Spelling suggestions: "subject:"genetically modified goods""
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The Valuation of Agricultural Biotechnology: The Real Options ApproachFlagg, Ian Marshall January 2008 (has links)
This study develops a real options model of agbiotechnology and is applied to three genetically modified (GM) traits. Each trait is evaluated as growth options where technical or marketing milestones must be completed before management can exercise the option to invest further in trait development. The real options values are evaluated by employing a binomial tree which is simulated using distributions for random elements within stages of the growth option. Mean option values were negative for the discovery stage for fusarium-resistant wheat and for all but the regulatory submission stage for Roundup Ready wheat. The length of the regulatory submission stage had the greatest negative impact on the value of the option while the ability of the firm to maximize technology-use-fees had the greatest positive impact. Additionally, traits adapted to crops with larger potential market size are more likely to be in the money than traits developed for smaller market segments.
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Pricing Genetically Modified Output Traits and Effects on Competing TechnologiesJohnson, Adam Michael January 2007 (has links)
This study develops a framework for pricing output traits derived from agriculture biotechnology and the effects on competing technologies post-introduction of the genetically modified (GM) variety. The price impact model determines processor or consumer adoption rates and changes in processor, farmer, and tech firm surplus as a result of the release of the new GM variety. Several implications result from this research. First, adoption of the GM variety may not be as high as expected due to the lower cost of using conventional varieties for processing or consumption inputs. Second, both processors who adopt the GM variety and those who continue to use conventional varieties will have an increase in surplus as a result
of the introduction of the GM variety. Lower costs of conventional varieties will also result in new entrants into the market.
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Application of thermostable a-Amylase from Thermomyces lanuginosus ATCC 58157 to nutritionally enhance starch based foodPadayachee, Thiriloshani January 2006 (has links)
Thesis (D. Tech.: Biotechnology)-Dept. of Biotechnology, Durban University of Technology, 2006 xii, 274 leaves / In Sub-Saharan Africa there is an urgent need to sustain and improve the quality of its food resources. Poverty eradication features high on the agenda of a number of world health organisations, while the number of underweight children in Africa continues to increase (Pellet, 1996). Providing nutritionally enhanced foods to the poor will help towards achieving this objective. Protein-energy malnutrition has been identified as one of the most important problems facing Africa, with maize as the staple diet (Nkama et al., 1995). However, a combination of several factors limits availability and the nutritional quality of maize. During starvation, energy and protein intakes decrease by 20-30%, with most of the children in Africa having an average protein intake of only 20 g per day (Igbedioh, 1996). Energy availability also affects protein utilization because of interrelationships of protein and energy metabolism (Elwyn, 1993). The diets of inhabitants in developing regions depend mainly on cereals (maize) for both protein and dietary energy which lacks indispensable amino acids, minerals, vitamins and carbohydrates. In light of these growing concerns an attempt was made to devise a scientific strategy to combat the nutritional shortfalls of maize meal. A multidisciplinary and concerted approach was followed within this project aimed at designing an improved thermostable amylase and applying the enzyme to nutritionally enhance maize meal. It was envisaged that the manipulation of maize meal, by the application of enzyme technology will improve the nutritional status of this staple food. The consequences is that an alternate solution for the eradication of an ailing, poverty stricken and malnourished African population is achievable. It is possible that the boundaries defining the limits of life will extend to even greater extremes through the application of novel technologies.
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The international political economy of the Cartagena Protocol on biosafetyDu Plessis, Marthinus Johannes 03 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MA)--University of Stellenbosch, 2001. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The development of the global biotechnology industry largely coincided with the
development of the US biotechnology industry. This resulted in this industry's
oligopolistic and centralised nature where only a few multinational chemical and
pharmaceutical companies control most biotechnology processes and production of
commodities emanating from these processes. The governance of biotechnology
has, until recently, been dominated by state actors who have endeavoured to secure
national interests, including those of large multinational corporations (MNCs) based
within their boundaries.
The technological ability of developed states to exploit and use unevenly distributed
resources to their advantage means that an uneven relationship exists between
these and poor developing countries. This has been highlighted by differences in
public opinion about the role and application of biotechnology in society. While some
opinions favour the use and application of biotechnology to enhance food supplies
and boost production levels and trade, other opinions caution against the possible
hazards that genetically manipulated organisms (GMOs) hold for the environment
and human existence.
