Les virus bactériens (bactériophages), durant leur co-évolution avec les bactéries, ont su trouver de nombreuses voies pour détourner les machineries cellulaires dans le but de se multiplier efficacement. L’infection par le phage dès son entrée dans le cytoplasme est un bouleversement pour la bactérie en termes de ressources monopolisées à ses dépens et probablement de restructuration de l’espace cytoplasmique. Dans ce travail de thèse, l’impact de l’infection de la bactérie Gram-positive Bacillus subtilis par le bactériophage SPP1 a été étudié.La réplication de l’ADN est initiée par des protéines précoces virales. Elle mène au chargement de l’hélicase virale gp40 sur l’origine de réplication de SPP1 dont les brins d’ADN ont été ouverts par la protéine de liaison à l’origine, gp38. Le réplisome bactérien est ensuite recruté de manière massive au sein de l’usine de réplication formant un foyer défini dans le cytoplasme bactérien. L’interaction de gp40 avec les protéines cellulaires DnaX et DnaG assure fort probablement le recrutement du complexe cellulaire au foyer de réplication. La quantité d’ADN viral synthétisée représente presque 500 copies d’ADN viral par bactérie après 30 minutes d’infection, ce qui est équivalent à la taille de 5 génomes de B. subtilis. Des études de FRAP (Fluorescence Recovery After Photobleaching) montrent que l’usine de réplication est très dynamique. Ce comportement est inhibé par la présence de HPUra montrant qu’il dépend de la présence d’un réplisome actif.Les concatémères résultant de la réplication de l’ADN viral sont le substrat pour l’encapsidation du génome de SPP1 dans des procapsides préformées. La maturation de ces procapsides en particules virales infectieuses suit une voie d’assemblage spécifique. Deux protéines rapportrices de différentes étapes de cette voie ont été suivies : la protéine d’échafaudage gp11, présente à l’intérieur de la procapside avant encapsidation de l’ADN, et la protéine auxiliaire gp12, qui se fixe à la surface de la capside pendant l’encapsidation. Les procapsides colocalisent partiellement avec l’usine de réplication du génome viral. Après encapsidation de l’ADN, les capsides vont s’accumuler dans des foyers de stockage qui ont une localisation indépendante du foyer de réplication. Cette organisation est également observée dans des bactéries très allongées où deux régions de stockage sont retrouvées situées de part et d’autre de l’usine de réplication mais éloignées des pôles cellulaires. La microscopie électronique combinée à des immuno-marquages révèlent que cette compartimentation corrèle avec une réorganisation majeure de l’ultrastructure du cytoplasme bactérien.L’assemblage et la dynamique des foyers viraux dans la bactérie ont été suivis pendant toute la durée du cycle viral dans un système de microfluidique. Elle montre que les étapes de réplication de l’ADN viral et la formation de la particule du phage sont des processus compartimentés dans le cytoplasme de la bactérie tant spatialement que temporellement. Bien que la croissance cellulaire soit retardée, les bactéries continuent de s’allonger et de se diviser pendant l’infection par SPP1. Le virus exploite donc de manière efficace les machineries cellulaires et l’architecture de la bactérie pour une multiplication optimale. Ces stratégies sont probablement utilisées par de nombreux phages pour remodeler la cellule bactérienne à leur avantage. / During the co-evolution of viruses and cells, viruses exploited numerous ways to hijack cell machineries for their optimal multiplication and dissemination. Phage infection is a major challenge to bacteria, exploiting extensively cellular biosynthetic ressources and possibly re-organizing the cytoplasm space. The work in this thesis investigated the cellular impact of infection by SPP1, a well-characterized model tailed bacteriophage that infects the Gram-positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis.Viral DNA replication is initiated by early phage proteins whose activity culminates in loading of the SPP1 helicase gp40 at the melted phage origin of replication. The bacterial replisome is then massively recruited to the phage replication factory that is localized at a defined position of the cytoplasm. The interaction of gp40 with its two cellular partners DnaX and DnaG mediates most likely the hijacking of the B. subtilis replication machinery. More than 500 copies of the viral genome are synthesized within 30 minutes after initiation of infection, which is roughly the equivalent to five B. subtilis genomes. FRAP (Fluorescence Recovery After Photobleaching) experiments showed that the viral DNA factory is highly dynamic, a behavior that depends on active DNA replication.The concatemers resulting from DNA replication are the substrate for encapsidation of the SPP1 genome into preformed procapsids. Maturation of procapsids to infectious viral particles follows a defined pathway. The SPP1 scaffolding protein gp11, that occupies the interior of the procapsid before DNA packaging, and gp12, that binds to capsids during DNA packaging, were followed to dissect the steps of this process. Procapsids partially co-localize with DNA replication factories. After packaging the DNA-filled capsids fully segregate to spatially distinct warehouses where viral particles accumulate. Recruitment of SPP1 proteins to these compartments recapitulates the sequential order of their assembly to build the viral particle. The replication factory is most frequently flanked by two warehouses. Such pattern is also observed in very elongated cells where the viral compartments remain localized nearby each others and far from the bacterial poles. Immuno-electron microscopy of cryo-sections from infected cells highlights a complete remodelling of the bacterial cytoplasm dedicated to virus multiplication.The assembly and dynamics of the SPP1 replication factory and virions warehouses were visualized during the complete phage infection cycle in microfluidics experiments. The viral compartments are well individualized in the cytoplasm both in terms of space and time. Although bacterial growth is retarded, cells continue to elongate and to divide during SPP1 infection. Structuration of viral factories appears as a very efficient way for SPP1 to exploit bacterial resources and cytoplasmic space to optimize its multiplication. This strategy might be widely used by phages for remodelling the bacterial cell.

