SANTANA, M. W. de P. Prospecção de áreas propícias para o cultivo de macroalgas na região da costa negra, Ceará, Brasil. 83 f. Tese (Doutorado em Ciências Marinhas Tropicais) - Instituto de Ciências do Mar, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, 2017. / Submitted by Geovane Uchoa (geovane@ufc.br) on 2017-11-07T13:18:26Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2017_tese_mwpsantana.pdf: 7732583 bytes, checksum: 3f9f708fe1fbdd771c41dfd4ac02ff1a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Nadsa Cid (nadsa@ufc.br) on 2017-11-07T18:17:28Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2017_tese_mwpsantana.pdf: 7732583 bytes, checksum: 3f9f708fe1fbdd771c41dfd4ac02ff1a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-11-07T18:17:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2017_tese_mwpsantana.pdf: 7732583 bytes, checksum: 3f9f708fe1fbdd771c41dfd4ac02ff1a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017 / The aims of this thesis was to verify the potentiality and to prospect of suitable areas for the farm of the seaweed Gracilaria birdiae in the region of Costa Negra, west coast of the state of Ceará, Brazil. Experimental cultures were carried out in long line systems in two beaches of the region, namely Lagoa da Volta and Volta do Rio, where the performance indicators were followed: weight gain (g), biomass gain (kg) and Specific growth (% of weight.day-1). During the growing experiment from, June 9th to July 24 2016 (45 days), the following indicators were monitored: turbidity (FNU), total dissolved solids (mg.L-1), electrical conductivity (mS.cm-1), pH, water temperature (°C), salinity, Secchi transparency (cm), rate of oxygen saturation (%) and dissolved oxygen concentration (mg.L-1), current velocity (m.s-1) and wind velocity (m.s-1). Using the last six environmental indicators, the novel Aptitude to Algiculture Index (IAA) was proposed, which used a scale of aptitude to algiculture divided into five levels according to the score obtained: Low Apt (0 - 32), Apt (33-66) and High Apt (67-100). From the IAA method, an application for mobile devices was developed in order to be used with a tool to aid in the exploration of the algiculture areas in the region studied. As a result of the experimental farms, as well as the IAA results, it was observed that the Beach of Lagoa da Volta provided better conditions for macroalgae farm, and the results of performance were about 2.5 times better in relation to Beach of Volta do Rio were classified as Low Apt according to the IAA classification, however, the values obtained in the first one were higher than in the latter, corroborating with the results of the experimental cultures. The results of the prospection of new areas for agriculture with the use of the IAA application, presented the following results according to the proposed aptitude scale: Beach of Barrinha was classified as Very Apt (72.46 points); Beach of the Patos (53,06 points), Beach of Almofala (50,95 points), Beach of the Island of the Coqueiros (44,22 points), Beach of Arpoeiras (42,72 points) 59 points), Beach of Torrões (38.23 points), Beach of Preá (36.21 points) and Beach of Espraiado (34.93 points) classified as Apt and Beach of Imburanas (29.93 points) classified as Little Apt. In conclusion, we can say that it is possible to cultivate macroalgae in the studied region, the IAA proved to be effective in your evaluation, pointing to the area with the highest potential, the same one that obtained the best farm result. The IAA application proved to be a useful tool in the exploration of new areas for algicutura, informing level of aptitude on site. The prospection on the 10 beaches visited in the region of Costa Negra, besides the two that were studied, pointed out that Beach of Barrinha is the one with the greatest aptitude for algiculture. Further studies are recommended to confirm the effectiveness of the IAA, as well as improvements to the applicative. / O objetivo do estudo realizado nesta tese foi verificar a potencialidade e realizar a prospecção de áreas propícias para o cultivo da macroalga Gracilaria birdiae na região da Costa Negra, litoral oeste do estado do Ceará, Brasil. Foram realizados cultivos experimentais em sistemas de long line em duas praias da região, a saber, Lagoa da Volta e Volta do Rio, onde foram acompanhados os indicadores de desempenho: ganho de peso (g), ganho de biomassa (kg) e taxa de crescimento relativo (% do peso.dia-1). Durante o período de cultivo, de 09 de junho a 24 de julho de 2016 (45 dias), foram monitorados os seguintes indicadores: turbidez (FNU), sólidos totais dissolvidos (mg.L-1), condutividade elétrica (mS.cm-1), saturação de oxigênio (%) e concentração de