The commercialisation of biotechnology has resulted in the exponential growth of
genetically manipulated crops in especially the United States and countries like
Argentina and Canada. These countries produce large surpluses of staple grains
such as corn and soya and try to sell these to countries with food supply problems.
The clash in commercial interests stemming from developed countries' insistence on
the protection of intellectual property rights (IPR) on genetically manipulated (GM)
seeds has caused considerable conflict with poor farmers who will not be able to
sustain their livelihoods if they cannot save seeds for future harvests.
This is one aspect of the problems surrounding the protection of knowledge products
that is exacerbated by the scientific uncertainty pertaining to the risk involved with
biotechnology. While some observers agitate for precaution with the use of GMOs,
others feel that a lack of scientific proof of harm is sufficient grounds for proceeding
with developments in biotechnology. Conversely, there are some that feel that biotechnology is market driven instead of human needs driven, ultimately resulting in
developing countries receiving very little benefit from it.
The Cartagena Protocol on biosafety was drafted to address some of the difficulties
involved with the transboundary movement of GMOs. Although it holds very specific
advantages for developing countries, as a regulatory framework it is limited in its
scope and application. Developing countries are limited in their policy options to
address their need to protect biodiversity and secure their food supply. This means
that considerable challenges and constraints await these countries in utilising global
governance of public goods and building their human and technological capacities. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die ontwikkeling van die globale biotegnologie-industrie het grootliks saamgeval met
die ontwikkeling van die Verenigde State se biotegnologie-industrie. Dit het
aanleiding gegee tot hierdie industrie se oligopolistiese en gesentraliseerde aard
waar slegs enkele multinasionale chemiese en farmaseutiese maatskappye die
meeste biotegnologie prosesse en die vervaardiging van kommoditeite uit daardie
prosesse beheer. Die regering van biotegnologie was tot onlangs oorheers deur
staatsakteurs wie gepoog het om nasionale belange te beskerm, insluitend die
belange van multinasionale korporasies (MNK) wat vanuit hulle grondgebied
funksioneer.
Die tegnologiese vermoë van ontwikkelde state om oneweredig verspreide
hulpbronne tot eie gewin te benut beteken dat 'n ongelyke verhouding bestaan
tussen hierdie en arm ontwikkelende state. Dit word beklemtoon deur verskille in
openbare mening oor die rol en aanwending van biotegnologie in die samelewing.
Terwyl sekere opinies ten gunste van die aanwending van biotegnologie vir die
verbetering van voedselbronne en produksievlakke en handel is, dui ander opinies
op die moontlike gevare wat geneties gemanipuleerde organismes (GMOs) vir die
omgewing en menslike voortbestaan inhou.
Die kommersialisering van biotegnologie het gelei tot die eksponensiële groei van
geneties gemanipuleerde gewasse in veral die Verenigde State en state soos
Argentinië en Kanada. Hierdie state produseer groot hoeveelhede stapelgrane soos
mielies en soja en poog om dit te verkoop aan state met
voedselvoorsieningsprobleme. Die botsing in kommersiële belange wat spruit uit
ontwikkelde state se aandrang op die beskerming van intellektuele eiendomsreg op
geneties gemanipuleerde saad veroorsaak beduidende konflik met arm landbouers
wie nie hulle lewensonderhoud kan verseker as hulle nie saad kan berg vir
toekomstige saaiseisoene nie.
Dit is een aspek van die problematiek rondom die beskerming van kennisprodukte
wat vererger word deur die wetenskaplike onsekerheid wat gepaard gaan met die
risiko's van biotegnologie. Terwyl sekere waarnemers vir waaksaamheid pleit in die gebruik van GMOs, is daar ander wat voel dat 'n gebrek aan wetenskaplike bewyse
van skade genoegsame gronde is vir die voortsetting van ontwikkelings in
biotegnologie. Insgelyks is daar diegene wat meen dat biotegnologie markgedrewe
in plaas van menslike behoefte gedrewe is, wat uiteindelik daartoe lei dat
ontwikkelende state baie min voordeel daaruit trek.
