A granodiorite pluton near the southwest boundary of the Coast Range of British Columbia was examined by field and petrographic methods, with the object of determining the origin of the pluton. Field and petrographic characteristics are presented and descriptions of 42 of 65 thin sections studied are included. There are no field structures which can be explained solely by magmatic processes. Several field characteristics which should be associated with magmatic intrusion are absent. Petrographic examination revealed no features which can be explained only by magmatic processes. On the other hand, the replacement textures found by microscopic examination cannot be attributed to crystallization from a melt. The physical chemical system which produced the present form of the pluton was an open one. Potash was added and soda and lime were removed in the early stages of recognizable replacement. Later silica was added and potash, alumina, soda and lime were removed. The processes which developed the granodiorite pluton are most accurately described as granitization. / Science, Faculty of / Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, Department of / Graduate

The thesis is intended to provide an alternative model for rural land use planning and environmental management. The project addresses the issue of settlement and development of sixteen hectares on Carmelo Point, Gambier Island. . The intent of the design is to initiate the development of the site within the determined development areas and to provide specific examples of integrating passive ecological technologies. Furthermore, the proposed development is to utilize the natural renewable energy systems while mamtaining the site's natural character and balance. The design program for the thesis is centred in and around a commons and is comprised of a lodge for cohabitation. The lodge is to include seven private chambers which share facilities in common. These facilities are the dining hall, sun rooms, washrooms, and the kitchen. The lodge is to incorporate a post and beam structure supporting a roof, which is used to catch and harvest rainwater. Additionally, the roof is designed to promote a stacking effect within the interior space. Once the harvested rainwater has been filtered and used, it is then treated via a garden solar aquatic septic system. The lodge is recognized as an initial incremental step in developing the site for human settlement. This project is intended as a prototypical ecologically sensitive intervention in a rural landscape which is experiencing development pressures due to its proximity to the Vancouver metropolitan area.

276 leaves : plates, maps / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Geology, 1961

The thesis is intended to provide an alternative model for rural land use planning and environmental management. The project addresses the issue of settlement and development of sixteen hectares on Carmelo Point, Gambier Island. . The intent of the design is to initiate the development of the site within the determined development areas and to provide specific examples of integrating passive ecological technologies. Furthermore, the proposed development is to utilize the natural renewable energy systems while mamtaining the site's natural character and balance. The design program for the thesis is centred in and around a commons and is comprised of a lodge for cohabitation. The lodge is to include seven private chambers which share facilities in common. These facilities are the dining hall, sun rooms, washrooms, and the kitchen. The lodge is to incorporate a post and beam structure supporting a roof, which is used to catch and harvest rainwater. Additionally, the roof is designed to promote a stacking effect within the interior space. Once the harvested rainwater has been filtered and used, it is then treated via a garden solar aquatic septic system. The lodge is recognized as an initial incremental step in developing the site for human settlement. This project is intended as a prototypical ecologically sensitive intervention in a rural landscape which is experiencing development pressures due to its proximity to the Vancouver metropolitan area. / Applied Science, Faculty of / Architecture and Landscape Architecture (SALA), School of / Graduate

