Submitted by Marlene Santos (marlene.bc.ufg@gmail.com) on 2016-09-15T17:16:01Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Deborah Pereira Carvalho - 2016.pdf: 1291033 bytes, checksum: 11909a32b04cb17d98b30025fea8cce2 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2016-09-16T12:17:36Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Deborah Pereira Carvalho - 2016.pdf: 1291033 bytes, checksum: 11909a32b04cb17d98b30025fea8cce2 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-16T12:17:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Deborah Pereira Carvalho - 2016.pdf: 1291033 bytes, checksum: 11909a32b04cb17d98b30025fea8cce2 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-11 / Research with use of exogenous enzymes in feed for broiler, has shown its advantages in improving the digestibility and nutrient availability for birds, resulting in better performance. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of adding "on the top" the enzyme protease 0.05% (Cybenza DP 100) in diets for broilers containing animal meal. Two experiments were conducted divided into 4 treatments each experiment. In both experiments were using the same treatments, the treatments offered were: T1 - corn-based feed and soybean meal, T2 - corn-based feed and soybean meal with addition of protease, T3 - based feed corn and soybean meal with addition of meat, feathers and viscera, T4 - corn-based feed and soybean meal with addition of meat, feathers and viscera, with the addition of protease. The "experiment 1" was carried out with 320 chicks Cobb500 strain of 1 to 21 days. The experimental design was completely randomized, divided into batteries, with 4 treatments and 8 repetitions each containing 10 broiler per cage. The variables analyzed were: digestibility and performance variables. The "Experiment 2" was carried out with 720 chicks Cobb500 strain of 1 to 42 days. The experimental design was completely randomized, divided into box with 4 treatments and 6 repetitions each containing 30 broiler per box. The analyzed variables were: performance and Biometry of the gastrointestinal tract organs and the intestines and bowel. In all treatments the data were subjected to analysis of variance, and means were compared by Tukey test at 5% significance. In the " experiment 1 " it was observed that supplementation of the enzyme protease improved the feed conversion only in the pre- initial stage , but proved advantageous to use also in the initial phase , because even with the reduction in nutrient levels the results did not differ . In the " second experiment " it was observed that the use of animal meal for broilers from 1 to 21 days of age proved advantageous , since treatments with animal meal in their composition showed better weight gain and lower feed intake . The protease enzyme supplementation improved viability. / Pesquisas com a utilização de enzimas exógenas na alimentação de frangos de corte, tem evidenciado as suas vantagens em melhorar a digestibilidade e disponibilidade de nutrientes para os frangos, resultando em melhor desempenho. Objetivou-se com o presente trabalho avaliar o efeito da adição “on the top” da enzima protease 0,05% (Cybenza DP 100) em dietas para frangos de corte contendo farinhas de origem animal. Foram conduzidos dois experimentos divididos em 4 tratamentos cada experimento. Em ambos os experimentos foram utilizando os mesmos tratamentos, os tratamentos oferecidos foram: T1 - ração à base de milho e farelo de soja, T2 - ração à base de milho e farelo de soja, com adição de protease, T3 - ração à base de milho e farelo de soja com inclusão de farinha de carne, penas e vísceras, T4 - ração à base de milho e farelo de soja com inclusão de farinha de carne, penas e vísceras, com adição de protease. O “experimento 1” foi realizado com 320 pintos da linhagem Cobb500 de 1 a 21 dias. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, dividido em baterias, com 4 tratamentos e 8 repetições cada, contendo 10 frangos por gaiola. As variáveis analisadas foram: digestibilidade e variáveis de desempenho. O “experimento 2” foi realizado com 720 pintos da linhagem Cobb500 de 1 a 42 dias. O delineamento experimental adotado foi inteiramente casualizado, dividido em box, com 4 tratamentos e 6 repetições cada, contendo 30 frangos por box. As Variáveis analisadas foram: desempenho e Biometria de órgãos do trato gastrointestinal e do intestino e do intestino. Em todos os tratamentos os dados foram submetidos a análise de variância, e as médias foram comparadas pelo teste de Tukey a 5% de significância. No “experimento 1” foi observado que a suplementação da enzima protease melhorou a conversão alimentar apenas na fase pré-inicial, porém se mostrou vantajoso a sua utilização também na fase inicial, pois mesmo com a redução dos níveis nutricionais os resultados não diferiram entre si. No “experimento 2” foi observado que a utilização da farinha de origem animal para frangos de corte de 1 a 21 dias de idade se mostrou vantajosa, uma vez que os tratamentos que receberam farinhas de origem animal em sua composição apresentaram um melhor ganho de peso e menor consumo de ração. A suplementação da enzima protease melhorou a viabilidade.

