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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Avaliação nutricional e financeira dos sistemas de alimentação de vacas leiteiras em rebanhos do Leste Maranhense / Nutritional and financial evaluation of feeding systems of dairy cows in Eastern Maranhense herds

Silva, Lucas Fernandes da 14 February 2017 (has links)
Submitted by Rosivalda Pereira (mrs.pereira@ufma.br) on 2017-07-17T18:14:41Z No. of bitstreams: 1 LucasSilva.pdf: 598087 bytes, checksum: 7c5f43a60960f7c95e65f8d4fba7408a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-17T18:14:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LucasSilva.pdf: 598087 bytes, checksum: 7c5f43a60960f7c95e65f8d4fba7408a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-14 / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa e ao Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico do Maranhão (FAPEMA) / The objective of this study was to characterize the feeding system and to evaluate the nutritional status and financial efficiency of dairy cows belonging to dairy herds of the Maranhão east mesoregion, according to two periods of the year (water and dry) and two production strata L / day and Greater, ≥150 L / day). They were selected 19 Units with Milk Production (UPL) that received a visit during the period of the waters and a visit during the dry period. Data were collected by conference and samples of the ingredients supplied (quantities and prices), milk (total production, price, and milk samples). It was possible to identify that the UPL presented pasture feeding and concentrated food use in both periods of the year. There were no differences between water and dry matter for the daily availability of DM per animal (P = 0.85), total forage DM intake per day (P = 0.66) and neither with respect to live weight (P = 0, (P = 0.90) and CP consumption (P = 0.16), which allowed the absence of a difference in NDF consumption from forage (P = 0.90). Between the periods there was a difference between the price of milk traded between the UPLs, leaving the dry period with the highest value (P <0.05). The item revenue less cost with feed (RMCA) per liter of milk produced, presented better result during the dry period when compared to that obtained during the period of the waters. Feeding of the herds belonging to the UPL of the eastern Maranhão mesoregion is predominantly pasture, with food supplementation concentrated throughout the year and higher in the dry season. The higher supply of nitrogenous concentrated ingredients in the waters increased the NUL concentrations and reduced the lactose concentration. The price of milk undergoes oscillation within the year, being higher during the dry period, a fact that influenced the increase of gross income and the RMCA in this period. However, the financial assessment, considering the original production costs and the standardization of a single milk price, eliminated differences in RMCA between the periods. / Objetivou-se caracterizar o sistema de alimentação e avaliar o estado nutricional e a eficiência financeira de vacas em lactação pertencentes aos rebanhos leiteiros da mesorregião Leste maranhense, segundo dois períodos do ano (águas e seco) e dois estratos de produção (Menor, <150 L/dia e Maior, ≥150 L/dia). Foram selecioandas 19 Unidades com Produção de Leite (UPL) que receberam uma visita durante o período das águas e uma visita durante o período seco. A coleta dos dados foi realizada por conferência e amostras dos ingredientes fornecidos (quantidades e preços), leite (produção total, preço, e amostras de leite). Foi possível identificar que as UPL apresentavam utilização de alimentação a pasto e alimentos concentrados nos dois períodos do ano. Não houveram diferenças entre águas e seca para as disponibilidades de MS diária por animal (P=0,85), consumo de MS total de forragem por dia (P=0,66) e nem em relação ao peso vivo (P=0,33), o que permitiu ausência de diferença também no consumo de FDN oriunda da forragem (P=0,90) e sobre o consumo de PB (P=0,16). Entre os períodos houve diferença entre o preço de leite comercializado entre as UPL, ficando o período seco com o maior valor (P<0,05). O item receita menos custo com alimentação (RMCA) por litro de leite produzido, apresentou melhor resultado durante o período seco quando comparado ao obtido durante o período das águas. A alimentação dos rebanhos pertencentes às UPL da mesorregião Leste maranhense é predominatemente a pasto, com suplementação de alimentos concentrados durante todo o ano e em maior quantidade no período seco. A maior oferta de ingredientes concentrados nitrogenados nas aguas elevou as concentrações de NUL e reduziu a de lactose. O preço do leite sofre oscilação dentro do ano, sendo maior durante o período seco, fato que influenciou o aumento da renda bruta e do RMCA nesse período. Todavia, a avaliação financeira considerando os custos de produção originais e a padronização de um só preço do leite, eliminou diferenças na RMCA entre os períodos.
2

Úroveň vybraných stravovacích služeb ve zvolených odbytových zařízeních / Levels of food services in selected facilities

DUDÁKOVÁ, Jana January 2012 (has links)
The main objective of the thesis is to find out the level of food services in the selected facilities through comparative analysis. On the base of primary and secondary information will be determined the food cost of selected catering services and its comparison with other catering establishments. A secondary goal is to obtain an overall view of the menu in the selected catering facilities, raw material costs, method of calculation, or the calculation of food cost and to design the appropriate structure of selected food services in terms of attractiveness and optimal food cost. Acquired knowledge enables to convert the created menu into practice and apply as a potential competitive advantage of the catering facility.

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