Le volcanisme de point chaud est l'une des activités les plus intrigantes de la Terre. L'origine de ce type de volcanisme est encore débattue mais il est largement admis que les panaches sont formés de matériel chaud qui peut potentiellement entrainer avec lui des matériaux recyclés. La plupart des études se concentrent sur les panaches puissants montrant une forte production magmatique comme Hawaï ou la Réunion, mais les panaches montrant une plus faible production magmatique comme la Polynésie (Pacifique sud), peuvent apporter des informations complémentaires.Ce travail consiste en une étude pétrologique et géochimique de la chaine de Pitcairn-Gambier, située au sud-est du panache Polynésien. Ce travail s'organise autour de mesures en éléments majeurs et en trace, de compositions isotopiques en Pb, Sr, Nd et Hf sur une centaine d'échantillons, et autour d'analyses ponctuelles sur olivines et sulfures contenus dans certains échantillons.Les compositions isotopiques et élémentaires montrent une évolution systématique avec le temps (de Mururoa, île la plus vieille, aux monts sous-marins de Pitcairn les plus jeunes), depuis des compositions isotopiques « HIMU jeunes » avec une forte anomalie positive en Nb (1.8) jusqu'à des compositions isotopique EMI typiques avec une faible anomalie négative en Nb (0.8). Les différents modèles développés dans cette thèse ont permis de dater, contraindre la lithologie et la proportion des composants recyclés dans la source de ces îles. Les îles de Mururoa, Fangataufa et Gambier possèdent dans leur source de la croûte basaltique recyclée de 1.5 Ga ainsi que des sédiments âgés de 1-1.5 Ga (<0.36%). L'étude ciblée de l'île de Gambier met en évidence une source plutôt froide (~1450°C) comparée aux autres panaches comme Hawaï (1550°C). La source de l'île de Pitcairn et de ses monts sous-marins se révèle extrêmement différente car elle contient non seulement de la croûte basaltique recyclée (1.5 Ga) mais également jusqu'à ~18% de cherts archéens (~2.5 Ga). La présence inattendue de cherts archéens dans la source des îles de Pitcairn qui ont les valeurs EM1 les plus prononcées des OIB, remet en cause les autres théories développées pour tenter de contraindre ce composant.Les anomalies positives en Nb indiquent la présence dans la source de croûte basaltique recyclée. La diminution de cette anomalie au cours du temps le long de la chaîne est expliquée par l'augmentation progressive du taux de sédiments dans la source du panache, les sédiments possédant une anomalie négative en Nb.Les hétérogénéités isotopiques et élémentaires mises en évidence dans cette étude sont expliquées par fusion, sous chaque île, de matériel de composition et d'âge différents. Un modèle possible pour expliquer la structure de l'ensemble du panache polynésien, consiste en de «petits panaches» générés à partir d'un super-panache. Ces petits panaches produisent alors de petits alignements, et échantillonnent de manière imprévisible les différents matériels présents dans le super-panache. L'ensemble des données et modèles proposés dans cette thèse offre un nouvel angle pour apprécier la variabilité géochimique du panache Polynésien et à plus grande échelle de nouvelles perspectives pour comprendre les processus de recyclage au sein du manteau terrestre. / Plume volcanism is one of the most puzzling features of present-day activities of the Earth. The origin of this type of volcanism remains a matter of debate, but it is generally agreed that its source is hot material containing some potentially recycled material. Most studies have focused on ‘strong' plumes with high magmatic production, e.g. Hawaii or Réunion, but weaker plumes such as Polynesia (South Pacific) may provide useful complementary information.This work presents a petrological and geochemical study of the Pitcairn-Gambier chain, situated at the South East of the Polynesian plume. I report major and trace element concentrations and Pb, Sr, Nd and Hf isotopic measurements of ~100 samples as well as probe analyses on olivine and sulphides in a few selected samples.Both isotopes and trace elements show a strong correlation with the age of the volcanoes (from the oldest island of Mururoa to the younger Pitcairn Seamounts), from « Young HIMU » isotopic compositions associated with high positive Nb anomalies (1.8), to typical EMI compositions with a slight negative anomaly (0.8). Geochemical modeling enables to constrain the age, the nature and the proportion of the recycled components in the source. Mururoa, Fangataufa and Gambier show in their source, the presence of 1.5 Gy recycled oceanic crust, along with 1-1.5 Gy sediments (<0.36%). The source of Gambier Island basalts is ‘cold' (~1450°C) compared to that of other plumes like Hawaii (1550°C). In contrast, the Pitcairn Island and Seamounts source is different as it contains 1.5 Gy recycled basaltic oceanic crust, as well as up to ~18% Archean (~2.5 Ga) cherts. The unexpected discovery of Archean cherts in the source of Pitcairn islands (which have the most extreme EMI compositions) is at odd with previous models on the origin of the EMI component.Positive Nb anomalies indicate the presence of recycled oceanic crust in the source, and this anomaly decreases with time along the chain. This feature can be explained by the increasing contribution of the sediment input in the source of the plume, since sediments display a negative Nb anomaly.The isotopic heterogeneities evidenced in this study are best explained by melting, beneath the islands, of different materials with various ages and compositions. The general structure of the Polynesian plume can be explained by the presence of small plumes generated from a superplume. These small plumes create small alignments, and they randomly sample various materials present in the plume. Overall the data and models in this study give new insights into the geochemical variations observed across the Polynesian plume, and at a larger scale they provide new perspectives to better understand crustal recycling processes and the evolution of the mantle through time.

Maps in pocket inside back cover. / Includes published papers and abstracts of works by the author / "November 2003" / Includes bibliographical references. / Various paging : ill. (chiefly col.), maps, plates, charts (some folded) ; 30 cm. + 2 scaled seismic survey maps / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, National Centre for Petroleum Geology and Geophysics and Discipline of Geology and Geophysics, 2004

This thesis presents an experimental investigation of two-phase flow properties of porous rock samples having different scales ranging from micro-CT imaging to conventional core plug scales. Advances in micro-CT imaging of porous materials provide the opportunity to extract representative networks from the images. This improves the predictive capability of porescale network models to predict multiphase flow properties. However, all these predictions need to be validated with laboratory data. Micro-CT imaging is currently limited to small sample sizes, having bulk volumes of the order of 0.1 cm??. Conventional core plugs, however, have sizes several orders of magnitude larger than that (bulk volumes of 10 cm?? or larger). The aim of this thesis is to investigate the scale effect on laboratory data and to provide reliable experimental data which can be used to test the predictive value of microCT based network models. Berea and Bentheim sandstones and Mount Gambier carbonate were used in the experiments. The core samples were thoroughly cleaned in order to obtain strongly, uniform water-wet conditions. Simple well-characterized fluid systems were chosen in the experiments: Air-brine fluid-system for drainage capillary pressure, resistivity index and spontaneous imbibition experiments while oil-brine fluid-system for wettability and relative permeability measurements. Drainage capillary pressure, resistivity index, relative permeability and spontaneous imbibition measurements were made on the cores having bulk volumes ranging from 0.1 to 12 cm??. Previous studies have shown that experiments at this scale are still lacking. The wettability was tried to keep strongly water-wet for all experiments. The experimental results show that the measurements of drainage capillary pressure, and resistivity index and spontaneous imbibition on small core samples, having similar scales as micro-CT imaging can be made accurately in the laboratory. The measurement of relative permeability remains challenging. This thesis concludes that commonly used homogeneous rock types (Berea and Bentheim sandstones and Mt. Gambier carbonate) can be considered to be sufficiently homogeneous from the pore to core scale based on the two-phase flow properties examined in this study. Hence, laboratory data taken from these rocks using conventional core plugs can be used to calibrate micro-CT based network models for multiphase flow properties.

Thesis (B. Ec.(Hons.))--University of Adelaide, 1972. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 97-98).

The Otway Basin of southeast Australia is the subject of this thesis, which incorporates pre-existing geological, hydraulic and major element hydrogeological data with new isotope hydrogeochemical investigations. The region is an Upper Cretaceous–Tertiary basin, filled with siliciclastic and calcareous aquifers and aquitards and characterised by late volcanic activity, pervasive faulting and karstification. (For complete abstract open document.)