oxigênio dissolvido (mg.L-1), pH, temperatura da água (°C), salinidade, transparência de Secchi (cm), velocidade de corrente (m.s-1) e a velocidade do vento (m.s-1). Utilizando estes seis últimos indicadores ambientais foi proposto o inédito índice de Aptidão à Algicultura (IAA) o qual utilizou uma escala de aptidão à algicultura dividida em cinco níveis conforme a pontuação obtida: Pouco Apto (0 – 32), Apto (33 – 66) e Muito Apto (67 – 100). A partir do método do IAA foi desenvolvido um aplicativo também inédito para dispositivos móveis no intuito de ser usado com uma ferramenta para auxiliar na prospecção das áreas aptas à algicultura na região estudada. Como resultado dos cultivos experimentais, assim como pelo resultado do IAA, foi verificado que a Praia da Lagoa da Volta proporcionou melhores condições para o cultivo das macroalgas, sendo os resultados de desempenho cerca de 2,5 vezes melhores nesta Praia, em relação a Praia da Volta do Rio. Ambas foram classificadas como "Aptas" conforme a classificação do IAA, no entanto, os valores obtidos na primeira foram maiores que nesta última, corroborando com os resultados dos cultivos experimentais. O resultado da prospecção de novas áreas para algicultura com o uso do aplicativo do IAA, apresentou os seguintes resultados conforme a escala de aptidão proposta: Praia da Barrinha foi classificada como Muito Apta (72,46 pontos); Praia dos Patos (53,06 pontos), Praia de Almofala (50,95 pontos), Praia da Ilha dos Coqueiros (44,22 pontos), Praia de Arpoeiras (42,72 pontos), Praia de Porto dos Barcos (38,59 pontos), Praia de Torrões (38,23 pontos), Praia do Preá (36,21 pontos) e a Praia do Espraiado (34,93 pontos) classificadas como Aptas e a Praia de Imburanas (29,93 pontos) classificada como Pouco Apta. Concluiu-se que é possível realizar o cultivo de macroalgas na região estudada, e que o IAA mostrou-se eficaz na avaliação apontando a área como de maior potencial a mesma que obteve melhor resultado de cultivo. O aplicativo do IAA foi considerado uma ferramenta útil na prospecção de novas áreas para algicultura, informando a aptidão ainda in loco. A prospecção realizada nas 10 praias visitadas na região da Costa Negra, além das duas onde foram realizados os cultivos, apontaram que a Praia da Barrinha é a que apresenta a maior aptidão para algicultura. Recomendam-se mais estudos para confirmar a eficácia do IAA, assim como algumas melhorias do aplicativo.

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de ciências Biológica, Programa de Pós-graduação em em Biologia de Fungos, Algas e Plantas, Florianópolis, 2013. / Made available in DSpace on 2013-12-06T00:34:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2013

Tesis para optar al Título Profesional de Ingeniero Agrónomo y al Grado de Magister en Ciencias Agropecuarias, Mención Producción Agroindustrial / La incorporación de nuevos ingredientes a la industria agroalimentaria da posibilidades de crear productos novedosos y atractivos para los consumidores, además de otorgar características beneficiosas al producto, minimizar el contenido de nutrientes críticos e incorporar compuestos bioactivos beneficiosos para la salud; dentro de un contexto de altos índices de sobrepeso y obesidad, que afecta a toda la población, incluida la infantil. El alga marina pelillo (Gracilaria chilensis) es un potencial ingrediente para incorporar en alimentos. En primera instancia, se compararon las características químicas y microbiológicas del pelillo crudo y cocido con vapor; luego se evaluaron sus características tecnológicas para estimar su comportamiento en la elaboración de alimentos. El pelillo cocido se caracteriza por su alto contenido de fibra dietética y polifenoles en comparación al pelillo sin cocción. El pelillo cocido presenta propiedades tecnológicas adecuadas para incorporarlo en alimentos. Posteriormente, se evaluó la incorporación de pelillo en una hamburguesa. La incorporación de pelillo como ingrediente en la hamburguesa aumentó el contenido de proteínas, de fibra dietética y de polifenoles; al mismo tiempo disminuyó el contenido de materia grasa y mejoró el perfil lipídico, al aumentar el contenido de ácidos grasos monoinsaturados, en comparación con una hamburguesa control. Sumado a lo anterior, la hamburguesa con pelillo presenta una mejor estabilidad durante el almacenamiento que el control, ya que su oxidación lipídica fue más tardía y necesita mayor energía de activación para la reacción de rancidez. En cuanto a sus características sensoriales, el tratamiento en cuestión fue aceptable para los evaluadores. El pelillo se presenta como un buen ingrediente para nuevos productos alimenticios, y al incorporarlo en hamburguesas se logra un alimento más saludable.