This dissertation examines how American businesses’ focus on transportation and trade came to be key agents of US imperialism at the turn of the twentieth century. Extending our understanding of the architecture and urbanism of US industry and commerce, “Empire’s Stores” turns to the design, construction, and maintenance of transnational and transimperial supply chains and the physical infrastructure that made them possible—what I call the architecture of conveyance. Divided into four chapters, the project examines the built environment created by a set of firms and related industries selected geographically: to the West, the “Big Five” sugar factors and their predecessors operating in the Hawaiian Islands; to the North, the Niagara Falls Power Company and related hydroelectric concerns located along the Niagara Frontier; to the South, the United Fruit Company’s operations, including both tourism and trade, anchored in the Port of New Orleans; and, to the East, the storage, handling, and shipment of freight at the Bush Terminal Company in Brooklyn, New York. Through these case studies I show how American corporations produced and profited from imperial formations and, in doing so, reshaped territorial, geographic, and economic borders.

O arquiteto deve ser o primeiro profissional a ser chamado ao se pensar em edificar uma fábrica. Dotado de visão humanista e técnica, possui ferramentas para coordenar a equipe interdisciplinar que é necessária na maior parte dos casos desse tipo de projeto. Quando corretamente estabelecidas as competências de cada profissional, o trabalho resultará não somente em um edifício funcional, que atenda ao programa, mas também em uma arquitetura com adequada inserção histórica, espacial, e adaptabilidade a situações futuras. O projeto da fábrica envolve questões diversas e complexas que devem ser estudadas em cada caso, com o devido embasamento técnico e teórico pertinentes em cada tipologia. Tal esforço pode se tornar dificultoso, já que a fábrica destina-se a múltiplos propósitos, tal é a pertinência de um trabalho de sistematização do processo de projeto industrial. Para tal, o arquiteto deve conhecer os problemas específicos deste ramo da Arquitetura: sua história e evolução, novos requisitos de desempenho, novos materiais e as novas correntes de estudo da humanização dos espaços de trabalho. Algumas questões, como por exemplo, a flexibilidade e a expansibilidade, não muito presentes em outros tipos de projeto, vêm à tona com toda a força na arquitetura industrial. Geram um contexto que faz com que o edifício seja, na maior parte dos casos, indissociável de um alto grau de pré-fabricação dos elementos. A Arquitetura Industrial é um dos principais campos para novas soluções estruturais e formais na Arquitetura, e o arquiteto deverá ser um profissional generalista para conhecer a fundo cada um dos métodos de produção. O intuito deste trabalho, assim, é a apresentação da problemática que envolve o projeto industrial, com a perspectiva da sistematização dos elementos comuns a esse tipo de tema, nas suas mais variadas aplicações. / The architect must be the first professional to be called as for the intent of building an Industry. Because of his humanist and technical knowledge, he is prepared with important tools to deal with the multidisciplinary context, which is necessary in most cases. When each professional task is properly established, the result is not only a simple functional architectural building, but a construction with its historical and spatial relations well defined, as well as its sustainability. Projecting an Industry involves various and complex questions, which must be analyzed in each case, with the proper technical basis, concerning each destination. Such effort can be exhaustive, since the industry can respond to multiple purposes, that is why an organization of procedures in industrial projects proves to be pertinent. For this work, the architect must know the specific problems of this Field in Architecture: its History and Development; the new performance requirements; new materials; and the recent studies of humanization of workplaces. Some themes like, for instance, flexibility and expansibility, not much present in other kind of projects in Architecture, are of extreme importance in industrial architecture, producing a context where prefabrication is absolute required. The Industry is one of the most motivating fields for new structural and formal solutions in architecture, and the architect must be a generalist professional to know in detail each method of production. The goal of this work is the presentation of the industry case in architecture, with the perspective of a systematization of the elements that compose this kind of project, and its multiple applications.

