Vårt huvudsyfte med denna studie var att öka kunskapen om hur socialsekreterare förhåller sigtill barnperspektivet i sitt arbete med ekonomiskt bistånd. Vi undersökte hur socialsekreterarnaupplevde det nuvarande arbetet, samt hur de önskade att arbeta med barnperspektivet. Studienvar en kvalitativ intervjustudie där empirin grundade sig på sju respondenter, vilka alla varverksamma inom ekonomiskt bistånd som socialsekreterare. För att bearbeta och analysera detinsamlade materialet gjordes en kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Vi har analyserat empirin med stödav Lipskys teori om gräsrotsbyråkrater och handlingsutrymme. Resultatet visade på attbedömningar utifrån, och beaktande av barnperspektivet skedde på olika sätt och i olika storutsträckning av socialsekreterarna. På flera av respondenternas arbetsplatser fanns det enavsaknad av kunskap i tillämpningen av barnperspektivet. Det uttrycktes, utifrån avsaknad avkunskap kring tillämpningen, ett önskemål om att utöka den. Resultatet visade också på attrespondenterna sällan hade någon direktkontakt med barnen, vilket bekräftade den tidigareforskningen. Därmed framkom ett behov av ett utökat underlag och forskning kring hur man påbästa möjliga sätt bör arbeta med barnperspektivet inom ekonomiskt bistånd i Sverige. / The aim of this study was to contribute to the knowledge of how social workers approach thechild’s perspective in their work with financial aid. We investigated how the social workersexperienced the current ways of work, and how they wished to work, with the child’sperspective. The study was a qualitative interview study where the empirical data was based onseven respondents, which all were operating within financial aid as social workers. To processand analyze the gathered material a qualitative content analysis was done. The data wasanalyzed with the support of Lipsky's theory about street-level bureaucrats and discretion. Theresults showed that the social workers made assessments from, and took consideration of, thechild perspective in different ways. In several of the respondent’s workplaces, there was a lackof knowledge in the application of the child’s perspective, which many of the social workersexpressed a desire to expand their knowledge about. The results also showed that therespondents rarely had any direct contact with the children, which confirms previous research.The conclusion of the study was therefore that there was a need for an expanded basis andresearch on the best possible way of working regarding the child’s perspective in financial aidin Sweden.

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The purpose of this study was to discover and assess student financial services delivered to students enrolled at East Tennessee State University. The research was undertaken for institutional self-improvement. The research explored changes that have occurred in student financial services in the dynamic higher education market. The research revealed universities pursued best practices for the delivery of student financial services through expanded employee knowledge, restructured organizations, and integrated information technologies. The research was conducted during October and November, 2006. The data were gathered from an online student survey of student financial services. The areas researched included: the Bursar office, the Financial Aid office, and online services. The results of the data analysis revealed problems with the students' perceived quality of existing financial services and the additional services students desire. The research focused on student perceptions of the quality of financial services by age and gender classifications and response categories. Although no statistically significant difference was found between the age-gender classifications on the perception of the quality of the financial services studied, the research adds to our understanding of student financial services at East Tennessee State University. Recommendation for continued research included annual surveys of segmented student populations that include ethnicity, age, gender, and educational level. The research would be used for continuous improvement efforts and student relationship management. Also additional research was recommended for employee learning in relation to the institution's mission, goals, and values.

Syftet med denna uppsats var att undersöka organiseringen av socialarbetares förändringsarbete med unga vuxna som mottar ekonomiskt bistånd, samt vad för hinder och möjligheter socialarbetarna själva upplever att det finns i arbetet. För att undersöka detta valdes en kvalitativ metod i form av intervjuer som genomfördes med sex socialarbetare. En kvalitativ innehållsanalys gjordes på insamlat datamaterial och resultatet analyserades med hjälp av tidigare forskning, organisationsteori samt teori om samverkan. Resultatet visade att organiseringen av arbetet kring målgruppen unga vuxna på ekonomiskt bistånd är en minimal sådan och att socialarbetarnas upplevelse är att de största hindren i förändringsarbetet medmålgruppen är svag samverkan, begränsat handlingsutrymme på gräsrotsnivå men också de unga vuxna själva. Resultatet uppmärksammade socialarbetarnas missnöje med samverkan, både med andra myndigheter och inom hierarkin på den egna myndigheten. Det begränsade handlingsutrymmet var också ett framträdande hinder och socialarbetarna uttryckte frustration över skillnaden i vad de kan erbjuda målgruppen, i relation till vad de ser för behov. Socialarbetarna hänvisade också till målgruppens attityd och motivation som ett stort hinder, speciellt tillsammans med ovannämnt: svag samverkan och begränsat handlingsutrymme. Detta då det framlades att insatser som arbetar med just attityd och motivation är otillräckliga. Avslutningsvis fastslogs det att möjligheter i arbetet med målgruppen ligger främst i bättre samverkan med andra aktörer och inom myndigheten för att kunna erbjuda bättre stöd för de unga vuxna som står längst ifrån arbetsmarknaden. / The purpose of this essay was to examine the organization of social workers’ work with young adults who are recipients of welfare, and what obstacles and possibilities the social workers themselves see in the work. To do this, a qualitative method was chosen, and five social workers were interviewed. A qualitative content analysis was used on the collected data, and the results were analyzed using previous research, organizational theory, and theory of cooperation. The results showed that the organization of work with the target population of young adults who are recipients of welfare is minimal. In addition, the social workers’experience is that the biggest obstacles in their work with the target population is weak cooperation, limited capacity for action at a grassroot level, and the young adults themselves.The results pointed out a discontent amongst the social workers in relation to cooperation, both regarding other agencies as well as within their own agency. The limited capacity for action was also a prominent obstacle, and the social workers expressed frustration over the difference in what they can offer the young adults in proportion to what they see is needed. Moreover, the social workers also noted that the target populations’ attitude and motivation is a huge obstacle, especially along with previously stated hurdles: weak cooperation and limited capacity for action. This is because according to the social workers, the support offered regarding working with attitude and motivation is inadequate. Lastly, the social workers established that the possibilities within this kind of work lies in better cooperation with other agencies and within their own ranks to be able to offer better support to the young adults who are furthest away from the labor market.