Tesis para optar al Título Profesional de Ingeniero Agrónomo y al Grado de Magíster en Ciencias Agropecuarias, Mención Producción Agroindustrial / Es conocido el aporte nutricional que pueden otorgar las algas marinas a nivel global, pero a nivel local poco se sabe acerca de éstas. Para conocer las propiedades nutricionales y saludables del pelillo, como potencial ingrediente alimenticio, se determinó la composición química en pelillo crudo y cocido con vapor; además de conocer su contenido de antioxidantes. También se analizó microbiológicamente para tener en consideración al momento de ser utilizada dentro de un alimento. El pelillo cocido con vapor, obtuvo mayor contenido de humedad, cenizas, lípidos y mejor calidad microbiológica que el pelillo crudo, pero una menor capacidad antioxidante. La fibra dietética total aumentó durante la cocción, al igual que el contenido de polifenoles. A pesar de tener un bajo contenido de materia grasa, ésta es rica en ácidos insaturados, principalmente oleico. El pelillo cocido con vapor se presenta como un buen ingrediente para la formulación alimentos más saludables. / The nutritional content that the seaweed can give is well-known globally, but locally it is almost unknown. In order to discover the alimentary potential of this seaweed to complement nutritionally the human feed, the cooking effect of the smashed ogo-nori, comparing chemically the seaweed steam cooked and raw; also knowing its antioxidants content. It was also analyzed microbiologically for having under consideration when it is going to be used into a food. The steamed ogo-nori got a higher wetting, ashes, lipids and a better microbiological quality than the raw ogo-nori, but a lower antioxidant capacity. The total amount of dietary fiber rose during de cooking, so as the polyphenols content. Although having a low fat content is rich in unsaturated, predominantly oleic acid. The steamed ogo-nori is introduced as a good ingredient for the creation and improves of food to incorporate into the diet.

Rising temperature caused by global warming alters physiology, phenology and/or distribution in a wide array of plant and animal species, which has dramatic knock-on effects at different levels of organisation. This study investigates the individual and interactive effects of temperature (18ᵒC, 22ᵒC and 30ᵒC) and additions of the macroalga Gracilaria gracilis (high and low) on the performance of the seagrass Zostera capensis, which occurs in Langebaan Lagoon, South Africa over a seven-week period. Results from the laboratory experiment revealed that G. gracilis did not significantly affect the performance of Z. capensis although temperature did result in greater leaf width, fouling and senescent biomass, as well as marginally greater leaf area and lower below-ground biomass at 30ᵒC. Increasing temperature also increased G. gracilis biomass, percent cover and fouling by microalgae. In addition, there was no interaction between temperature and the additions of Gracilaria. The overall findings of this study indicate that Z. capensis abundance is likely to decrease while G. gracilis will conversely increase in abundance in response to warming. Changes in abundance of those two ecosystem engineers highlight the possibility of a phase shift from a seagrass- to macroalgal-dominated state in Langebaan Lagoon.