[pt] À medida que a população cresce, mais alimentos precisarão ser produzidos nas próximas quatro décadas do que nos últimos 10.000 anos. No entanto, o mundo moderno ainda depende da produção de monoculturas de alto rendimento, cada vez mais ameaçada por condições climáticas incomuns, escassez de água e terra insuficiente. A fim de superar esses problemas e alimentar o mundo, é necessário um caminho prático para fornecer alimentos frescos, com qualidade e em escala, com mínima dependência do clima e com uso de água e pegada de carbono reduzidos. Uma abordagem razoável é construir fazendas verticais dentro das cidades em um ambiente fechado repleto de sensores e iluminação artificial controlada por software para uma produção e gestão eficiente do plantio de alimentos. Esta tese propõe a instanciação de um modelo, chamado Ciclo do Software dos Lugares (SoPC), que é capaz de responder a estímulos ambientais em um sistema fechado de produção de plantas com iluminação artificial que possibilite a criação de ambientes com auto-aprendizagem. Esta tese descreve o SoPC, as abordagens e processos de implementação de uma mini fábrica de plantas com iluminação artificial com base na discussão em cinco ciclos de pesquisa-ação. / [en] As the population grows, more food will need to be produced in the next four decades than has been in the past 10,000 years. However, the modern world still depends on high yield monoculture production which is increasingly threatened by unusual weather, water shortages, and insufficient land. In order to overcome these problems and feed the world, a practical path to provide quality fresh healthy food at scale with minimal weather dependency, water usage and reduced carbon footprint is necessary. One reasonable approach is to build vertical farms inside the cities in a close environment full of sensors and artificial lighting controlled by software for efficient production of food crops. This thesis proposes a model, entitled Software of Places Cycle (SoPC), that should be able to answer to environmental stimuli in a closed plant production system using artificial lighting in order to create a self-learning environment. This thesis describes the SoPC, the approaches and processes of implementing a mini Plant Factory using Artificial Lighting based on the discussion on five action-research cycles. The thesis main contribution is a conceptual model to guide the development and maintenance of a mini-PFAL (m-PFAL), a minor contribution is the deployment of the SoP, i.e., the very notion of having software dedicated to a specific place.

Les usines récupérées par les ouvriers en Argentine sont devenues un mouvement social emblématique symbolisant l'un des aspects de la révolte sociale entourant la crise économique de 2001-2002. Les usines récupérées sont des entreprises abandonnées par leurs propriétaires originaux ou déclarées faillite, laissant derrières elles des salaires et des dettes impayés. Par conséquence, les ouvriers ont commencé à récupérer leurs usines; reprenant la production sans leurs anciens patrons, sous, et au profit de la gestion collective des ouvriers. Le mouvement est remarquable pour sa rémunération égalitaire et sa gestion horizontale. Ce travail examine la continuité des usines récupérées et ceci à travers l'évolution sociale, politique et économique du paysage de l'Argentine. Il évalue également l'impact du mouvement en tant que défi aux modes économiques de production hégémoniques et orientés vers le marché. En supposant que l'avenir du mouvement dépend de deux ensembles de facteurs, le rapport analyse les facteurs internes à travers le prisme de la théorie de mobilisation des ressources, ainsi que les facteurs externes à travers la perspective de la théorie de la structure de l'opportunité politique. Le travail conclut que la situation actuelle se trouve dans une impasse dans laquelle le mouvement a gagné l'acceptation institutionnelle, mais a échoué d'effectuer le changement structurel favorisant ses pratiques et garantissant la sécurité à long terme. Il argumente que le mouvement doit consolider certains aspects combatifs. Il doit consolider sa nouvelle identité en tant que mouvement social et forger des alliances stratégiques et tactiques tout en préservant son autonomie. / The worker-recovered factories of Argentina became an emblematic social movement symbolizing one of the aspects of the social upheaval surrounding the economic crisis of 2001-2002. The recovered factories are enterprises abandoned by their original owners or declared bankrupt, leaving behind unpaid wages and trailing debts. In response, workers began recuperating their factories; resuming production without their former bosses, under, and for the benefit of, a collective worker management. The movement is remarkable for its egalitarian remuneration and its horizontal management. This paper examines the continuity of the recovered factories through the evolving social, political and economic landscape of Argentina. It also assesses the impact of the movement as a challenge to the hegemonic, market-oriented, economic modes of production. Assuming that the future of the movement depends on two sets of factors, the paper analyses internal factors through the prism of resource mobilization theory and external factors from the perspective of political opportunity structure theory. The work concludes that the current situation is one of stalemate, in which the movement gained institutional acceptance, but failed to effect structural change favouring its practices and guaranteeing long-term security. It argues that the movement needs to consolidate certain combative aspects. It must consolidate its new identity as a social movement and forge strategic and tactical alliances while preserving its autonomy.

