Abstract: The main objectives of this Thesis is comprehensive describtion of the current situation of the Czech export support policy. The Thesis presents perspectives of financing possibilities of industrial works and projects in emerging markets countries, analyses the German export support policy and introduces opportunities for the improvement of the status of export oriented Czech companies

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(経済学) / 甲第19163号 / 経博第517号 / 新制||経||274(附属図書館) / 32155 / 京都大学大学院経済学研究科経済学専攻 / (主査)教授 神事 直人, 教授 柴田 章久, 教授 佐々木 啓明 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Economics / Kyoto University / DGAM

International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 25-28, 1993 / Riviera Hotel and Convention Center, Las Vegas, Nevada / Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) data systems are used extensively in testing aircraft all over the world. These systems can be tailored to almost any set of measurement requirements using flexible, modular equipment available from several sources. This paper describes a system assembled from readily available components manufactured in the United States that is being used to certify a Russian aircraft flying in The Commonwealth of Independent States. The system features distributed data acquisition, programmable signal conditioning and PCM encoding modules, multi-channel temperature and pressure scanners and real time data displays on board the aircraft. The impact of U.S. export controls and our experience to date is also discussed.

The increasing interdependence of economies and the recent economic crisis has considerably strengthened the importance of exporting. It is recognised as promoting the survivability of companies as they are better able to diversify risks and generate multiple income streams. Thus, investigation of the determinants of export performance has become particularly important. Marketing decision-making has been identified as one of the core drivers of firms success. It is a process under the direct control of managers where significant changes can be introduced to improve it, and by extension, the ability to achieve successful outcomes. However, little is known about how export marketing decisions are made and what key decision-making approaches managers rely on to drive their performance. A literature review that span multiple disciplines (e.g. strategic management, organisation studies, marketing) helped to disentangle two key decision-making approaches, namely planning and improvisation. This is the first study examining the impact of both of these simultaneously on a firm s export performance. While planning is considered to be a unidimensional construct, improvisation is comprised of three facets: spontaneity, creativity and action-orientation. Based on decision theory, this research was conducted in two phases. The literature review informed phase 1: a qualitative exploratory study among export managers in the UK. A conceptual model was then derived from the results and tested in phase 2 through quantitative analysis utilising data generated from 200 respondent companies via a self-reported online questionnaires and the application of structural equation modelling. The results indicated that export customer performance was negatively affected by planning and positively influenced by action-orientation, whilst export financial performance was found to benefit from planning. All decision-making approaches (planning, spontaneity, creativity and action-orientation) were found to be positively related to responsiveness to environmental changes. Using moderator analysis, important insights were uncovered into combining decision-making approaches. The export function was found to benefit from a combination of planning and action-orientation, whereas spontaneity and creativity while having separate positive effects are not well combined with planning, producing negative moderation effects.

The study examines the influence (effects) of export diversification in defining economic growth differences across Africa and it tests its robustness in different samples and estimation techniques compared to other variables of trade namely, trade openness and export growth. It applies an augmented Solow growth model in a cross-section dataset for the period of 1998 to 2009 with all three trade variables tested under a single framework. It is found that countries with more diversified exports generally experienced faster economic growth; therefore, variation in export diversification levels explains the observed growth differences across Africa. The results show that both export diversification and export growth are robust determinants of economic growth rates in the region while trade openness is not. The findings have a strong bearing on trade policy by emphasising the importance of more diversified exports to mitigate the negative impacts of global economic shocks to economic growth in the region.

The heat-shock response is one of the many complex physiological systems that organisms have developed in order to protect their cells against stress. This response is initiated by the binding of heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) to the promoters of genes containing heat-shock elements (HSEs,) which results in the expression of several proteins, among them the proteo-protective inducible heat-shock protein (hsp70i). Due to HSF1s critical role in this process, an active area of research is trying to understand of how HSF1 executes its function. Considering the rapidity with which the field of cell biology is expanding, in particular the sub-field of nuclear compartmentalization, this study seeks to understand how nuclear structure affects the function of HSF1. Specifically, this study investigates the potential role for the interaction between HSF1 and the translocated promoter region protein (Tpr,) a structural component of the nuclear pore, an interaction initially identified by yeast two-hybrid analysis, in the transcription of hsp70i. Due to Tprs location and its putative function in nucleo-cytoplasmic trafficking, this works seeks to answer to the question, Does Tpr play a role in the export of HSF1-driven mRNAs? In a similar vein, heat-shock transcription factor 2 (HSF2,) a less well-understood member of the heat-shock transcription factor family, also interacts with Tpr in the yeast two-hybrid assay. HSF2 has recently been shown to have an active role during mitosis, when the hsp70i gene is being bookmarked for potential expression that might be needed in early G1, when most genes are unable to be expressed. This body of work also seeks to answer the question of, Does the Tpr/HSF2 interaction have a role in positioning the gene in relation to the nuclear pore after mitosis? This study was performed using both novel and standard in vivo and in vitro molecular biology techniques. It ultimately aims to clarify the less understood, although much broader, subject of how does transcription occur in the three-dimensional space of the nucleus.