DISSERTATION - Abstract in English Three Essays on Electricity Markets Author: PhDr. Petra Luňáčková Academic Year: 2017/2018 This thesis consists of three papers that share the main theme - energy. The articles introduce characteristics and behavior of electricity focusing on its unique properties. The dissertation aims at the Czech electricity market and analyzes also highly discussed solar power plants. The first article studies long term memory properties of electricity spot prices through the detrended fluctuation analysis, as electricity prices are dominated by cycles. We conclude that Czech electricity prices are strongly mean reverting yet non-stationary. The second part of the dissertation investigates possible asymmetry in the gas - oil prices adjustment. Oil prices determine the price of electricity during the times of peak demand, as the reaction of power plants fueled by oil is quick but marginal costs are high. We chose the gasoline - crude oil relationship known as "rockets and feathers" effect and offer two new tests to analyze such type of relationship as we believe that error correction model is not the most suitable tool. Analyzing international dataset we do not find statistically significant asymmetry. The third study assesses the impact of renewable energy sources, solar plants in...

Submitted by Johnny Rodrigues (johnnyrodrigues@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-11-12T19:43:53Z No. of bitstreams: 1 CARLOS MAURÍCIO ROCHA BARROSO - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGECA 1994..pdf: 33322816 bytes, checksum: 8d3b97e59953825ca5f62b7f53c9c80d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-12T19:43:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CARLOS MAURÍCIO ROCHA BARROSO - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGECA 1994..pdf: 33322816 bytes, checksum: 8d3b97e59953825ca5f62b7f53c9c80d (MD5) Previous issue date: 1994-04 / Esta dissertação apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa sobre a contaminação do "Aquífero Barreiras" por organo clorados, no Polo Cloroquímico de Alagoas — PCA. As substâncias químicas envolvidas no processo que são produtos que apresentam grande poder tóxico, comprometeram a qualidade do aquífero, gerando um impacto ambiental significativo e da maior gravidade. Dentre tais contaminantes, destacam-se os compostos 1,2 dicloroetano (1,2 - DCE), 1,2 dicloropropano (1,2 — DCP) e 1,2,3 tricloropropano (1,2,3 — TOE), por apresentarem maiores valores em suas concentrações e por conseguinte, alvo da pesquisa. O aquífero Barreiras, na área do PCA, possui uma espessura média de 20 metros, constituindo—se litologicamente por um "pacote" areno—argiloso, intercalado por níveis descontínuos de material argiloso, sendo caracterizado como um aquífero freático. O modelo de fluxo adotado, baseado no método das diferençasfinitas - algoritmo IADI — (Kinzelbach, 19S6), utilizou os dados extraídos de relatórios da empresa Paranaguá — Engenharia e Consultoria Ltda (1991). O mesmo, mostrou-se adequado para fins de simulações de fluxo bidimensionais em locais onde as informações são incipientes. Os valores dos parâmetros hidrodinâmicos do aquífero foram obtidos em consequência do aferimento do modelo de fluxo, e a velocidade média, linear, de propagação de fluxo no aquífero,.de acordo com os parâmetros aferidos, é da ordem de 0.672 m/dia com direção NW — SE, sentido SE. A propagação das plumas dos contaminantes acima mencionados, foram geradas uti1izando—se o modelo de transporte embasado no método explícito das diferenças finitas como dado por Kinzelbach, (1986). As concentrações tomadas como referência para a calibração do modelo, foram aquelas amostradas em poços de monitoramentos e de produção (Paranaguá, 1991) e analisadas pelo laboratório americano Industrial and Environmental Analyses, Inc - IEA. Apesar da simplicidade do modelo, principalmente por tratar o meio como homogéneo e isotrópico e processar os compostos como conservativos ou seja, substâncias químicas não reagentes, a pluma para o 1,2 — DCP apresentou um resultado que confirma a veracidade do modelo. Já as plumas par*, o 1,2 — DCE , para o 1,2,3 — TCP e para os organos totais ( projetada com base nas análises do laboratório da Companhia Alagoas Industrial — CINAL, pois o IEA não os dosou), mostraram-se confiáveis. / This dissertation presents the resulta of the research done on contaraination of "Aquífero Barreiras" by organo-chlorides, in the Pole- Choloro-chemicais of Alagoas - PCA. The cheraical substances involved in the process that are Products which pose strong toxiclty, affected the quality of the aquifer in question, creating .significant environaental impact as a grave problem. The more important of these contaminants were the 1,2 Di-chloroehtane (1,2 - DCE), 1,2 D i-chioropropane (1,2 DCP) and 1,2,3 Tri-chloropropane (1,2,3 - TCE), which appeared in greater concentrations, because of which the present investigation was attempted. The Aquifer "Barreiras", within the PCA area has a nean depth of 20 m, lithoiogicaliy represented by a packet of sandysilt stratum, sandwitched by discontinuous clayey material, thus characterizing on the whole as a freatic aquifer. The "flow raodel" adopted, based on the finite d i fferenr.es method - the Algorithm of IAOI (Kinzelback, 1986), utilized data extracted from the reports of an enterprize by naie "Paranaguá' Eng inssr ing