The semi-arid region of the Northeast of Brazil is a place known for its climactic and social difficulties since the colonization period and its main activity is the production of cheese ( queijo coalho and queijo manteiga ). This work is the result of the changes on the structure of the handcrafted cheese factories, especially because of the demanding of the rules concerning hygiene and food safety on dairy products. Its main goal is to identify the typological categories and relate them to the way the handcrafted cheese is made ( queijo coalho and queijo manteiga ), according to the regulations. The rural architecture was based on the connection between the environment built, the productive activity and the culture, in an effort to identify the constructive specificities of the local level. The model called co-evolução was used as the theoretical base. The field research was done in eleven rural cheese properties in the town of Major Izidoro, Alagoas, using physical and photographic data, subsidizing the investigation of productive and spatial. The criteria used were based on the rules of the (BPF). The architectonic cheese typologies were classified in three groups: the traditional (handcrafted cheese), the intermediate (handcrafted cheese or dairy) and the industrial (dairy), in relation to the inside and outside of the property, its composition and its organization. When it comes to the productive aspect, it was taken into consideration that the types of cheese are due to different processes in fabrication. The multidisciplinary theme suggests researches in social areas and in architecture, and it may explore more cheese factories in the state of Alagoas as in other regions of the Northeast. / A região semi-árida do nordeste brasileiro é uma região marcada pelas dificuldades climática e social desde o período da colonização e tem como atividade produtiva tradicional a fabricação dos queijos de coalho e de manteiga. Este trabalho surgiu das indagações a respeito das alterações na estrutura física das queijarias artesanais, decorrentes principalmente, das exigências às normas que tratam da higiene e segurança alimentar sobre os produtos lácteos. Tem como objetivo identificar as categorias tipológicas e relacioná-las ao modo de produção das queijarias artesanais de queijo de coalho e de queijo de manteiga, verificando o atendimento as regulamentações. A caracterização da arquitetura rural fundamentou-se na conexão entre o ambiente construído, a atividade produtiva e a cultura, no esforço de identificarem-se as especificidades construtivas ao nível local. Teve como base teórica, o modelo denominado de co-evolução. A pesquisa de campo ocorreu em onze propriedades rurais queijeiras do município de Major Izidoro, Alagoas, mediante levantamento físico e fotográfico, subsidiando a investigação dos vetores produtivo e espacial. Utilizaram-se como critérios os itens da norma (BPF). Classificou-se as tipologias arquitetônicas das queijarias em três grupos: o tradicional (fabriqueta), intermediário (fabriqueta ou laticínio) e industrial (laticínio), com respeito à parte interna e externa da propriedade, composição e organização. Quanto ao aspecto produtivo, considerou-se que os tipos de queijo são decorrentes dos diferentes processos de fabricação. O tema multidisciplinar sugere pesquisas nas áreas sociais e na arquitetura, podendo explorar mais queijarias tanto no estado de Alagoas, quanto em outras regiões do Nordeste.