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[pt] Esta dissertação realiza um diagnóstico das trajetórias dos estudantes bolsistas da Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro. A pesquisa qualitativa com inspiração etnográfica se apresentou como o melhor recurso metodológico para entendermos a complexidade dos diferentes mecanismos utilizados pelos graduandos para viabilizarem a permanência universitária e a obtenção do diploma com bom aproveitamento. Para apresentar as diferentes características desse estudante, normalmente o primeiro universitário de sua família, investigamos as principais características da juventude contemporânea e apresentamos argumentos teóricos para interpretar este sujeito que está em uma rede relacional. Percebemos que alguns jovens entrevistados atribuem valores políticos à estética corporal e se autodenominam geração tombamento, demonstrando ser essa uma tática de empoderamento. Ao buscarmos compreender as diferentes dificuldades que os bolsistas enfrentam, conseguimos classificá-las em cinco esferas de dificuldades: acadêmicas, econômicas, de sociabilidade, emocionais, além das geradas pela distância entre a PUC-Rio e a residência dos estudantes. Para cada esfera de dificuldade o estudante busca mecanismos de superação. Como resultado deste trabalho, é possível observar que a política de concessão de bolsas atingiu não só os graduandos e seus grupos sociais, mas também vem contribuindo para a consolidação de um espaço universitário mais diversificado e mais democrático. / [en] This dissertation makes a diagnosis of the trajectories of scholarship students of the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro. A qualitative research with ethnographic inspiration was found to be the best methodological resort to understand the complexity of the different mechanisms used by undergraduates to enable them to stay in university and to obtain their degree with good academic performance. To present the different characteristics of such student, usually the first university student in his or her family, the main characteristics of contemporary youth and present theoretical arguments were investigated to interpret this human subject that is in a relational network. It became evident that some young people interviewed attribute political values to corporal aesthetics and call themselves geração tombamento [overturn generation], demonstrating that this is a tactic of empowerment. Trying to understand the different difficulties that scholarship holders face, they can be classified into five spheres of difficulty: academic, economic, sociability, emotional, besides those generated by the distance between this university and the students residence. For each sphere of difficulty, the student seeks mechanisms to overcome the situation. As a result of this research, it is possible to observe that the scholarship policy reached not only undergraduates and their social groups, but also has been contributing to the consolidation of a more diverse and democratic university field.

Bidragsbrott har på senare tid uppmärksammats som ett sätt för kriminella att finansiera den organiserade brottsligheten. Tidigare forskning har främst fokuserat på bidragsbrott mot myndigheter och det finns en kunskapslucka gällande kommunernas arbete mot bidragsbrott. Med en kvalitativ ansats undersöker denna studie bidragsbrott mot kommuner både övergripande utifrån ett nationellt perspektiv men även djupare på lokal nivå i Malmö och Helsingborgs stad. Studien syftar till att ta reda på hur arbetet för att motverka bidragsbrott upplevs samt vilken typ av samverkan som finns inom arbetet. Materialet består av semistrukturerade intervjuer med aktörer som besitter särskild kunskap om ämnet. Resultatet visade att det finns stora skillnader i hur långt olika kommuner har kommit i sitt arbete mot bidragsbrott. Vidare tyder resultatet på att det i en lokal kontext i Malmö och Helsingborgs stad finns en fungerande samverkan, men att samverkan på nationell nivå är problematiskt på grund av sekretesslagstiftning som hindrar informationsspridning mellan aktörer. Studien fann även att bidragsbrott inte är prioriterat hos polisen och att det inom myndigheten finns en kunskapsbrist gällande brottet, vilket skapar frustration hos kommunerna. Med hjälp av samverkansteori och contemporary criminology förklaras brister i samverkan och svårigheter kopplat till att bidragsbrott är ett relativt nytt fenomen. / Benefit fraud has recently attracted attention for being a way for criminals to finance organized crimes. Previous research has mainly focused on benefit fraud against authorities and there is lack of knowledge regarding benefit fraud against municipalities. A qualitative study was utilized to examine benefit fraud against municipalities in a national context as well as in a local context in the cities of Malmö and Helsingborg. The study aims to investigate how the work is experienced and what type of cooperation that exists in the work against benefit fraud. The research consists of semi-structured interviews with people who have special knowledge on the subject. The results highlighted differences in how far different municipalities have come in their work against benefit fraud. Further, it was found that the cooperations are working well in a local context in the municipalities of Malmö and Helsingborg, but the cooperation in a national context is problematic due to difficulties sharing information. The study also showed that there is a lack of priority and knowledge regarding benefit fraud amongst the police, which creates a frustration from the municipalities. Cooperation theory and contemporary criminology are used to explain shortcomings regarding cooperation as well as difficulties concerning the fact that benefit fraud is a relatively new phenomenon.

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