To gain an understanding of the ecology of drift algae in the Indian River Lagoon system along the east coast of central Florida, four questions were addressed: 1) What is the composition and rate of accumulation of drift? 2) How much movement and turnover occurs within drift accumulations? 3) Do growth rates differ for drift versus attached algae? 4) Is there a difference in photosynthetic performance in drift versus attached algal species? Manipulative field and laboratory experiments were conducted to address these questions with the green macroalga Codium decorticatum and the red macroalga Gracilaria tikvahiae. Changes in pigment concentration and biomass were used as indicators of acclimation from an attached to drift state in Gracilaria tikvahiae and Codium decorticatum. Short-term physiological changes as demonstrated by electron transport rate (ETR) were also used as indications of acclimation from an attached to drift state in C. decorticatum. Composition and rate of accumulation of drift varied by season. While both transport and turnover of drift occurred, turnover within drift accumulations occurred at low rates and was significantly lower in the spring during decreased flow rates. There were no significant differences in growth or pigment concentrations in drift versus attached G. tikvahiae or C. decorticatum. In addition, there were no apparent physiological acclimations to a drift state in C. decorticatum.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:01:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AlexandraRSF.pdf: 554056 bytes, checksum: fdede8a12e56bfeb141534a40ac27701 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-12-03 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / The integrated culture of seaweed and aquatic animals is an ancient practice in Asian countries. The expansion of this practice to western countries is consequence of the recognition of this system as a sustainable alternative that allows economical diversification and mitigation of environmental impacts generated by effluents of aquaculture. This study evaluated the growth of the seaweed Gracilaria caudata and of the shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei in monoculture (shrimps) and integrated culture (shrimps and algae) systems, and accessed the effect of the seaweed in the water quality. There were two treatments in the experiment: monoculture (shrimps) and integrated culture (shrimps/ algae). The organisms were cultured in 6 aquaria (10L) filled with seawater (35.0?0.0 PSU and 28.1?0.4?C) for 28 days. The nutrients of water (PO43-, NH4+, NO2-, NO3- and DIN), the biomass and the relative growth rate (RGR, % day-1) of seaweed and shrimps were measured weekly. The parameters pH, temperature, salinity and dissolved oxygen were measured daily. The concentration of NH4+ in integrated culture (62.8?25.2?M) was lower (Mann-Whitney p<0.001) than in monoculture (85.6?24.3?M). The mean of PO4- in monoculture (10.4?4.6?M) was markedly higher (Mann-Whitney; p=0.024) than that in integrated culture (8.7?4.1?M). The level of dissolved oxygen in integrated culture (6.0?0.6mg/L) was higher (t-Student; P=0.014) than that in shrimp monoculture (5.8?0.6mg/L). The mean values of the parameters pH, NO2-, NO3- and DIN were 7.5?0.2, 10.1?12.2?M, 24.5?3.2?M and 120.17?30.76?M in monoculture, and 7.5?0.2, 10.5?13.2?M, 27.4?3.5?M and 100.76?49.59?M in integrated culture. There were not differences in these parameters between treatments. The biomass and RGR of seaweed reached 15.0?1.9g and 7.4?2.8% day-1 at the end of the experiment. The performance of shrimp was favorable in monoculture (1.5?0.8g; 5.7?1.6% dia-1) and in integrated culture (1.5?0.7g; 5.2?1.2% dia-1), and the rate of survival was 100% in both treatments. The tolerance and favorable performance of Gracilaria caudata suggest that this seaweed might be integrated into shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) culture systems / O uso de macroalgas em cultivo integrado com animais ? uma pr?tica antiga em pa?ses asi?ticos. A expans?o desta pr?tica em pa?ses ocidentais ? conseq??ncia do reconhecimento desse sistema como uma alternativa que possibilita a diversifica??o econ?mica e a mitiga??o dos impactos gerados pelos efluentes da aq?icultura. Este estudo avaliou o crescimento da macroalga Gracilaria caudata e do camar?o Litopenaeus vannamei em monocultivo (camar?o) e em cultivo integrado, observando o efeito das algas na qualidade da ?gua. O experimento foi constitu?do por dois tratamentos (triplicata), realizados em aqu?rios de vidro contendo ?gua do mar (35,0?0,0 PSU e 28,1?0,4?C) durante 28 dias: monocultivo (camar?es) e cultivo integrado (camar?es/algas). Os nutrientes da ?gua, a biomassa e as taxas de crescimento relativo (TCR,%dia-1) das duas esp?cies foram determinadas semanalmente. Os par?metros f?sico-qu?micos da ?gua (pH, temperatura, salinidade e oxig?nio dissolvido) foram monitorados diariamente. Os n?veis do ?on am?nio foram significativamente menores (Mann-Whitney p<0,001) no cultivo integrado (62,8?25,2?M) do