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Nové možnosti využití druhotných surovin na silikátové bázi v ekologických polymerních vícevrstvých podlahových systémech / New Possibilities of Utilization of Silicate Secondary Raw Materials in Multi-layer Floor SystemsNovotná, Adéla January 2015 (has links)
The theoretical part of the thesis deals with the multi-layer polymer flooring systems green products, where main focus is placed on recycled material fillers. The practical part is devoted to reference materials practical testing and also to testing of materials filled by secondary materials silicates with the conclusive tests support. The economic part should point out the advantages of the secondary raw materials use in terms of the final product lower price.
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Desenvolvimento e caracteriza??o de comp?sitos poli(tereftalato de etileno) reciclado (PET reciclado) com flocos de vidro.Moura, M?rcio Cleto Soares de 29 July 2011 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2011-07-29 / The growing concern with the solid residues management, observed in the last
decade, due to its huge amount and impact, has motivated the search for recycling
processes, where these residues can be reprocessed to generate new products,
enlarging the cycle of materials and energy which are present. Among the polymeric
residues, there is poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET). PET is used in food
packaging, preferably in the bottling of carbonated beverages. The reintegration of
post-consumer PET in half can be considered a productive action mitigation of
environmental impacts caused by these wastes and it is done through the
preparation of several different products at the origin, i.e. food packaging, with
recycling rates increasing to each year. This work focused on the development and
characterization mechanical, thermal, thermo-mechanical, dynamic mechanical
thermal and morphology of the pure recycled PET and recycled PET composites with
glass flakes in the weight fraction of 5%, 10% and 20% processed in a single screw
extruder,
using the following analytical techniques: thermogravimetry (TG), differential
scanning calorimetry (DSC), tensile, Izod impact, Rockwell hardness, Vicat softening
temperature, melt flow rate, burn rate, dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA)
and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results of thermal analysis and
mechanical properties leading to a positive evaluation, because in the thermograms
the addition of glass flakes showed increasing behavior in the initial temperatures of
thermal decomposition and melting crystalline, Furthermore was observed growing
behavior in the mechanical performance of polymer composites, whose
morphological structure was observed by SEM, verifying a good distribution of glass
flakes, showing difference orientation in the center and in the surface layer of test
body of composites with 10 and 20% of glass flakes. The results of DMTA Tg values
of the composites obtained from the peak of tan ? showed little reductions due to
poor interfacial adhesion between PET and recycled glass flakes. / A crescente preocupa??o com a gest?o de res?duos s?lidos, observada na ?ltima
d?cada, em virtude de sua enorme quantidade e impacto ambiental, tem motivado a
busca por processos de reciclagem, onde estes res?duos podem ser reprocessados
de modo a gerarem novos produtos, ampliando o ciclo dos materiais e energia neles
contidos. Dentre os res?duos polim?ricos, destaca-se o poli(tereftalato de etileno)
(PET). O PET ? utilizado em embalagens de alimentos, preferencialmente, no
envase de bebidas carbonatadas. A reintegra??o do PET p?s-consumo ao meio
produtivo pode ser considerada uma a??o mitigat?ria dos impactos ambientais
causados por estes res?duos e j? ? realizada por meio da obten??o de diversos
produtos diferentes ao da origem, ou seja, embalagens para alimento, com taxas de
reciclagem crescente a cada ano. Este trabalho focou o desenvolvimento e a
caracteriza??o mec?nica, t?rmica, termo-mec?nica, termo-din?mico-mec?nica e
morfol?gica do PET reciclado processado e dos comp?sitos de PET reciclado com
flocos de vidro na fra??o em peso de 5%, 10% e 20% processados em uma
extrusora rosca simples, utilizando as seguintes t?cnicas de an?lise:
termogravimetria (TG), calorimetria explorat?ria diferencial (DSC), tra??o uniaxial,
impacto Izod, dureza Rockwel, temperatura de amolecimento Vicat, ?ndice de fluidez,
taxa de queima, an?lise termo-din?mico-mec?nica (DMTA) e microscopia eletr?nica
de varredura (MEV). Os resultados das an?lises t?rmicas e das propriedades
mec?nicas conduziram a uma avalia??o positiva, pois nos termogramas as adi??es
dos flocos de vidro mostraram comportamento crescente nas temperaturas inicial de
decomposi??o t?rmica e de fus?o cristalina, al?m disso, observou-se
comportamento crescente no desempenho mec?nico dos comp?sitos polim?ricos,
cuja estrutura morfol?gica foi observada por MEV, verificando uma boa distribui??o
dos flocos de vidro, apresentando diferen?a na orienta??o no centro e na camada
superficial do corpo de prova dos comp?sitos com 10 e 20% de flocos de vidro. Nos
resultados de DMTA os valores de Tg dos comp?sitos obtidos a partir do pico de tan
?, apresentaram pequenas redu??es, devido a pobre ades?o interfacial entre o PET
reciclado e os flocos de vidro.
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