Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

FLOW EXPERIENCE IN VIDEOGAME GENRES ABSTRACT: The thesis Flow experience in videogame genres focuses on the critical dialogue with Csikszentmihalyi's concept of the flow phenomenon. The flow is a standard term for the optimal mental state during playing videogames. The author of this text discusses the original conception of flow as a universal state in all types of activities. He acknowledges a high probability of various ways of experiencing that occurs in relation to different genres and types of activities. With help of qualitative research inspired by the narrative methodology based on eight interviews with videogame journalists, he aims to present a revised dimensional model of flow experience. This thesis indicates three basic types of flow - climax, ilinx and ludic trance - that can be examined on the basis of the ten dimensions of flow (interactivity, intentionality, challenge, exploration, time urgency of executive operations, attention, level of consciousness, experience of power, source of stimul ation and value). The author opines that the revised model of flow is the first step towards a deeper understanding of the diversity of involvement in videogaming which can serve a further research of the optimal experience and categorization of playing styles corresponding with these three different...

Trailers har använts för att förmedla filmer och spels budskap i snart ett århundrade. Denna studies syfte är att undersöka hur genre, upplevelse av spelmoment och känsla förändras mellan tre olika versioner av samma trailer. De två första versionerna innehåller symfonisk respektive elektronisk instrumentation och den tredje versionen endast ljudeffekter.En kvalitativ metod i form av semistrukturerade intervjuer användes för att ta fram deltagarnas svar och 12 personer i åldrarna 18 – 30 år deltog i studien. Fyra för varje version av trailer. Deltagarna fick först besvara en mindre enkät med grundläggande information. De fick sedan se en version av trailern och till sist delta i en intervju kring hur de upplevde genre, spelmoment och känsla.Undersökningen visade att instrumentationen och frånvaron av musik påverkade deltagarnas svar. Framtida forskning och vidare arbete är nödvändigt för att ta fram ett resultat med högre validitet.

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Student Number : 0420532W - MA research report - School of Literature and Language Studies - Faculty of Humanities / In this Theoretical Introduction the reasons for the choice of the historical fiction genre for the creative component of this Research Report will become clear in relation to other notable examples of the genre, indeed the academic essay will revolve around primary concerns with regard to the narrative of historical fiction and the debates around the representation that the work engages. In the postscript to the academic essay the possible destination for publication will be considered, as well as a summation of the writing and revision process, and a rumination of the projected readership or audience. As the creative component will be submitted in partial form, the postscript to the theoretical introduction will extrapolate the rest of the project, so as to provide some sense of the intended eventual work. Finally a special thanks to Ashleigh Harris, whose untiring help and encouragement is deeply appreciated; and to my husband, Norman, whose concern and enormous patience has sustained this endeavour.

Thesis advisor: Lad Tobin / This study examines the emergence of place blogging as an online genre designed to foster a deeper sense of place and to share local knowledge. Focusing on a period between 2003 and 2006, it spotlights a transitional moment in web culture when the relationship between online life and offline life is undergoing an important shift. The bloggers highlighted in this study offer a ground-level view of how ordinary writers and readers participate in the transition to what Eric Gordon calls "network locality," a condition in which the experience of place is increasingly mediated by networked technologies. Because networked life creates an information-saturated environment in which place must compete with everything else for an increasingly scarce resource--human attention--place bloggers redefine blogging as a way to more deliberately and regularly invest attention in place. To do so, they remediate older genres to create a blogging style that differs from the political and technology blogs that were popular at the time: some draw on nature writing and diary writing (essayistic place bloggers) while others tend to draw more heavily on genres of local journalism (journalistic place bloggers). A rhetorical analysis reveals how genre remediation offers place bloggers a range of strategies for managing the flow of attention between self, place, and audience as they interact around digital objects in the network. These insights offer important contributions to scholarly conversions interested in examining how online forms of rhetoric continue to evolve and how our ideas about place are adapting to life in a networked society. / Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2009. / Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences. / Discipline: English.