Submitted by Johnny Rodrigues (johnnyrodrigues@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-05-23T17:25:40Z No. of bitstreams: 1 MAGNO DE SOUZA ARAÚJO - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGSA PROFISSIONAL 2013..pdf: 1004737 bytes, checksum: 823c9cd55043f3a527f64a60fca3efbd (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-23T17:25:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MAGNO DE SOUZA ARAÚJO - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGSA PROFISSIONAL 2013..pdf: 1004737 bytes, checksum: 823c9cd55043f3a527f64a60fca3efbd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-12-16 / Devido às questões econômicas e ambientais, as perspectivas de aumento do consumo de etanol conduzem a busca por novas matérias-primas, destacando-se o soro de queijo, que é um resíduo de elevada carga orgânica e de difícil biodegradabilidade, proveniente das fábricas artesanais de queijo. Como a cana-deaçúcar é uma cultura sazonal, uma alternativa recomendável é conferir às usinas produtoras de etanol um caráter polivalente capazes de operar com variedades de matérias-primas potencialmente disponíveis na região, já que uma das preocupações do mundo atual é o suprimento de energia nas próximas décadas. Diante do exposto, este trabalho teve como objetivo a produção do etanol neutro utilizando o soro de queijo “coalho” procedente de queijeira da cidade de Pombal/PB. A primeira etapa deste trabalho consistiu na caracterização da matériaprima e no estudo da fermentação alcoólica utilizando a Saccharomyces cerevisiae através de um planejamento experimental fatorial 22 com três repetições no ponto central para verificar as influências das variáveis de entrada (concentração inicial de sacarose e concentração inicial de inoculo) sobre a resposta produtividade. Na segunda etapa foi realizada a destilação do fermentado e a caracterização do etanol neutro. De acordo com os resultados obtidos, o experimento 4 foi o que apresentou maior produção de etanol, com graduação alcoólica de 9,8°GL. Os efeitos da concentração de levedura, sacarose e da interação entre essas se apresentaram estatisticamente significativos em nível de 95% de confiança, sendo que a concentração de levedura foi à variável de maior influência. O etanol neutro obtido foi analisado quanto ao pH, acidez total, massa específica, condutividade elétrica e teor alcoólico, e atendeu a maioria das especificações técnicas da legislação vigente, com exceção do pH. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que o uso do soro de queijo é visivelmente promissor para a produção de etanol neutro. / Due to economic and environmental issues, the prospects for increased consumption of ethanol leads to search for new raw materials , especially the whey , which is a residue of high organic load and hard biodegradability , from craft factories cheese. As cane sugar is a seasonal crop, a recommendable alternative is to confer on plants producing ethanol polyvalent character capable of operating with varieties of raw materials potentially available in the region, since one of the concerns of the world today is the supply energy in the coming decades. Given the above, this study aimed to the production of neutral ethanol using the whey from cheesemaking founded the city of Pombal / PB "curd". The first step of this work was the characterization of the raw material and the study of alcoholic fermentation using Saccharomyces cerevisiae through a 22 factorial experimental design with three replications at the center point to verify the influences of input variables (initial sucrose concentration and concentration initial inoculum) on the response productivity. In the second stage fermentation and distillation of ethanol neutral characterization was performed. According to the results, the experiment 4 showed the highest ethanol production, with an alcohol content of 9.8 °GL. The effects of concentration of yeast, sucrose and the interaction between these is statistically significant at the 95% level of confidence, whereas the concentration of yeast was the most influential variable. The neutral ethanol obtained was analyzed for pH, total acidity, density, electrical conductivity and alcohol content , and attended most of the technical specifications of the current legislation, except for pH. The results showed that the use of whey is strikingly promising to produce neutral ethanol.

