managers and subordinates. These themes aligned with leader-member exchange theory, indicating the need for managers and subordinates to establish high-quality relationships which result in more engaged employees. The results from this study might contribute to social change by providing transferable knowledge about how management behaviors affect the engagement of employees, which could assist more business owners to take generational differences into account, and in turn produce more engaged and satisfied employees. Responding effectively to generational differences in workplace engagement may lead to less employee turnover, which may increase revenue and translate into social responsibility and sustainability programs in the community.

International joint ventures (IJVs), as organisational entities which are formed and controlled by local and foreign firms, are one of the most significant ways of expansion of international firms. IJVs have complex characteristics and the management of IJVs faces many problems. Due to these problems, IJV performance has attracted significant research attention – eventually any strategy has to be evaluated in terms of its success. The aim of this study is to investigate the factors that affect inter-organisational trust and as a result, the performance of IJVs in Iran, a developing country, which is in the early stages of the development of IJVs. According to Abosag and Lee (2012), there are few studies that concentrate on IJVs in developing and Middle Eastern countries and more studies on these areas are required. This empirical study is preceded by a systematic review of the relevant literature that led to the development of a conceptual model. The data were collected from a sample of managers in the industry sector of IJVs in Iran with their Asian partners by using a survey questionnaire, and analysed using the statistical package for social sciences, SPSS V.18. The results from this study show that inter-partner fit factors and relational factors have a strong and positive impact on the level of trust; however, fairness was not found to be positive and significantly related to trust. Religion and country risk were found to have a negative and significant relationship with trust. Moreover, a strong and positive relationship between trust and performance features (satisfaction, goal achievement and learning) and between commitment and performance features (satisfaction, goal achievement and learning) were found. This research provides empirical evidence for inter-organisational trust predictor variables for performance. A key contribution of this research is that it offers a robust framework that explains the antecedents of trust and demonstrates that trust has a definite positive impact on the performance of IJVs. The proposed framework is evaluated and tested against the original criteria of trust in IJVs, exactness and executability. Moreover, this study provides a novel contribution to the growing literature on trust in IJVs, particularly for developing countries such as Iran and the Middle East countries. The results of this research provide us with a meaningful managerial implication for the selection of competitors as IJV partners.

[pt] As mudanças tecnológicas e regulatórias foram facilitadores para o surgimento dos investidores de alta frequência, HFTs, no mix de participantes do mercado financeiro. Como classe, estes investidores não constituem uma entidade coerente e seu impacto e contribuição para a formação do preço não é clara. Esse trabalho analisou 10 categorias de investidores, que se diferenciam por suas características de latência, a partir de uma base de dados composta por todas as ordens enviadas para o book de dólar futuro com vencimento em 1 de agosto de 2013, da Bolsa de Valores e Mercadorias e Futuros (BMFBovespa). Dentre toda as categorias de instidores testadas, a categoria HFT 1, a mais rápida de todas, foi a que apresentou o maior coeficiente de impacto no preço, 20 por cento, e a maior medida de contribuição relativa para a volatilidade fundamental, 10 por cento. / [en] Technological and regulatory changes were facilitators for the emergence of high frequency traders, HFTs, in the mix of financial market participants. As a class, these investors do not constitute a coherent entity and its impact and contribution to the price formation are not clear. This study analyzed 10 categories of investors, who are distinguished by their latency characteristics from a database comprised of all orders sent to the book of future dollar maturing on August 1, 2013, in the Brazilian Stock Exchange and Commodities and Futures Exchange (BMFBovespa). Among all the categories of investors tested, the HFT 1, the fastest of all, was the one that had the highest coefficient of impact on price, 20 per cent, and a larger measure of relative contribution to fundamental volatility, 10 per cent.

[pt] A presente tese é composta por três pesquisas. A primeira pesquisa buscou averiguar o relacionamento entre o FXvol e os retornos futuros da taxa cambial e do índice de mercado de ações, dado que o índice de volatilidade FXvol é visto como um termômetro da incerteza do investidor um período a frente. Investiga-se então a relação contemporânea entre o FXvol, a Ptax e o Ibovespa, bem como a capacidade do FXvol de captar a possível relação entre o nível de incerteza presente no mercado e as variações relativas futuras da taxa de câmbio e do índice de ações. A segunda pesquisa comparou os modelos GARCH tradicionais e o modelo GARCH com troca de regimes no que tange seu poder de previsão da volatilidade cambial. Buscou-se comparar o desempenho de cada um dos modelos em uma situação real de utilização, no caso, no cálculo do Valor em Risco de uma carteira cambial. A terceira pesquisa buscou identificar a existência do efeito manada no mercado brasileiro e compreender a influência do câmbio nesse efeito, devido à importância do mercado cambial para a realidade brasileira. A metodologia compreendeu dois passos, em um primeiro momento buscou-se analisar a média do efeito através de regressões tradicionais e num segundo momento estudar a variação do efeito ao longo do tempo através do método do Filtro de Kalman. / [en] The present thesis consists of three researches. The first research sought to ascertain the relationship between FXvol and future exchange rate and stock market index returns as the FXvol volatility index is viewed as a thermometer of investor uncertainty for a period ahead. The contemporary relationship between FXvol, Ptax and Ibovespa, as well as the ability of FXvol to capture the possible relationship between the level of uncertainty present in the market and the relative future return of the exchange rate and the stock index. The second research compared the traditional GARCH models and the GARCH model with regime changes regarding its power to predict the exchange rate volatility. We attempted to compare the performance of each of the models in a real situation of use, in this case, in the calculation of the Value at Risk of an exchange portfolio. The third research sought to identify the existence of the herd effect in the Brazilian market and to understand the influence of the exchange rate in this effect, due to the importance of the exchange market for the Brazilian market. The methodology comprised two steps, initially attempting to analyze the mean of the effect through regressions and in a second moment to study the variation of the effect over time through the Kalman Filter method.

The specific objectives of this project were: 1) Determine financial viability of enrolling forest landowners in Chicago Climate Exchange (CCX) forestry carbon offset protocols; 2) Determine financial trade-offs associated with managing loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) and Cherrybark oak (Quercus pagoda Raf.) stands for increased carbon sequestration and timber; 3) Examine financial feasibility of increasing carbon accumulation in wood products carbon by extending rotation length of loblolly pine stands; and 4) Explore potential impacts of carbon policies and programs on future carbon accumulation in Mississippi’s forest sector.