and Cônsultants Ltd. ÍÍ99Í). The cited raodel was found to be adequate for the purpose of simulating the two-dímentional flows in places where data is available. Values of hydrodynamic parameters of the aquifer were obtaíned frora the resulto of flow model and the raean linear propagation velocity in the aquifer, based on the input values, was of the order of 0.672 m/day, in the N.W. - S.E. frora S.E. direction. PIume propagations for the above mentioned comtaminants were geenerated utilizing the "transport model", based on the explicit finite difference method as suggested by Kinzelbach (í?G6). Concentrations taken as reference for the model calibration were those values registered in the product ion and observation wells (Paranaguá, 1991), the results of which were analyzed by an American laboratory by name Industrial and Environmental Anaíyses, Inc. (I.E.A.). Dispite the simplicity of the model, principally considering the porous media as homogeneous and isotropic, and considering the chemicals as conservative, i.e., chemical substances that do not react with water, the plurne for 1,2 - DCP showed results that confirmed the varacity of the model. The plumes for 1,2 - DCE and 1,2,3 - TCP and for total organo-chlorides that are projected on the basis of analysis of the laboratory of Alagoas Industrial Co. -CINAL, also showed sufficiently reliable results.

L’océan Austral est soumis à la redistribution globale des contaminants par les voies atmosphérique et océanique. Cependant, la contamination des écosystèmes austraux est très peu connue, en particulier dans le secteur Indien. De par leur toxicité, leur mobilité et leur capacité à se bioaccumuler dans les tissus des organismes et à se bioamplifier dans les réseaux trophiques, le mercure (Hg) et les polluants organiques persistants (POPs) comptent parmi les contaminants les plus préoccupants. Du fait de leur position élevée dans les réseaux trophiques, les oiseaux marins sont exposés à de grande quantités de contaminants par la voie alimentaire. En conséquence, ils sont souvent utilisés comme bioindicateurs de l’état de contamination des écosystèmes, par le biais des plumes et du sang, qui peuvent être échantillonnés de façon non destructive. Ma thèse s’est intéressée aux nombreuses espèces d’oiseaux marins (plus de 40) qui nichent au sein des Terres Australes et Antarctiques Françaises, au sud de l’Océan Indien, afin de décrire et expliquer les niveaux de contaminants le long d’un large gradient latitudinal, de l’Antarctique à la Zone Subtropicale, et d’identifier les meilleures espèces bioindicatrices pour un suivi à long terme de la contamination de ces écosystèmes. Au cours d’une première étape méthodologique, les manchots et les poussins de toutes les espèces ont été identifiés comme de bons bioindicateurs de contamination puisque, à la différence de la plupart des oiseaux adultes, ils présentent une faible variabilité des niveaux de contaminants dans les plumes. Au cours d’une seconde étape explicative, l’effet de facteurs intrinsèques (traits individuels) et extrinsèques (écologie alimentaire déduite grâce à la méthode des isotopes stables) sur les niveaux de contaminants a été évalué dans les plumes des oiseaux de la communauté de Kerguelen (27 espèces) et dans le sang du grand albatros de Crozet (180 individus dont les traits de vie sont connus). L’écologie alimentaire s’est avérée être le principal facteur explicatif des niveaux de contaminants, tandis que l’âge, le sexe, la phylogénie et le statut reproducteur jouent un rôle mineur. La classe d’âge est néanmoins un facteur à prendre en compte, puisque les poussins montrent souvent des concentrations inférieures aux adultes. Au cours d’une troisième étape, les variations spatio-temporelles de la contamination ont été étudiées en utilisant une sélection d’espèces bioindicatrices et en tenant compte de leur écologie alimentaire. Plusieurs résultats portant sur différentes espèces (oiseaux océaniques) et populations (poussins de skua) ont montré que, contrairement aux prédictions, l’exposition des oiseaux au Hg augmente graduellement des eaux antarctiques aux eaux subantarctiques puis aux subtropicales, alors que l’exposition aux POPs, en accord avec la théorie de la distillation globale, montre la tendance inverse. D’autre part, la comparaison des concentrations en Hg dans les plumes de manchot, effectuée entre des spécimens de musée et des échantillons actuels, indique que leur exposition au Hg n’a pas changée depuis les années 1950-1970. Toutefois, des espèces subantarctiques montrent une tendance à la hausse. De futures études devraient viser à l’utilisation des plumes comme tissu de référence pour l’évaluation et le suivi de la contamination des écosystèmes, en particulier en ce qui concerne les POPs. Parmi les nombreuses espèces étudiées au cours de ces travaux de thèse, les bioindicateurs les plus pertinents se révèlent être le manchot empereur et le pétrel des neiges (Antarctique), le manchot royal, le pétrel bleu et l’albatros à sourcil noirs (subantarctique), le gorfou sauteur subtropical et l’albatros à bec jaune (subtropical). Le suivi à long terme de ces espèces permettra d’évaluer l’évolution temporelle de l’état de contamination de l’océan Austral. / Antarctic and subantarctic marine environments are reached by inorganic and organic contaminants through ocean circulation and atmospheric transport. Yet, environmental