O arquiteto deve ser o primeiro profissional a ser chamado ao se pensar em edificar uma fábrica. Dotado de visão humanista e técnica, possui ferramentas para coordenar a equipe interdisciplinar que é necessária na maior parte dos casos desse tipo de projeto. Quando corretamente estabelecidas as competências de cada profissional, o trabalho resultará não somente em um edifício funcional, que atenda ao programa, mas também em uma arquitetura com adequada inserção histórica, espacial, e adaptabilidade a situações futuras. O projeto da fábrica envolve questões diversas e complexas que devem ser estudadas em cada caso, com o devido embasamento técnico e teórico pertinentes em cada tipologia. Tal esforço pode se tornar dificultoso, já que a fábrica destina-se a múltiplos propósitos, tal é a pertinência de um trabalho de sistematização do processo de projeto industrial. Para tal, o arquiteto deve conhecer os problemas específicos deste ramo da Arquitetura: sua história e evolução, novos requisitos de desempenho, novos materiais e as novas correntes de estudo da humanização dos espaços de trabalho. Algumas questões, como por exemplo, a flexibilidade e a expansibilidade, não muito presentes em outros tipos de projeto, vêm à tona com toda a força na arquitetura industrial. Geram um contexto que faz com que o edifício seja, na maior parte dos casos, indissociável de um alto grau de pré-fabricação dos elementos. A Arquitetura Industrial é um dos principais campos para novas soluções estruturais e formais na Arquitetura, e o arquiteto deverá ser um profissional generalista para conhecer a fundo cada um dos métodos de produção. O intuito deste trabalho, assim, é a apresentação da problemática que envolve o projeto industrial, com a perspectiva da sistematização dos elementos comuns a esse tipo de tema, nas suas mais variadas aplicações. / The architect must be the first professional to be called as for the intent of building an Industry. Because of his humanist and technical knowledge, he is prepared with important tools to deal with the multidisciplinary context, which is necessary in most cases. When each professional task is properly established, the result is not only a simple functional architectural building, but a construction with its historical and spatial relations well defined, as well as its sustainability. Projecting an Industry involves various and complex questions, which must be analyzed in each case, with the proper technical basis, concerning each destination. Such effort can be exhaustive, since the industry can respond to multiple purposes, that is why an organization of procedures in industrial projects proves to be pertinent. For this work, the architect must know the specific problems of this Field in Architecture: its History and Development; the new performance requirements; new materials; and the recent studies of humanization of workplaces. Some themes like, for instance, flexibility and expansibility, not much present in other kind of projects in Architecture, are of extreme importance in industrial architecture, producing a context where prefabrication is absolute required. The Industry is one of the most motivating fields for new structural and formal solutions in architecture, and the architect must be a generalist professional to know in detail each method of production. The goal of this work is the presentation of the industry case in architecture, with the perspective of a systematization of the elements that compose this kind of project, and its multiple applications.

Orientador: Luís Gonzaga Trabasso / Dissertação (mestrado profissional) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecânica / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-18T21:10:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Santos_MarceloLimados_M.pdf: 2796450 bytes, checksum: 2b445c1dbad9c9f8fa26491057009ad6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Resumo: Esse trabalho apresenta a aplicação do método QFD (Quality Function Deployment - Desdobramento da Função Qualidade) para a seleção de planos de ação para a melhoria do desempenho de serviços de manutenção industrial de uma empresa do setor automotivo. O método é aplicado na área de produção como ferramenta de mapeamento para selecionar as ações de melhoria do desempenho dos serviços de manutenção industrial. A dissertação aborda em sua fundamentação teórica três conteúdos necessários para que seja compreendida e acompanhada a proposta de aplicação do método. O primeiro tema apresenta conceitos sobre qualidade em serviços, as dimensões da qualidade em serviços e como a qualidade é percebida pelos clientes. O segundo conteúdo aborda conceitos relacionados à área de manutenção industrial apresentando uma visão geral da área de manutenção dentro da indústria. O terceiro assunto aborda o conceito de QFD e a aplicação do método na área de serviços. Abordados esses três conteúdos, é apresentada a aplicação do método na área de produção com o objetivo de selecionar planos de ação de manutenção de forma criteriosa e sistemática de acordo com a visão e as necessidades do cliente interno. Com a aplicação do método foi possível, dentre as várias dimensões de qualidade em serviços, definir doze dimensões adequadas à área de manutenção industrial e as três dimensões mais importantes na visão do cliente, que são segurança do trabalho, competência e confiabilidade. A aplicação do método QFD proporcionou determinar as necessidades do cliente inseridas nessas dimensões e selecionar os planos de ação prioritários para a melhoria dos serviços de manutenção industrial, dentre outros benefícios / Abstract: This work presents the QFD application (Quality Function Deployment) for the