論文摘要 本論文由兩篇獨立的文章所構成，第一篇文章從個體角度出發，探討臺灣產業出口與成長之間的關聯性；第二篇文章則以總體的角度，分析世界各主要國家經濟成長的型態(包括出口偏向型的成長與進口偏向型的成長)對該國貿易條件的影響。 長久以來，出口與產出之間的相互影響向來是廣受重視的議題。在國際經濟領域中，多數研究均專注於兩者間理論之建立，關於實證方面的探討並不多見，而個體角度來探討產業出口與成長之間的文獻更是稀少，以臺灣產業出口與成長之間因果關係為對象的研究則付之闕如。臺灣的經濟成就向來被歸功於出口擴張政策的成功，但出口導向的影響範圍究竟擴及多少產業的效果仍不明朗，因此第一篇文章關心的重點，在於探討對我國的產業而言出口擴張是否是個有效的政策？而究竟出口導向和產出導向哪一種政策的效果較好，也是本文所關心的目標。 第二篇文章討論成長型態對貿易條件的影響。由於出口偏向型的成長會使本國願意以更多出口財來換取進口財，將會使本國出口財的國際價格相對下降，進而惡化本國的貿易條件，改善外國的貿易條件；反之，在進口偏向型成長的情況下，出口財的減少則會使本國貿易條件改善，外國貿易條件惡化。是以一國的經濟成長對該國貿易條件的影響，將取決於其生產可能曲線外移的方向。本文嘗試以八個工業化國家和七個開發中國家為對象，在加入成長偏向政策、物價、匯率、所得移轉、對外投資、貿易平衡、貿易開放程度等因素的考慮下，來驗證成長型態對其貿易條件的影響效果是否符合理論的規範。 / The purpose of first paper is to investigate the empirical relationships between exports and domestic production in 22 Taiwan main industries, using time series data for the period 1982:01~2002:07. Different from the previous literatures, this paper examines the relations by taking into account industrial data because we are wondering whether the causal links between exports and outputs still sustain in individual industry, and either export promotion or production-led policies are more effective for industrial production. Hence, three related topics will be discussed: to recognize the incidence of export promotion policy in Taiwan industries, to explore either export promotion or production-led policies is more effective for industrial production, and to detect whether all exportation-oriented industries would simultaneously support export promotion hypothesis. The findings of the econometric analysis employing Granger causality test do not have enough evidence to support that the proportion of exports to production is a necessary condition for generating export promotion. Nevertheless, this study suggests that production makes great influence on exports in Taiwan individual industry but the effects of exports on production is not so prevailing as we thought before. Therefore, the influence of production to exports in Taiwan industry is more prevalent than that of exports to outputs. The purpose of the second paper is to examine the impacts of growth types on terms of trade by making a comparison between 8 industrial countries and 7 developing countries (involving 3 NICs countries). This paper finds that the theories seems not be supported because evidence shows the occurrence of positive effects of export-biased growth to terms of trade are more prevalent than negative ones. Moreover, the empirical results of negative incidence shown by import-biased growth come into conflict with theories, and the impacts of import-biased growth on terms of trade are indefinite. In addition, most results reveals that export-biased growth and import-biased growth policies in industrial countries are invalid, and most results in NICs and developing countries are ambiguous while export-biased growth or import-biased growth policies are adopted. Furthermore, the empirical results reveal that income transferring have great or opposite influence in NICs and developing countries, and trade openness is advantageous to NICs and developing countries but is disadvantageous to developed ones.

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