Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:28:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2012-11-29Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:37:36Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 braga_gw_me_guara.pdf: 3089752 bytes, checksum: 837118811a801f0f57c8d0d5994cdd4c (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / No desempenho de suas atividades aéreas, os pilotos de helicópteros são submetidos a posturas que impõem tensões contínuas em determinados grupos musculares, ao mesmo tempo em que deixam outras musculaturas em desuso. Diante disso, observam-se inúmeros casos de lombalgia que acometem pilotos de helicópteros Esquilo, principalmente nas Forças Armadas, sendo prováveis causas a ergonomia do assento e a vibração que o corpo sofre. Diante de tal fato, este estudo teve os seguintes objetivos: (1) mensurar os níveis de aceleração (vibração), na direção longitudinal (eixo z) da coluna lombar a que os pilotos de helicópteros As-350 L1 Esquilo estão expostos durante o voo; (2) verificar a atividade muscular dos eretores da espinha dos pilotos de helicópteros As-350 L1 Esquilo, com um aparelho de eletromiografia, durante a exposição à vibração em voo; (3) analisar os dados dos pilotos, da aceleração, os sinais de eletromiografia dos músculos eretores da espinha e a sua correlação. A fim de atingir esses objetivos, foram distribuídos 60 questionários para os pilotos de Esquilo do Complexo de Aviação do Exército em Taubaté-SP. Posteriormente, foram selecionados dois pilotos do sexo masculino, de estatura média e acima da média, na faixa etária de 30 a 35 anos de idade, com mais de 300 horas de voo e com classificações morfológicas corporais diferentes, de acordo com a tabela IMC. Após a coleta dos dados, os resultados foram analisados através da norma ISO 2631: 1997 e tratados estatisticamente. No estudo, observou-se que esses pilotos estão expostos a uma vibração de corpo inteiro que requer cautela em relação ao risco à saúde, pois os valores de aceleração encontrados no estudo encontraram-se compreendidos na... / The helicopter pilot’s posture while operating an aircraft can cause continuing strain on certain muscle groups while leaving others unused. Many Esquilo helicopter pilots, especially in the military, are reported to suffer from low back pain, the probable causes being seat ergonomics and the effect of aircraft vibration on the body. With this in mind, this study proposed the following objectives: (1) measure the levels of acceleration (vibration) in the longitudinal direction (z axis) to which the L1-350 Esquilo pilot lumbar spine is exposed during flight, (2) check the L1-350 Esquilo pilot spinal erector muscle activity while exposed to vibration during flight, using electromyography and (3) analyze the data pertaining to the pilot and acceleration, the spinal erector muscle electromyography signals and the correlation between them. In order to achieve these goals, 60 questionnaires were distributed to Esquilo pilots from the Army Aviation Compound of Taubaté (Complexo de Aviação do Exército de Taubaté) in São Paulo. Then, two male pilots were selected, between the ages of 30 and 35, each with more than 300 flight hours, with different body morphological classifications according to the BMI table, one of average height and the other above average height. The collected data was analyzed according to ISO 2631:1997 and statistically studied. It was observed that the pilots’ whole-body vibration levels are such that caution is required to avoid health problems, especially considering those pilots who are members of the military whose exposure is higher due to the number of operational flights. The electromyogram also showed that pilot muscle activity was insignificant due to the small variation in the activity potential of the analyzed muscle. It was... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Orientador: Jose Geraldo Trani Brandão / Banca: José Elias Tomazini / Banca: Valdeci Donizete Gonçalves / Resumo: No desempenho de suas atividades aéreas, os pilotos de helicópteros são submetidos a posturas que impõem tensões contínuas em determinados grupos musculares, ao mesmo tempo em que deixam outras musculaturas em desuso. Diante disso, observam-se inúmeros casos de lombalgia que acometem pilotos de helicópteros Esquilo, principalmente nas Forças Armadas, sendo prováveis causas a ergonomia do assento e a vibração que o corpo sofre. Diante de tal fato, este estudo teve os seguintes objetivos: (1) mensurar os níveis de aceleração (vibração), na direção longitudinal (eixo z) da coluna lombar a que os pilotos de helicópteros As-350 L1 Esquilo estão expostos durante o voo; (2) verificar a atividade muscular dos eretores da espinha dos pilotos de helicópteros As-350 L1 Esquilo, com um aparelho de eletromiografia, durante a exposição à vibração em voo; (3) analisar os dados dos pilotos, da aceleração, os sinais de eletromiografia dos músculos eretores da espinha e a sua correlação. A fim de atingir esses objetivos, foram distribuídos 60 questionários para os pilotos de Esquilo do Complexo de Aviação do Exército em Taubaté-SP. Posteriormente, foram selecionados dois pilotos do sexo masculino, de estatura média e acima da média, na faixa etária de 30 a 35 anos de idade, com mais de 300 horas de voo e com classificações morfológicas corporais diferentes, de acordo com a tabela IMC. Após a coleta dos dados, os resultados foram analisados através da norma ISO 2631: 1997 e tratados estatisticamente. No estudo, observou-se que esses pilotos estão expostos a uma vibração de corpo inteiro que requer cautela em relação ao risco à saúde, pois os valores de aceleração encontrados no estudo encontraram-se compreendidos na... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The helicopter pilot's posture while operating an aircraft can cause continuing strain on certain muscle groups while leaving others unused. Many Esquilo helicopter pilots, especially in the military, are reported to suffer from low back pain, the probable causes being seat ergonomics and the effect of aircraft vibration on the body. With this in mind, this study proposed the following objectives: (1) measure the levels of acceleration (vibration) in the longitudinal direction (z axis) to which the L1-350 Esquilo pilot lumbar spine is exposed during flight, (2) check the L1-350 Esquilo pilot spinal erector muscle activity while exposed to vibration during flight, using electromyography and (3) analyze the data pertaining to the pilot and acceleration, the spinal erector muscle electromyography signals and the correlation between them. In order to achieve these goals, 60 questionnaires were distributed to Esquilo pilots from the Army Aviation Compound of Taubaté (Complexo de Aviação do Exército de Taubaté) in São Paulo. Then, two male pilots were selected, between the ages of 30 and 35, each with more than 300 flight hours, with different body morphological classifications according to the BMI table, one of average height and the other above average height. The collected data was analyzed according to ISO 2631:1997 and statistically studied. It was observed that the pilots' whole-body vibration levels are such that caution is required to avoid health problems, especially considering those pilots who are members of the military whose exposure is higher due to the number of operational flights. The electromyogram also showed that pilot muscle activity was insignificant due to the small variation in the activity potential of the analyzed muscle. It was... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

The problem of this study was to compare two methods of instruction in helicopter pilot ground training in terms of cost of training and support services and customer satisfaction upon completion of training. The purpose of the study was the evaluation of a specialized program of instruction taught on videotape by comparison with conventional instruction. The significance of the study was related to savings in costs of instruction per trainee. Research questions for the study sought significant differences between mean scores achieved by students receiving the two treatments. Data providing information on specific characteristics of the learners were gathered as a preliminary step to establish similarity of the students in the two groups compared. A table of random numbers was used to select subjects from the population of student pilots entering training for the Bell model 206B helicopter during the months of March, April and May 1981. Upon completion of the course, all students were asked to complete an evaluation opinionaire relating to satisfaction with selected aspects of the instructional program.

Tidigare forskning har visat att svenska stridspiloter har uppvisat en anmärkningsvärt hög förekomst av depressions- och ångestsymptom, vilket både riskerar att minska effektiviteten hos de svenska luftstridskrafterna och kan innebära en fara för flygsäkerheten. Detta arbete syftar till att underlätta beslutsfattandet kring problemet genom att skapa ett bättre underlag för att förstå de bakomliggande orsakerna. Studien undersöker när under karriären symptomen uppkommer samt jämför mellan olika pilotkategorier för att skapa en bättre förståelse för hur problemen uppstår och därmed vilka åtgärder som kan vidtas för att förhindra detta. En kvantitativ enkätundersökning användes för att undersöka förekomsten av depressions- och ångestsymptom bland svenska strids-, transport- och helikopterpiloter under deras första fem utbildningsår. Enkäten baserades på HADS-skalan och skickades till 158 personer, varav hälften var piloter. Resultatet av studien indikerar att den höga förekomsten av depressions- och ångestsymptom uppkommer senare i stridspilotkarriären. Stridspiloterna uppvisade dessutom en lägre förekomst av depressions- och ångestsymptom än en icke-flygande kontrollgrupp. Dessa resultat pekar i sin tur mot att miljöfaktorerna spelar en större roll än de genetiska faktorerna vid uppkomsten av symptomen. Författarens slutsats är att förekomsten av depressioner och ångestsyndrom bland stridspiloterna är påverkbar, och några lämpliga åtgärder föreslås. / Earlier research has shown that Swedish fighter pilots have displayed a remarkably high prevalence of symptoms of depression and anxiety, which could lead to a reduction in the effectiveness of the Swedish Air Force as well as compromising flight safety. The purpose of this study is to aid in the decision making process revolving this problem by providing more substantial material in order to better understand the underlying causes. The study investigates the emergence of the symptoms and compares different pilot categories with each other to create a better understanding of how these problems arise and by such deduce which measures can be taken to prevent this.   A quantitative questionnaire survey was used to investigate the prevalence of symptoms of depression and anxiety among fighter, transport and helicopter pilots during their first five years of training. The questionnaire was based on the HADS-scale and was sent to 158 persons, half of them pilots. The result of the study indicates that the high prevalence of symptoms of depression and anxiety is something that emerges later on in the fighter pilot’s career. The fighter pilots in this study displayed a lower prevalence of symptoms of depression and anxiety than a non-flying control group. These results in turn indicate that the environmental factors play a larger part than the genetic factors in the emergence of the previously mentioned symptoms. The author of this work comes to the conclusion that there is indeed a possibility of affecting the prevalence of depressions and anxiety syndromes among Swedish fighter pilots and some appropriate counter measures are proposed.