que no monocultivo (85,6?24,3?M). Este mesmo modelo foi observado para o ortofosfato, cujas m?dias foram 10,4?4,6?M no monocultivo e 8,7?4,1?M no cultivo integrado (Mann-Whitney; p=0,024). O oxig?nio dissolvido no cultivo integrado (6,0?0,6mg/L) foi maior (t-Student; P=0,014) que no monocultivo (5,8?0,6mg/L). Os par?metros pH, nitrito, nitrato e nitrog?nio inorg?nico dissolvido n?o apresentaram diferen?a entre os tratamentos, cujas m?dias foram 7,5?0,2, 10,1?12,2?M, 24,5?3,2?M e 120,17?30,76?M no monocultivo e 7,5?0,2, 10,5?13,2?M, 27,4?3,5?M e 100,76?49,59?M no integrado. A alga apresentou aumento significativo de biomassa (15,0?1,9g) e de TCR (7,4?2,8% dia-1). Os camar?es mostraram bom desempenho no monocultivo (1,5?0,8g; 5,7?1,6% dia-1) e no integrado (1,5?0,7g; 5,2?1,2% dia-1) e 100% de sobreviv?ncia, n?o havendo diferen?a entre ambos (t-student; p>0,05). A toler?ncia e o bom desempenho de Gracilaria caudata em ambientes eutr?ficos sugerem que essa alga pode ser integrada em sistemas de cultivo de camar?es (Litopenaeus vannamei)

Trois modèles invasifs à large répartition en Europe, le long d'un gradient latitudinal Norvège-Portugal, ont été choisis : Sargassum muticum, Codium fragile et Gracilaria vermiculophylla. Cette thèse a pour objectif l'étude de la phénologie, de l'écophysiologie et du métabolome de ces macrophytes invasifs face à une variation de facteurs environnementaux 1) à une échelle locale, 2) à l'échelle du gradient latitudinal (en lien avec le changement climatique global) ainsi que l'étude 3) des voies de valorisation possibles des métabolites de stress par bio-inspiration. Le gradient latitudinal, se traduisant par un gradient thermique, permet de mimer le réchauffement climatique car les conséquences de ce changement climatique sur les espèces en milieu naturel ne sont généralement appréciables qu'à l'échelle de dizaines d'années. Les suivis de l'écologie, dumétabolome ainsi que des impacts potentiels de ces espèces à une échelle locale en France, a permis d'étudier le développement et le cycle de vie des espèces. En particulier, G. vermiculophylla se caractérise par une phénologie spécifique (avec la prépondérance de petits fragments végétatifs, <3cm) en Rade de Brest et par une tolérance accrue à l'envasement jusqu'à 12 cm de profondeur en acclimatant son métabolome tout en maintenant une physiologie dormante. Cette espèce ingénieur impacte en profondeur l'écosystème vaseux de la Rade. Le suivi le long du gradient latitudinal a permis d'illustrer la plasticité phénologique des espèces et notamment un potentiel invasif contrasté de C. fragile entre les différentes latitudes. Lors de marée basse de vives eaux, les espèces présentent une acclimatation de leur photo-physiologie en fonction de la latitude avec la mise en évidence d'une photoinhibition du PSll, lié au stress engendré par les conditions environnementales.Enfin, ce travail a illustré les propriétés multifonctionnelles d'extraits enrichis en composés phénoliques, présentant des activités antioxydantes mais également photoprotectrices ou ostéogéniques, soulignant l'émergence de voies de valorisation originales par bio-inspiration pour divers secteurs tels que la cosmétologie et les biomatériaux en santé humaine. / Three model species with a large distribution along European coasts, along a latitudinal gradient from Norway to Portugal was chosen: Sargassum muticum, Codium fragile and Gracilaria vermiculophylla. The aims of this PhD thesis were to study the phenology, ecophysiology and the metabolom of these non-native marine macrophytes and their ability to cope with a variation of environmental factors 1) at a population scale, 2) along the latitudinal gradient (in relation with the global climatic change) and to propose 3) bio-inspired molecules for industrial purposes. The latitudinal gradient corresponding to a thermic gradient, allows to imitate the global warming as climatic change ¡mpacts are most of the time only visible at decennial scale.Monitorings of ecology, metabolome and potential impacts of these macroalgae, at a population scale, allowed to study the development and life cycle of these models. In particular, G. vermiculophylla exhibited a specific phenology (with a majority of small vegetative fragments, <3cm) in the Bay of Brest and a highly tolerance to burial until 12 cm depth in the sediment by acclimatizing its metabolome together with the ability to maintain a dormancy physiology. This engineer species modifies deeply muddy shores of this Bay. Latitunal gradients's monitoring highlighted the phenological plasticity and a contrasted invasive potential of C.fragile between latitudes. During low spring tides, species exhibited an acclimation of their photophysiology between latitudes with photoinhibition process related to induce environmental stress. Furthermore, this work showed the multifunctional properties of polyphenols enriched extracts with antioxidant, photoprotective or osteogenic activities, highlighting the emergence of original bio-inspired pathways for cosmetic or biomaterial applications.

Submitted by (edna.saturno@ufrpe.br) on 2017-02-22T13:46:48Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tereza Cristina Paiva dos Santos.pdf: 917048 bytes, checksum: 524bf85d8e8ff4c8c945badbe9d99945 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-22T13:46:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tereza Cristina Paiva dos Santos.pdf: 917048 bytes, checksum: 524bf85d8e8ff4c8c945badbe9d99945 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-08-03 / The efficiency of an integrated system, using processes of filtration for bivalves and absorption for macroseaweed, to improve the quality of the water of shrimp fisheries, was evaluated through the analysis of chemical, physical and biological variable. The effluent ones in question had been resultant of the mixture of heterotrophic culture of Litopenaeus vannamei, and Farfantepenaeus subtillis. . The native species Anomalocardia brasiliana (bivalve) and the macroseaweed Gracilaria sp. they had been selected had its potential it aquaculture to be found north-eastern of Brazil. This experiment was make in two phases of 48h with two treatments. In the first phase, the first treatment (control), only with aeration and as, added Anomalocardia brasiliana (5 ind//L) with aeration. Already for the second phase the control remained alone with aeration and in the other treatment the Anomalocardia brasiliana and substituted by the macroseaweed Gracilaria sp. was removed (1g/L). The experimental drawing for both phases contemplated six experimental units (tanks), belonging three to control and three to the treatment in the first phase with A. brasiliana and in the second phase with the macroseaweed Gracilaria sp. Water collect had been carried through in the initial schedule and after six in six hours. The concentrations of clorophyll-a, pheophytin, total phosphorus total phosphate, inorgânic phosphate total ammonium, nitrate, nitrite, alkalinity, temperature, dissolved oxygen, salinity turbidez and pH analyzed shown that the two organisms biological filters had significantly reduced the concentration of variables pollutants in the effluent. However it was observed that in the treatment it has controlled almost had a reduction to zero of nitrite concentration and a gradual increase of nitrate. And that, in the first phase in the treatment with shellfish, about 40% of A.brasiliana was removed deceased after the 48 hours of the experiment. Other studies must be facts, leading in account this reduction of the nitrite in the effluent one only with aeration in this space of time, and propitious a habitat more similar to the one of the nature to the A.brasiliana. / A eficiência de um sistema integrado, utilizando-se processos de filtração por bivalves e absorção por macroalgas, para melhorar a qualidade da água de viveiros de camarão, foi avaliada através da análise de variáveis químicas, físicas e biológicas . Os efluentes em questão foram resultantes da mistura de cultivos heterotróficos de Litopenaeus vannamei, e Farfantepenaeus subtillis. A Espécie nativa Anomalocardia brasiliana (bivalve) e a macroalga Gracilaria sp. foram selecionadas devido a seu potencial para a aqüicultura ser encontrado no Nordeste do Brasil. Este experimento se deu em duas fases de 48 h com dois tratamentos. Na primeira fase do experimento, o primeiro tratamento (controle), só com aeração e o segundo, adicionado Anomalocardia brasiliana (5 ind//L) com aeração. Já para a segunda fase o controle permaneceu só com aeração e no outro tratamento foi retirada a Anomalocardia brasiliana e substituída pela macroalga Gracilaria sp. (1g/L). O desenho experimental para ambas as fases contemplou seis unidades experimentais (tanques), pertencendo três ao controle e três ao tratamento na primeira fase com A. brasiliana e na segunda fase com a macroalga Gracilaria sp. Foram realizadas coletas de água no horário inicial e depois de seis em seis horas. As concentrações de clorofila-a, feofitina, fósforo total, fosfato total, fosfato inorgânico, amônia total, nitrato, nitrito, alcalinidade, temperatura, oxigênio dissolvido, salinidade turbidez e pH analisadas mostram que os dois organismos filtradores biológicos reduziram significativamente a concentração de variáveis poluentes no efluente. Entretanto foi observado que no tratamento controle houve uma redução a quase zero a concentração do nitrito e um aumento gradativo a nitrato. E que, na primeira fase no tratamento com marisco, cerca de 40% da A.brasiliana foi retirada morta após as 48 horas do experimento. Outros estudos devem ser feitos, levando em conta essa redução do nitrito no efluente só com aeração nesse espaço de tempo, e propiciar um habitat mais parecido com a da natureza à Anomalocardia brasiliana.