action plans selection for improving the industrial maintenance services performance of a company in the automotive sector. The method is applied in the production area as a mapping tool to select actions to improve the performance of industrial maintenance services. The paper discusses three theoretical in its content needed to be understood and supported the proposed application of the method. The first topic presents concepts of service quality, the dimensions of service quality and how quality is perceived by customers. The second deals with concepts related to content area of industrial maintenance presenting an overview of the maintenance area within the industry. The third issue addresses the concept and application of QFD method in the service area. Addressed these three content is presented the method in the production area in order to select carefully and systematically maintenance actions plans in accordance with the vision and the needs of the internal customer. With the method it was possible, among the various dimension of service quality, set twelve dimensions appropriate to the area of industrial maintenance and the three most important dimensions of the customer view, which are labor safety, competence and reliability. The QFD application method provided to determine the client's needs included in these dimensions and select the priority action plans for the improvement of industrial maintenance services, among other benefits / Mestrado / Projetos / Mestre em Engenharia Automobilistica

Un nouveau mouvement social est né en Argentine en 2001, dans un contexte de crise socio-économique sans précédent dans l’histoire du pays :le mouvement des entreprises récupérées par les travailleurs. <p>La récupération des entreprises s’est développée comme une alternative à leur fermeture :les travailleurs occupent l’entreprise et relancent la production et la vente de produits. Ce mouvement surgit dans un moment historique de luttes sociales où le rapport de forces est favorable aux travailleurs, permettant le développement de pratiques en dehors du cadre déterminé par la loi. Or, la production et la commercialisation des produits ne sont pas durables sans l’obtention d’une autorisation légale. Les travailleurs s’organiseront et développeront diverses stratégies pour leur reconnaissance juridique et politique. <p>En dépit de l’abondante production scientifique concernant les entreprises récupérées, beaucoup d’éléments restent à examiner. La plupart des recherches se sont centrées sur deux questions majeures :l’analyse des résultats de la lutte des travailleurs, c’est-à-dire les pratiques sociales et économiques développées dans le processus productif ;et l’étude sur les stratégies politiques, souvent réduites aux actions juridiques, entamées par les travailleurs afin de récupérer l’entreprise. Mais force est de constater qu’il n’existe pas de recherches spécifiques sur le processus de lutte, de formation et de dissolution des organisations des entreprises récupérées. Dans ce sens, le mouvement des entreprises récupérées est souvent présenté comme étant un mouvement uniforme. Certes, des recherches s’intéressent aux rapports sociaux et politiques contenus dans le processus de lutte des travailleurs, mais il s’agit d’études de cas centrées sur l’analyse de certaines entreprises récupérées. L’ambition de la présente thèse est de pallier l’absence d’étude sur le processus de formation et développement du mouvement des entreprises récupérées. Elle cherche à relier l’expérience des travailleurs et celle du mouvement. Ces expériences se déroulent dans un moment historique essentiel d’institutionnalisation des organisations sociales nées durant un cycle de révolte. Notre étude cherche à déceler le processus par lequel certaines organisations du mouvement des entreprises récupérées ont participé à ces transformations (tandis que d’autres furent exclues des négociations) ainsi que l’impact de cette ouverture politique sur le mouvement des entreprises récupérées. Pour cela, nous analysons les influences réciproques sur la construction de ce mouvement :les formes de gestion, d’organisation et les relations de travail au sein des entreprises récupérées ;les trajectoires de lutte et les diverses organisations qui en résultent, en relation permanente avec l’évolution des réalités économiques, politiques et sociales spécifiques à chaque période envisagée. À cette fin, nous avons procédé à une étude extensive et intensive. L’intérêt de combiner ces approches répond à l’objectif général de cerner les rapports complexes et dynamiques qui lient ces deux niveaux d’analyse dans le processus de construction d’un acteur social. Étant donné que les analyses extensives existant avant 2010, étaient insuffisantes pour répondre à bon nombre des questions posées par cette thèse, nous avons élaboré notre propre analyse statistique. Cette démarche nous permet d’appréhender le phénomène dans son ampleur, mais elle n’est pas pertinente pour comprendre en profondeur les pratiques concrètes des travailleurs et de leurs organisations. En revanche, l’analyse qualitative, dépourvue d’une approche extensive, risque de nous enfermer sur l’étude des situations particulières sans comprendre le processus global. Ces deux démarches sont donc complémentaires. Dans ce sens, nous avons interviewé des dirigeants des diverses organisations des entreprises récupérées, des avocats et enfin des travailleurs de six entreprises récupérées. Dans trois d’entre elles, nous avons réalisé une enquête de terrain. Ces entreprises récupérées sont Brukman, Zanón et la Clinique Junín. <p> / Doctorat en sciences sociales, Orientation sociologie / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished