This thesis deals with industrial hemp and its use in vertical and horizontal structures. The work is mainly focused on the fillers of industrial hemp and inorganic binder. In the practical part of the feasibility study for future use of industrial hemp in the construction industry as a filling materiál in vertical and horizontal structures. This area has been targeted by all test samples. They are presented here and evaluated and compared the results of tests on unconfined compressive strength, compressive strength, depending on the deformation density of fresh and hardened mixture and the termal conductivity of different types of inorganic binders and fillers such as hemp.

Depuis des millénaires, le chanvre est cultivé pour ses fibres. Longues et résistantes, elles peuvent notamment entrer dans la composition de matériaux textiles et composites, secteurs industriels en plein essor. Cependant, leur manque d’homogénéité et la complexité de leur affinage ne leur permettent pas encore d’être compétitives face aux fibres synthétiques ou de coton. Mais des fibres de chanvre fines pourraient être produites à partir de fibres brutes en utilisant un traitement par explosion à la vapeur à bas coût, faible consommation d’énergie et avec un faible impact environnemental. Une caractérisation morphologique, chimique et mécanique des fibres a été réalisée avant et après traitement dans le but d’optimiser les paramètres de ce procédé, selon une méthodologie de plan d’expériences. Ces essais ont montré que l’explosion à la vapeur pouvait être utilisée pour produire des fibres correspondant aux critères imposés par l’industrie textile et des matériaux composites. Des éléments ont aussi été apportés sur une éventuelle industrialisation de l’explosion à la vapeur. Là encore, les résultats montrent que ce procédé pourrait être industriellement compétitif en termes de coûts, de consommation en eau et en énergie, et de rendements. Enfin, des fibres ont été produites à partir de sols pollués contenant des métaux lourds. Les teneurs en métaux dans les différentes parties de la plante et dans les fibres ont été mesurées avant et après explosion à la vapeur. Les résultats obtenus ouvrent de nouvelles perspectives quant à un usage durable de Technosols (notamment des friches industrielles) pour la production de fibres de chanvre à usage industriel / Hemp plants have been cultivated for their usable fibers for thousands of years. The fibers are long and resistant and can be utilized for creation of textile and composite materials, relevant to burgeoning industrial sectors. However, due to their lack of homogeneity and the complexity of their refining, hemp fibers are unable to compete with synthetic and cotton fibers. But fine hemp fibers could be successfully produced from technical fibers using a steam explosion treatment at a low cost, a low energy consumption and with a low environmental impact. To optimize the parameters of this process, a morphological, chemical, and mechanical characterization was performed before and after steam explosion using a design of experiments methodology. These experiments showed that this process can be used to produce hemp fibers with the standards defined by the textile and composite materials industries. Some features have also suggested some prospects in the industrialization of steam explosion for fibers production. These results showed that this process could be industrially competitive in terms of costs, water and energy consumption and yield. Finally, phytoremediation-borne hemp fibers were produced from soils contaminated with trace elements. The metals concentrations in plant components and in the fibers were measured before and after steam explosion treatment. The results offer new insights and prospects for a sustainable use of Technosols (in particular brownfield sites) by the production of hemp fibers