Submitted by (edna.saturno@ufrpe.br) on 2017-02-13T15:33:54Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Iru Menezes Guimaraes.pdf: 893680 bytes, checksum: 70d5ef058a5e3b09b93fdb27d79a586a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-13T15:33:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Iru Menezes Guimaraes.pdf: 893680 bytes, checksum: 70d5ef058a5e3b09b93fdb27d79a586a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-04-01 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The efficiency of an integrated treatment system to improve the water quality from shrimp pond was assessed laboratory-scale by using sedimentation, oyster filtration and macroalgal absorption (trial 1), and the evaluation of oysters and macroalgae densities in effluent treatment of autotrophic and heterotrophic shrimp culture systems (trial 2). Native species of oyster (Crassostrea rhizophorae) and macroalgae (Gracilaria sp.) were selected due to their local availability and aquaculture potential in northeastern Brazil. In trial 1, the effluent water was left to settle for 24 h without aeration (first phase) and in the next two phases (oyster and macroalgae) the effluent water was drained into experimental units (and control) for 24h each with aeration. In trial 2, three densities of oyster (0.2, 0.4 and 0.8 oyster.L-1) and macroalgae (2.0, 4.0 and 8.0 g.L-1) were assessed during 48 h to treat effluent water (24 h for each phase). Chemical and physical variables were measured during experiments periods (0 to 72 h for trial 1 and 0 to 48 h for tria 2). Variations in the concentration of chlorophyll a, pheophytin, total phosphorus, total phosphate, orthophosphate, total ammonia, nitrate, nitrite, total suspended solids, organic suspended solids and inorganic suspended solids showed that the two biological filters reduced significantly the concentration of the different pollutants in the shrimp effluent, however oyster and macroalgae densities should be more studied. / A eficiência de um sistema de tratamento integrado para melhorar a qualidade da água de viveiros de camarão foi avaliada utilizando-se processos sedimentação, filtração por ostras e absorção por macroalgas, assim como também foram avaliadas diferentes densidades de ostra e macroalga no tratamento de efluentes de sistemas autotrófico e heterotrófico de cultivo de camarão. Espécie nativa de ostra (Crassostrea rhizophorae) e macroalga (Gracilaria sp.) foram selecionadas devido a disponibilidade local e potencial para a aqüicultura no Nordeste do Brasil. A água do efluente decantou por 24 h sem aeração (primeira fase) e nas duas seguintes fases (ostra e macroalga) o efluente foi transferido para as unidades experimentais, permanecendo por 24 h em cada fase com aeração. Também foram avaliadas três densidades de ostra (0,2, 0,4 e 0,8 ostra.L-1) e macroalga (2,0, 4,0 e 8,0 g.L-1) no tratamento do efluente durante 48 h (24 h em cada fase). Variáveis químicas e físicas foram analisadas durante o período dos experimentos, 0 a 72 h no primeiro e 0 a 48 h no segundo. Variações nas concentrações de clorofila-a, feofitina, fósforo total, fosfato total, ortofosfato, amônia total, nitrato, nitrito, sólidos suspensos totais, sólidos suspensos orgânicos e sólidos suspensos inorgânicos mostraram que os dois organismos filtradores reduziram significativamente a concentração de diferentes poluentes no efluente de cultivo de camarão, entretanto as densidades de ostra e macroalga devem ser mais estudas.