Die Kartagena Protokoloor bioveiligheid is opgestel om van die probleme betrokke
by die oorgrens verskuiwing van GMOs aan te spreek. Hoewel dit spesifieke
voordele vir ontikkelende state inhou is dit as reguleringsraamwerk beperk in omvang
en aanwending. Ontwikkelende state het beperkte beleidsopsies om hulle behoefte
om biodiversiteit te beskerm en voedselvoorsiening te verseker, aan te spreek. Dit
beteken dat beduidende uitdagings en beperkings hierdie state in die benutting van
globale regering van openbare goedere vir die bou van menslike en tegnologiese
kapasiteite in die gesig staar.
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Consumer Perception of Organic and Genetically Modified Foods : Health and Environmental ConsiderationsMagnusson, Maria January 2004 (has links)
<p>The aim was to study consumer attitudes to and perceptions of organic and genetically modified (GM) foods and factors influencing the purchase/non purchase of these two types of foods. Data were collected by two questionnaire surveys (random nation-wide samples of 2000 consumers, response rate 58% and 39% respectively) and one interview study (n=40).</p><p>A majority of the consumers had positive attitudes towards purchasing organic foods but few reported purchasing organic foods regularly. The most common beliefs about organic foods were that they are more expensive and healthier. Choice of organic foods was related to the perceived consequences for human health and to environmentally friendly behaviour. Perceived positive health consequences appeared to be a stronger motive for purchasing organic foods than were environmental benefits.</p><p>Attitudes towards genetic engineering (GE) appear to be dependent on the application area. Medical applications were generally more easily accepted than were food and agricultural applications. However, all medical applications were not equally accepted. Consumers had generally rather negative attitudes towards GM foods, which were perceived as not being healthy. GM of animals for food production was perceived more negative than GM of plants. Tangible benefits of GM foods, like being better for the environment or healthier, seemed to have a potential to increase willingness to buy.</p><p>The results indicate that the attitudes to organic and GM foods differ: the attitude to organic foods is positive while the attitude to GM foods is more negative. Further, the perceptions of organic and GM foods are opposed in relation to health. The purchase of organic foods and the potential willingness to purchase GM foods appear to be related to positive consequences for health and the environment.</p>
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Consumer Perception of Organic and Genetically Modified Foods : Health and Environmental ConsiderationsMagnusson, Maria January 2004 (has links)
The aim was to study consumer attitudes to and perceptions of organic and genetically modified (GM) foods and factors influencing the purchase/non purchase of these two types of foods. Data were collected by two questionnaire surveys (random nation-wide samples of 2000 consumers, response rate 58% and 39% respectively) and one interview study (n=40). A majority of the consumers had positive attitudes towards purchasing organic foods but few reported purchasing organic foods regularly. The most common beliefs about organic foods were that they are more expensive and healthier. Choice of organic foods was related to the perceived consequences for human health and to environmentally friendly behaviour. Perceived positive health consequences appeared to be a stronger motive for purchasing organic foods than were environmental benefits. Attitudes towards genetic engineering (GE) appear to be dependent on the application area. Medical applications were generally more easily accepted than were food and agricultural applications. However, all medical applications were not equally accepted. Consumers had generally rather negative attitudes towards GM foods, which were perceived as not being healthy. GM of animals for food production was perceived more negative than GM of plants. Tangible benefits of GM foods, like being better for the environment or healthier, seemed to have a potential to increase willingness to buy. The results indicate that the attitudes to organic and GM foods differ: the attitude to organic foods is positive while the attitude to GM foods is more negative. Further, the perceptions of organic and GM foods are opposed in relation to health. The purchase of organic foods and the potential willingness to purchase GM foods appear to be related to positive consequences for health and the environment.
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Knowledge tracking of organically produced and generically modified foodVan Rensburg, D. B. J. (David Benjamin Janse) January 2012 (has links)
D.Tech. Business Administration. Business School. / Focuses on the awareness and knowledge of consumers on organically produced and genetically modified food, and how their self-rated level of knowledge impacts on their attitudes, perceptions and purchasing behaviour in the field. Furthermore, it highlights changes in consumer knowledge, perceptions, attitudes and purchasing behaviour over time, indicating to the rate of acceptance of these foods. In addition, it also supplies guidelines for future marketing communication on such food.
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Application of thermostable a-Amylase from Thermomyces lanuginosus ATCC 58157 to nutritionally enhance starch based foodPadayachee, Thiriloshani January 2006 (has links)
Thesis (D. Tech.: Biotechnology)-Dept. of Biotechnology, Durban University of Technology, 2006 xii, 274 leaves / In Sub-Saharan Africa there is an urgent need to sustain and improve the quality of its food resources. Poverty eradication features high on the agenda of a number of world health organisations, while the number of underweight children in Africa continues to increase (Pellet, 1996). Providing nutritionally enhanced foods to the poor will help towards achieving this objective. Protein-energy malnutrition has been identified as one of the most important problems facing Africa, with maize as the staple diet (Nkama et al., 1995). However, a combination of several factors limits availability and the nutritional quality of maize. During starvation, energy and protein intakes decrease by 20-30%, with most of the children in Africa having an average protein intake of only 20 g per day (Igbedioh, 1996). Energy availability also affects protein utilization because of interrelationships of protein and energy metabolism (Elwyn, 1993). The diets of inhabitants in developing regions depend mainly on cereals (maize) for both protein and dietary energy which lacks indispensable amino acids, minerals, vitamins and carbohydrates. In light of these growing concerns an attempt was made to devise a scientific strategy to combat the nutritional shortfalls of maize meal. A multidisciplinary and concerted approach was followed within this project aimed at designing an improved thermostable amylase and applying the enzyme to nutritionally enhance maize meal. It was envisaged that the manipulation of maize meal, by the application of enzyme technology will improve the nutritional status of this staple food. The consequences is that an alternate solution for the eradication of an ailing, poverty stricken and malnourished African population is achievable. It is possible that the boundaries defining the limits of life will extend to even greater extremes through the application of novel technologies.
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49 |
The international political economy of the Cartagena Protocol on biosafetyDu Plessis, Marthinus Johannes 03 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MA)--University of Stellenbosch, 2001. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The development of the global biotechnology industry largely coincided with the
development of the US biotechnology industry. This resulted in this industry's
oligopolistic and centralised nature where only a few multinational chemical and
pharmaceutical companies control most biotechnology processes and production of
commodities emanating from these processes. The governance of biotechnology
has, until recently, been dominated by state actors who have endeavoured to secure
national interests, including those of large multinational corporations (MNCs) based
within their boundaries.
The technological ability of developed states to exploit and use unevenly distributed
resources to their advantage means that an uneven relationship exists between
these and poor developing countries. This has been highlighted by differences in
public opinion about the role and application of biotechnology in society. While some
opinions favour the use and application of biotechnology to enhance food supplies
and boost production levels and trade, other opinions caution against the possible
hazards that genetically manipulated organisms (GMOs) hold for the environment
and human existence.
The commercialisation of biotechnology has resulted in the exponential growth of
genetically manipulated crops in especially the United States and countries like
Argentina and Canada. These countries produce large surpluses of staple grains
such as corn and soya and try to sell these to countries with food supply problems.
The clash in commercial interests stemming from developed countries' insistence on
the protection of intellectual property rights (IPR) on genetically manipulated (GM)
seeds has caused considerable conflict with poor farmers who will not be able to
sustain their livelihoods if they cannot save seeds for future harvests.
This is one aspect of the problems surrounding the protection of knowledge products
that is exacerbated by the scientific uncertainty pertaining to the risk involved with
biotechnology. While some observers agitate for precaution with the use of GMOs,
others feel that a lack of scientific proof of harm is sufficient grounds for proceeding
with developments in biotechnology. Conversely, there are some that feel that biotechnology is market driven instead of human needs driven, ultimately resulting in
developing countries receiving very little benefit from it.
The Cartagena Protocol on biosafety was drafted to address some of the difficulties
involved with the transboundary movement of GMOs. Although it holds very specific
advantages for developing countries, as a regulatory framework it is limited in its
scope and application. Developing countries are limited in their policy options to
address their need to protect biodiversity and secure their food supply. This means
that considerable challenges and constraints await these countries in utilising global
governance of public goods and building their human and technological capacities. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die ontwikkeling van die globale biotegnologie-industrie het grootliks saamgeval met
die ontwikkeling van die Verenigde State se biotegnologie-industrie. Dit het
aanleiding gegee tot hierdie industrie se oligopolistiese en gesentraliseerde aard
waar slegs enkele multinasionale chemiese en farmaseutiese maatskappye die
meeste biotegnologie prosesse en die vervaardiging van kommoditeite uit daardie
prosesse beheer. Die regering van biotegnologie was tot onlangs oorheers deur
staatsakteurs wie gepoog het om nasionale belange te beskerm, insluitend die
belange van multinasionale korporasies (MNK) wat vanuit hulle grondgebied
funksioneer.
Die tegnologiese vermoë van ontwikkelde state om oneweredig verspreide
hulpbronne tot eie gewin te benut beteken dat 'n ongelyke verhouding bestaan
tussen hierdie en arm ontwikkelende state. Dit word beklemtoon deur verskille in
openbare mening oor die rol en aanwending van biotegnologie in die samelewing.
Terwyl sekere opinies ten gunste van die aanwending van biotegnologie vir die
verbetering van voedselbronne en produksievlakke en handel is, dui ander opinies
op die moontlike gevare wat geneties gemanipuleerde organismes (GMOs) vir die
omgewing en menslike voortbestaan inhou.
Die kommersialisering van biotegnologie het gelei tot die eksponensiële groei van
geneties gemanipuleerde gewasse in veral die Verenigde State en state soos
Argentinië en Kanada. Hierdie state produseer groot hoeveelhede stapelgrane soos
mielies en soja en poog om dit te verkoop aan state met
voedselvoorsieningsprobleme. Die botsing in kommersiële belange wat spruit uit
ontwikkelde state se aandrang op die beskerming van intellektuele eiendomsreg op
geneties gemanipuleerde saad veroorsaak beduidende konflik met arm landbouers
wie nie hulle lewensonderhoud kan verseker as hulle nie saad kan berg vir
toekomstige saaiseisoene nie.
Dit is een aspek van die problematiek rondom die beskerming van kennisprodukte
wat vererger word deur die wetenskaplike onsekerheid wat gepaard gaan met die
risiko's van biotegnologie. Terwyl sekere waarnemers vir waaksaamheid pleit in die gebruik van GMOs, is daar ander wat voel dat 'n gebrek aan wetenskaplike bewyse
van skade genoegsame gronde is vir die voortsetting van ontwikkelings in
biotegnologie. Insgelyks is daar diegene wat meen dat biotegnologie markgedrewe
in plaas van menslike behoefte gedrewe is, wat uiteindelik daartoe lei dat
ontwikkelende state baie min voordeel daaruit trek.
Die Kartagena Protokoloor bioveiligheid is opgestel om van die probleme betrokke
by die oorgrens verskuiwing van GMOs aan te spreek. Hoewel dit spesifieke
voordele vir ontikkelende state inhou is dit as reguleringsraamwerk beperk in omvang
en aanwending. Ontwikkelende state het beperkte beleidsopsies om hulle behoefte
om biodiversiteit te beskerm en voedselvoorsiening te verseker, aan te spreek. Dit
beteken dat beduidende uitdagings en beperkings hierdie state in die benutting van
globale regering van openbare goedere vir die bou van menslike en tegnologiese
kapasiteite in die gesig staar.
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Genetic engineering of sugarcane for increased sucrose and consumer acceptanceConradie, Tobie Tertius 12 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2011. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Sugarcane is a crop that is farmed commercially due to the high amounts of sucrose that
is stored within the mature internodes of the stem. Numerous studies have been done to
understand sugar metabolism in this crop as well as to enhance sucrose yields. Until now
sugarcane improvement strategies have been implemented through either breeding
programs or transgenic manipulation. Public mistrust and regulatory hurdles, however,
have made the commercialisation of transgenic crops difficult, expensive and timeconsuming.
In this thesis two projects will address issues relating to the above. The first will address
an effort to increase sucrose accumulation within the sugarcane culm. This was attempted
via the expression of an Arabidopsis thaliana vacuolar pyrophosphatase (AtV-PPase)
gene, linked to the maize ubiquitin promoter, in sugarcane callus. It was anticipated that
increased activity of the tonoplast-bound AtV-PPase will result in increased sucrose
accumulation in the vacuole. Transgenic sugarcane callus lines were tested for soluble
sugar content which suggested no significant increase in sucrose content. However, this
may change upon further assessment of sugarcane suspension cultures and glasshouse
plants.
The second project was concerned with the development of a novel sugarcane
transformation technology that utilises only sugarcane sequences. This ‘cisgenic’
approach to sugarcane transformation will require a native sugarcane promoter,
terminator, vector backbone and selection marker. It was attempted to first isolate a functional promoter as well as developing a selection system based on an endogenous
selection marker.
A promoter was amplified from sugarcane, using primers designed on a sorghum
template, and its expression assessed using a GFP reporter gene. Unfortunately
expression could not be confirmed in transgenic sugarcane callus. Currently, an alternative
approach is followed by using short fragments of constitutively expressed genes to screen
sugarcane Bacterial Artificial Chromosome (BAC) libraries to isolate their corresponding
promoters.
Lastly, it was attempted to develop a selection system for transgenic sugarcane based on
resistance to the herbicide chlorosulfuron. A mutant acetolactate synthase (alsb) gene
from tobacco, which has shown to confer resistance to the tobacco, was transformed into
sugarcane callus. It was anticipated that this gene will confer chlorosulfuron resistance to
transgenic sugarcane. If resistance is achieved, the corresponding sugarcane gene will be
mutated via site-directed mutagenesis and checked if it also confers resistance to
sugarcane. Results showed that although transgenic lines were generated, resistance
development is still inconclusive. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Suikerriet is ‘n kommersiële gewas wat verbou word as gevolg van die hoë hoeveelhede
sukrose wat gestoor word in die volwasse tussenknope van die stam. Verskeie studies is
al gedoen om suiker metabolisme in die gewas te ondersoek, sowel as om die sukrose
opbrengs te verhoog. Huidige strategieë vir suikerriet verbetering word beywer deur
middel van teel-programme of transgeniese manipulasie. Die kommersialiseëring van
transgeniese gewasse word egter bemoeilik deur publieke wanpersepsies, sowel as
regulatoriese uitdagings.
Hierdie tesis beoog om boenoemde kwessies aan te spreek, deur middel van twee
projekte. Die eerste projek poog om sukrose akkumulasie in sukerriet te verhoog. Dit was
onderneem om die Arabidopsis thaliana vakuolere pirofosfatase (AtV-PPase) geen, wat
verbind is met die mielie ubiquitien promoter, uit te druk in suikerriet kallus. Daar was
verwag dat die verhoogde aktiwiteit van die tonoplast-gebonde AtV-PPase sal veroorsaak
dat meer sukrose in die vakuool akkumuleer. Oplosbare suiker inhoud was getoets in
transgeniese suikerriet kallus lyne, maar geen merkbare verhoging in sukrose inhoud was
waargeneem nie. Hierdie mag egter verander met verdere ondersoeke in suikerriet
suspensie-kulture en glashuis-plante.
Die tweede projek het beywer om ‘n nuwe suikerriet transformasie tegnologie te ontwikkel,
wat slegs van suikerriet genetiese materiaal gebruik maak. Hierdie ‘cisgeniese’ benadering
tot suikerriet transformasie sal ‘n inheemse suikerriet promoter, terminator, vektor ruggraat
en seleksie-merker, benodig. Dit was eers beoog om ‘n funksionele promoter te isoleer,
sowel as om ‘n seleksie sisteem, gebasseer op ‘n inheemse seleksie merker, te ontwikkel. Deur gebruik te maak van primers wat op ‘n sorghum templaat gebasseer is, was ‘n
promotor geisoleer vanuit suikerriet; die uitdrukking hiervan is bepaal deur gebruik te maak
van ‘n GFP verklikker geen. Ongelukkig kon uitdrukking nie bevestig word in transgeniese
suikerriet kallus nie. Tans word suikerriet Kunsmatige Bakterieële Chromosoom (KBC)
biblioteke geskandeer, deur gebruik te maak van geen-fragmente van globaal-uitgedrukte
gene, om ooreenstemmende suikerriet promoters te isoleer.
Die tweede deel van die cisgeniese projek het beoog om ‘n seleksie sisteem vir
transgeniese suikerriet te ontwikkel, wat gebasseer is op weerstand teen die plantdoder
chlorosulfuron. Suikerriet kallus was getranformeer met ‘n mutante tabak geen –
asektolaktaat sintase (alsb) – wat chlorosulfuron weerstand in tabak meebring. Daar was
verwag dat die geen chlorosulfuron weerstand aan transgeniese suikerriet sou oordra.
Indien weerstand ontwikkel, sal die ooreenstemende suikerriet geen deur gerigte
mutagenese gemuteer word; dan sal dit kan bepaal word of weerstand ook oorgedra word
aan suikerriet. Daar is bevind dat alhoewel transgeniese lyne gegenereer is, daar steeds
nie ‘n konklusiewe bevestiging van weerstand ontwikkeling is nie.
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