Metalcore är en subgenre som är ständigt ifrågasatt av många. En del metalfans ser metalcore som någoting dåligt i metalgenren och tycker att subgenren inte är metal. I denna studie undersöks hur olika gränser skapas mellan genrerna metal och metalcore, detta genom att undersöka argumenten som metalfansen har om metalcore. Argumenten analyseras med hjälp av en kvalitativ argumentationsanalys med material från internetforumet Reddit. Resultatet visar på att negativitet finns mot metalcore, genren är alldeles för simpel och alldeles för mainstream för metalfans. Metalcore-låtar är endast en omstuvning av andra metalcore-låtar enligt metalfans. Den visar också en sorts splittring av fansen där några av metalfansen tycker om äldre metalcore.

Ma thèse porte sur la métamorphose du travail à domicile en travail à distance. Au-delà du statut classique du salariat à domicile, le travail à distance s’actualise en effet désormais dans des statuts institutionnels, des lieux et des temporalités variés. En l’occurrence, l’analyse est centrée sur la comparaison de trois groupes professionnels : des graphistes freelance, des journalistes-pigistes et des secrétaires indépendantes. Partageant le fait d’exercer leur activité hors d’un collectif de travail, ces professionnels cherchent, chacun à leur manière, à construire et défendre un cadre spatio-temporel de travail singulier.L’enquête repose sur une série de 54 entretiens par récits de vie réalisés, dans leur majorité, au domicile des enquêtés. Elle se déploie sur trois niveaux qui se superposent. Dans un premier temps, il s’agit de souligner quelles sont les ressources et les stratégies dont disposent ces professionnels pour se maintenir sur le marché et dans quelle mesure le rapport de non-subordination physique à l’employeur pose la question de l’autonomie dans la réalisation du travail. Dans cette optique, mon enquête entre en écho avec les débats actuels sur cette « zone grise » (Supiot, 2000) qui se situe à la frontière entre le salariat et l’indépendance, et sur les formes d’hybridation qui en découlent. Dans le deuxième temps de cette thèse, il s’agit de définir la nature et de tracer les limites du cadre spatio-temporel dans lequel le travail à distance se déploie hors du cadre idéal-typique de l’organisation. Cette exploration des configurations du chez-soi de travail pose plus fondamentalement la question des effets que la distance produit sur l’identité même du travailleur. Le dernier temps de la démonstration s’attache ainsi à analyser le travail à distance non seulement comme une forme de travail atypique, mais comme une façon singulière de s’inscrire dans le monde social et d’articuler son engagement dans le travail au regard d’autres sphères d’engagement (familial, domestique, amical, personnel). Mon enquête montre que les registres de justification et les valeurs que mobilisent les individus pour définir une identité pour eux-mêmes et pour autrui sont socialement distribués. / This thesis focuses on the transformations of « home working » into « distance working ». Indeed, if homeworking has for a long time concerned only salaried workers, henceforth working at distance refers to different status of employment, workplaces and work schedules. My analysis relies on the comparison of three different types of professionals : freelance graphic designers, freelance journalists and self-employed secretaries. All of them work out of the institutional organization and try to define spatial and temporal limits for the process of work. The investigation analyses a compilation of 54 biographies based on interviews with workers carried out directly at their home. The demonstration is organized in three parts. First, it focuses on how professionnals manage to take a stand on the market and how it could be understood in terms of autonomy at work. My approach discusses the contemporary sociological works whose goal is to define new status of employement. It explores this « grey zone» (Supiot, 2000) between salaried and self-employed workers. The second part is about the concrete workplace at home and how workers manage to define their own framework. These different arrangements of working at home reflect the way individuals succeed in defending their own identity as professionnals. Finally I show that « distance working » is not only an atypical form of work, but a singular way to be part of the social world as well as to choose and switch between different commitments (domestic, personal, familial, etc.) This thesis shows how individuals use different registers of justifications and values in order to define their identity for themselves and for the others, and how this process is socially distributed.