contamination is poorly known in the Southern Ocean, in particular in the Indian sector. Among environmental contaminants, mercury (Hg) and persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are primarily of concern, because they are toxic, highly mobile, and they bioaccumulate in the tissues of living organisms and biomagnify up the food web. Seabirds, as upper predators, are exposed to large quantities of contaminants via food intake and have widely served as biomonitors of marine contamination, notably through the non-destructive sampling of their feathers and blood. My doctoral work has focussed on the abundant and diverse seabird species (more than 40) breeding in the French Southern and Antarctic Lands, southern Indian Ocean, in order to describe and explain contaminant concentrations over a large latitudinal gradient, from Antarctica to the subtropics, and to identify the best bioindicator species for contaminant biomonitoring. In a first methodological step, seabirds with synchronous moult of body feathers (adult penguins and chicks of all species) were recognised as good candidates as bioindicators, because, unlike most adult birds, they present low within-individual variation in feather contaminant concentrations. In a second explanatory step, the influence of intrinsic (individual traits) and extrinsic factors (feeding ecology inferred from the stable isotope method) driving variation in contaminant concentrations was evaluated in feathers of the large avian community of the Kerguelen Islands (27 species) and in blood of wandering albatrosses from the Crozet Islands (180 birds of known individual traits). Feeding ecology was the main factor driving variation in contaminant concentrations of blood and feathers, both at the community, population and individual levels, whereas age, sex, phylogeny and breeding status played a minor role. Age-class was however an important intrinsic factor to consider, with chicks usually having lower concentrations than adults. In a third step, spatio-temporal patterns of contamination were studied through selected bioindicator species and by taking into account their feeding habits. Results from different species (oceanic seabirds) and populations (skua chicks) showed that, contrary to predictions, Hg exposure gradually increases from Antarctic to subantarctic and subtropical waters, whereas, in accordance with the global distillation theory, POPs exposure has the opposite pattern. Comparisons between penguin feathers from museum collections and contemporary samples showed that bird exposure to Hg is overall not different today when compared to 50-70 years ago, but subantarctic species are possibly experiencing an increasing trend. Future research efforts should be focussed on the use of feathers as biomonitoring tools, in particular for POPs determination. The best recommended bioindicator species include the emperor penguin and snow petrel (Antarctic), king penguin, blue petrel and black-browed albatross (subantarctic), and northern rockhopper penguin and Indian yellow-nosed albatross (subtropical). Future biomonitoring studies on these species will give invaluable insights into the poorly-known temporal trends of environmental contamination in the Southern Ocean.

This research investigates particulate matter (PM) deposition to rock pigeons (Columba livia) in urban environments within Denton County, Texas. Pigeon habitat was characterized within a 2-km radius at eight locations using the 2016 National Land Cover Database (NLCD). In summer 2020, feathers were sampled from 10 rock pigeons at two locations (n = 20) differing in degree of urban development. Birds were captured using walk-in funnel traps baited with bird seed. Based on molt pattern and appearance, four old flight feathers were identified and sampled from each bird. New primary feathers were obtained from each population as reference samples. Feathers were washed three times with double deionized water and acetone, and the solution vacuum filtered through a glass microfiber filter to collect all particles >1.5 µm in diameter. Particulate matter mass was determined by gravimetric analysis and calculated per unit feather surface area. Relative PM accumulation rates were significantly different between the populations. Characteristics of urban land cover, proximity to and types of emissions sources, wind exposure, and building density were drivers of variability in PM deposition to feather surfaces. The results from this study should be useful for subsequent research to help identify best practices for using feathers collected from pigeons or other urban restricted bird species to monitor PM levels across multiple spatial scales.

Although the main topic of my diploma thesis is Kabát, I describe in the introductory chapters of my previous work, because their creation and gradual emergence have been directed towards the final project - Kabát. As part of my sculpture, I concentrate mainly on the possibilities of transforming the human figure, using various classical and non-traditional sculptural materials. The fabric of a selected piece of clothing (in the case of a coat) is reinforced at a certain point in time, which I transposed into the feathered cavity - the coat that you put before you. His work with the "outer envelope of man" in the final passage of the text corresponds to the work of Czech and foreign artists.