In this study, I will examine how child labour occurred and changed at Transjö glass factory between 1880-1930. The study is based on how family constellations, class differences amongst parents and the need affected the existence of child labour. It is the families with child labourers that will be examined to discover how child labour occurred and what might have been the reasons for it. There was a strong difference between the superior child labourers for whom the work was apprentice based and the inferior child labourers who worked to contribute to the family economy. The conclusions that have emerged are that family constellations, family needs, glass factory needs, and class difference between employees all are parts that contribute to and help explain how child labour could occur in a glass factory.

The aim of this thesis was to define and evaluate the load of sediments by exposure of mercury and lead on the upper flow of the Vltava river and in the Lipno lake. To evaluate possible influence of the glass factory in Lenora for pollution of this area by toxic metals mentioned above. The literature survey refers about problems of mercury and lead content in fresh water and reservoirs sediments, the structure of toxic heavy metals and risks of their release in the enviroment, then in chemical composition of water reservoirs. It also engages in glass manufacturing problems in the glass factory in Lenora, especially the raw materials, which where obviously used for its manufacture. Experimental part describes profile of sampling points, working methods, used chemicals and results of individual analyses. Sediments of the Lipno reservoir and the upper flow of the Vltava river aren{\crq}t seriously loaded with mercury or lead, but in the sediments below Lenora was shown multiple increase of lead and mercury content in comparison with the background. Forest soils has higher mercury content in all localities in comparison with the sediments. On the contrary, the content of EDTA-extractable lead in soils is lower. Detected isotopic ratio of lead 206/207 and 208/206 in sediments of the Vltava river below the glass factory in Lenora have different signature in comparison with the signature of sediments from the Vltava river above the glass factory. On the contrary the signature of lead in all sediments of the Lipno reservoir showed values relevant to natural background of this locality. The structure which corresponds to the lead from the glass factory was also surprisingly detected in humic horizont of the forest soils in Lenora{\crq}s surroundings. The thesis was extended with fish samples from Lipno reservoir and their liver{\crq}s load by lead and mercury content. There were determined isotop ratio (signature) of lead in the fish, the izotop ratio of lead not corresponds to the lead signature from the glass factory in Lenora.

The work is concerned with mercury appearance in forest and agricultural soils. There is description of process of specimens collection and treatment. The soil specimens were picked up in the selected habitats in South Bohemia. Among studied areas belongs: Lenora near Prachatice, Břehov near České Budějovice, Lužice near Netolice and Velký Chuchelec near Kaplice. There were collected specimens of forest soils, arable land soils, meadows and pastures. Total content of mercury in soils was determined out by the help of atomic absorbtion spectrometric method (CV-AAS) with technique generating cold vapor and gold trap preconcentration. Outcomes were compared with each other in terms of the farming way, locality and vegetation. The data were treated with statistical method ANOVA in programme STATISTICA CZ6. In forest soils there was found the most total content of mercury in the humic horizons in Lenora area on the Chlustov hill - east 0,574 {$\pm$} 0,042 mg.kg-1 dry matter. The least of all of the total content of mercury in forest soils was measured in the second mineral A2 horizon in Břehov area 0,017 {$\pm$} 0,001 mg.kg -1 dry matter. In the agricultural soils there was found the most total quantity of mercury in Lužice area in meadow soil in taking depth into 15 cm 0,088 {$\pm$} 0,007 mg.kg -1 dry matter. On the contrary for at least of total content of mercury was measured out in locality Lužice in arable land in taking depth into 40 cm 0,012 {$\pm$} 0,0001 mg.kg -1 of dry matter. Submission working hypothesis about the influence of land management have the best statistically significantly proved in locality Lužice and Velky Chuchelec. From the results is evident that the way of the use has affect on content of the total content mercury in soil. But there are some other factors which have influence on the mercury content. In the forest soils there was proved statistically relevant effect of sort and age vegetation on the mercury total contant in soils.