A prevailing scholarly view holds that John Milton’s monism (his belief that matter and spirit are inseparable) is a reaction to seventeenth-century determinism. My thesis, however, posits that Milton’s monism in fact emerges from his exploration of literary form. Chapter one traces the classical roots of the philosophy and its compatibility with Genesis. It posits the comprehensiveness of monist philosophy and highlights the vitalist (or animate) implications of ancient monist theories for literary form. Spoken or written words, Democritus suggests, correspond to the material building blocks or “elements” of the universe: the construction of literary form is analogous to the creation of the cosmos. Indeed, Lucretius’ letter-atom analogy suggests that the process of creating literary form is essentially identical to the atomic method underlying the composition of other material forms in the universe. Greek atomist thought, the chapter proposes, finds a striking parallel in Jewish mystical beliefs about creation. It is with the letters of the divine name that the Lord was said to have created the universe. I argue that, for Milton, Aristotle is most influential in expressing a vitalist conception of literary form, for in his philosophy, soul generates voice, which manifests itself in writing. Milton acknowledges the association between words and atoms, between letters and primordial substance, and between voice, or breath, and spirit in his monist materialism; after all, in Genesis, God creates by utterance. Examining the relation of vitalism to Aristotelian poetics, I suggest the relevance of the concept to Milton’s hybrid literary forms. Then, analysing the material nature of voice in Milton’s works, I posit in chapter two that Milton’s polemical pamphlets underscore the sense of spirit in writing that we find in the poetry. That literary forms can be perceived to embody soul because they evoke voice is evident also from Milton’s Art of Logic (1672). I suggest in chapter three that Logic is saturated with materialism because the Aristotelian sources on which Milton’s Ramist logic is based express material monism. Milton’s Logic and Areopagitica (1644) provide further evidence of his thinking about the vital potential of literary form through the logical construction of texts, a continued interest, I argue, which ultimately engenders his mature monism. Milton use of dream narratives in Paradise Lost, I propose, suggests that reality varies materially by degrees. The parts that reality comprises become more distinct after the Fall, when Milton’s dream narratives, and his cosmology, changes. Before the Fall, the poet imagines that Earth orbits the sun, and that the sun orbits heaven at the centre of the cosmos, a formation, I explain, that has striking resemblance to modern knowledge of the solar system. With careful attention to the dreams of Paradise Lost, I have determined that monism, for Milton, encompasses the workings of intellect, and in the final chapter, I argue that this principle is central to understanding Paradise Regained. The Son’s method of survival in the wilderness becomes the means by which paradise (the spiritual reality) is regained. Understanding his own nature permits the Son of God physiologically to sustain himself through dreaming; the intellectual achievement alters the material nature of his body so that he is sustained by spiritual food. Monism is at the very heart of Paradise Regained. It is a monist methodology of literary form which enables the poet across his oeuvre truly to represent the nature of reality.

Estima-se que, no ano de 2025, 23% da população total dos países desenvolvidos estarão com mais de 60 anos, evidenciando-se assim o envelhecimento gradativo do contingente populacional destes países. Deste modo, é perceptível o contingente de mulheres que estarão vivenciando a fase da menopausa com seus efeitos biológicos, psicológicos e sociais. As mudanças hormonais e fisiológicas que acontecem nas mulheres durante a fase da menopausa, acompanhadas pela desvalorização estética do corpo e por toda uma sintomatologia física e psíquica, têm sido interpretadas como perda da feminilidade, sinalizando o envelhecimento inevitável e a finitude. No entanto, muitos dos desconfortos que as mulheres vivenciam nesta fase não se devem às mudanças biológicas, mas ao seu processo de socialização, caracterizando a influência de gênero. Neste contexto, este trabalho teve como objeto o estudo da influência da relação de gênero na vivência e no significado do processo da menopausa, tendo como objetivos: descrever a vivência da menopausa a partir da perspectiva de mulheres que a vivenciam e identificar as particularidades relacionadas ao gênero diretamente envolvidas na experiência da menopausa a partir da perspectiva das mulheres. Para desenvolvimento do trabalho foi utilizada abordagem qualitativa de natureza descritiva com vinte mulheres de idade entre 45 e 55 anos que apresentavam menopausa espontânea e eram clientes das Unidades Básicas de Saúde da cidade de Curitibanos-SC, no período de 1 a 15 de outubro de 2009. Para a coleta de dados foi utilizado um roteiro de entrevista semi-estruturada com uma questão norteadora: Fale-me como é para você estar vivenciando a menopausa. A interpretação e análise foram feitas através de análise de conteúdo do tipo temática descritas por Bardin. Nas narrativas, identificaram-se categorias que foram integradas em quatro temas principais: 1- Vivenciando a Menopausa, 2- Identificando Transformações no Corpo e na Vida, 3- Cuidando de Si, 4- Buscando Informações/Influências e Construindo Conhecimento. Foi possível identificar nessas categorias que as mulheres trazem o conceito de que a fase da menopausa é uma doença, e relacionam essa fase com envelhecimento e declínio físico, a qual traz grandes sofrimentos, o que demonstra a influência de gênero no vivenciar desta fase. As entrevistadas explicitaram em suas falas diversos sintomas que as incomodavam e interferiam em suas atividades diárias e na sua maneira de ser, repercutindo muitas vezes no seu comportamento familiar e profissional. O conhecimento sobre a menopausa, neste grupo de mulheres, foi construído ao longo de suas vidas e reflete as suas realidades culturais e sociais, deixando evidente a escassez de fontes de informação e os tabus relacionados com relação à fase da menopausa. Este estudo contribui com a geração de conhecimentos levando em consideração os efeitos que a influência de gênero pode ter na vivência e percepção da menopausa, desmistificando-a para que a vivência das mulheres durante esse período não seja condicionada por estereótipos e crenças relacionadas ao gênero. / They is esteem that, in the year of 2025, 23% of the total population of the developed countries will be with more than 60 years, what show the gradual aging of the population contingent of these countries. In this way, is perceivable the contingent of women who will be living deeply the phase of the menopause with its biological, psychological and social effects. The physiological and chemical changes that happen in the women during the menopauses phase, followed with the aesthetic depreciation of the body, have been interpreted as loss of the feminine characteristics, signaling the inevitable aging and the end of the life. However, many of the discomforts that the women live in this phase not must to the biological changes, but to its process of socialization, characterizing the genre influence. In this context, this work had as object the study of the influence of the relation of genre in the experience and meaning of the process of the menopause, having as objective: describes the experience of the menopause on the perspective of women and to identify the particularitities involved to the genre in the experience of the menopause on the perspective of the women. For development of the work, was done one research descriptive-qualitative with customers of the Basic Units of Health of the city of Curitibanos-SC, in the period of 1 to 15 of October of 2009. For the collect of data, one structured interview was used with an orienting question: It speaks to me, as are for you to be living the menopause. The interviews were done with 20 women, with ages between 45 and 55 years and that had presented spontaneous menopause. The interpretation and analysis was done by analysis of content of the thematic type described by Bardin. In the narratives, was done the identification of categories that was integrated in four main subjects: Living on the Menopause, Identifying Transformations in the Woman Body and in the Life, Cares Myself, Research Information/Influences and Building Knowledge. Was possible identify in these categories that the women bring the idea that the menopause phase is an illness, and relate this phase with aging and physical decline, which brings great sufferings, what it demonstrates to the influence of genre in this phase. The interviewed ones showed diverse symptoms in its words, this bother and intervene in the daily activities and its way to be, and this situation, influence many times in its familiar and professional behavior. The knowledge on the menopause, in this group of women, was constructed throughout its lives and reflects its cultural and social realities, leaving evident the scarcity of information sources and the taboos related with the subject. This work improve of knowledge in consideration the effect that the genre influence can have in the experience and perception of the menopause, demystifying the experience mode of the women during this period, not conditioning for stereotypes and beliefs related to the genre.