Les projets de construction sont aujourd'hui confrontés à des défis importants pour réduire la grande quantité d'énergie employée quotidiennement pour les utilisations tels que le chauffage, l'électricité et l'eau chaude dans les bâtiments résidentiels et commerciaux, en particulier en Europe. De nombreux règlements de construction encouragent l'utilisation des matériaux biosourcés puisqu’ils semblent avoir des propriétés physiques supérieures en terme d'efficacité énergétique dans le secteur de la construction. L'utilisation de matériaux à faible teneur en carbone dans des structures telles que le béton de chanvre améliore le niveau d'isolation ainsi que l'absorption acoustique et diminue le poids de la structure du bâtiment, car ce matériau naturel fournit un agrégat à faible densité. Cette étude concerne le comportement mécanique de murs en bois, réalisés avec des planches croisées en bois CLT et des murs à panneaux d’OSB, sous l’effet de forces horizontales de cisaillement. Une approche théorique a été proposée pour prédire la performance latérale de la paroi CLT par rapport aux charges latérales ainsi qu’une comparaison entre les résultats théoriques et expérimentaux a été effectuée. Des essais expérimentaux ont été réalisés sur des murs de bois ayant deux formes différentes pour étudier et mettre en évidence les paramètres qui affectent significativement la résistance latérale du béton de chanvre en tant que matériau de remplissage. Des montants verticaux et des éléments de contreventement diagonaux de 2,5 mètres de hauteur et 1,25 mètres de largeur soumis à une compression ont été réalisés dans cette étude . Les résultats ont montré que le béton de chanvre apporte une légère contribution contre les charges latérales dans les murs verticaux de 1,25 mètres de largeur, ce qui signifie qu'une diminution de la largeur du mur de bois diminue significativement la contribution du béton de chanvre contre les charges latérales. Trois murs en bois de différentes longueurs (1,2 mètres, 1,6 mètres et 2,4 mètres) remplis de béton de chanvre ont été étudiés numériquement dans cette étude. D'après les résultats numériques, il était évident que la largeur du mur en bois joue un rôle principal dans la résistance latérale du béton de chanvre : lorsque la largeur du mur augmente, la résistance latérale du béton de chanvre s’accroît considérablement. De plus, le contact et la liaison entre le chanvre et les montants en bois affectent totalement la capacité de la résistance latérale du béton de chanvre en tant que matériau de remplissage dans les murs en bois. / Construction projects nowadays face significant challenges to reduce the large amounts of daily energy usage for utilities such as heating, electricity and hot water in residential and commercial buildings – especially in Europe. Many building regulations encourage the use of bio-based materials with superior physical properties for energy efficiency in the construction sector. The use of low-carbon material in structures such as hemp concrete, improves the insulation level and sound absorption and simultaneously decreases the weight of the building structure, as this natural material provides low-density aggregate. This study aimed to investigate the mechanical behaviour of timber frame walls against lateral loads. Cross-laminated timber walls (CLT) and Oriented Strand Board (OSB) were used in this study in order to examine the global lateral strength of timber walls. A theoretical approach has been proposed to predict the lateral performance of CLT wall against lateral loads and a comparison between the theoretical and experimental results has been conducted. Experimental testing was undertaken on a full-size example of two different designs of timber walls to investigate and highlight the parameters that significantly affect the lateral resistance of hemp concrete as infill material. Vertical studs and diagonal bracing elements under compression were used in this study, with dimensions of 2.5m height and 1.25m length. The results showed that hemp concrete makes a slight contribution against lateral loads in vertical stud timber wall of length 1.25m, which means that decreasing the length of timber wall significantly decreased the hemp concrete contribution against lateral loads. Three timber walls with different lengths (1.2m, 1.6m and 2.4m) filled with hemp concrete have been examined numerically in this study. Based on the numerical results, it was obvious that the length of the timber wall plays a major role in the lateral strength of hemp concrete, as increasing the wall length significantly increased the lateral strength of hemp concrete. Also, the contact and bonding between hemp material and timber studs significantly affected the lateral load carrying capacity of hemp concrete as infill material in timber frame walls.

Historically, energy use in the operational phase has accounted for most of a building’s climate impact. This has been changed in recent decades because there has been a focus on developing energy-efficient buildings. A larger part of a building’s climate impact is caused by material manufacturing and production. To reduce a building’s climate impact alternative insulation materials can be used, for example hemp fibre insulation which is an organic and non-toxic material. The aim of this study is to find out if hemp fibre insulation can be implemented as a standard insulation material. By examining what factors are vital when choosing an insulation material this work intends to find out if the insulation properties of hemp insulation can fulfill the requirements by the constructor. To fulfill the aim, a combination of interviews, surveys and theoretical studies was used. The most crucial aspects when choosing insulation material are fire resistance, thermal conductivity and health aspects for the construction workers. The benefits with hemp insulation are primarily the negative emissions of carbon dioxide seen from a life cycle perspective, the possibility to cultivate the product within Sweden, its reusability and recyclability and that the insulation material are free from hazardous substances. The disadvantages are higher thermal conductivity, higher market price, lower fire resistance and limited accessibility on the Swedish market. Due to the disadvantages, it is difficult to implement hemp insulation as a standard insulation material today. The conclusions are that the environmental impact is not decisive for an entrepreneur today when choosing insulation material. However, it will most likely become a more essential factor in the future. Improving the building sector’s knowledge regarding hemp insulation, will presumably increase the usage of it. Although, for hemp insulation to become a competitor in the future, it is substantial to increase its fire resistance and the accessibility on the Swedish market. The development of the material and the market may be a contributing factor to achieve the global and national environmental goals.

<p>U okviru ovog rada izvr&scaron;eno je ispitivanje različitih procesa ekstrakcije herbe industrijske konoplje. Za ekstrakciju određenih bioaktivnih jedinjenja primenjene su klasične tehnike ekstrakcije, maceracija i Soxhlet ekstrakcija, dok su od savremenih metoda primenjene ultrazvučna ekstrakcija, mikrotalasna ekstrakcija, ekstrakcija vodom u subkritičnom stanju i ekstrakcija ugljendioksidom u superkritičnom stanju. Praćenjem uticaja ulaznih promenjivih (procesnih parametara) na odabrane izlazne promenjive (sadržaj bioaktivnih jedinjenja ili antioksidativnu aktivnost) za svaku tehniku ekstrakcije pojedinačno utvrđeni su optimalni uslovi ekstrakcije. Nakon izvr&scaron;enog poređenja odabrana je najadekvatnija tehnika ekstrakcije za pripremu tečnog ekstrakta koji će biti transformisan u suvi ekstrakt primenom metode su&scaron;enja raspr&scaron;ivanjem. Prilikom dobijanja suvog ekstrakta ispitan je uticaj različite koncentracije nosača na kvalitet ekstrakata i efikasnost su&scaron;enja. Dobijeni ekstrakti su okarakterisani u pogledu fizičkih i hemijskih osobina. Sadržaj kanabinoida u tečnim ekstraktima suve herbe industrijske konoplje ispitanih u ovoj doktorskoj disertaciji je bio u opsegu od 0,4314 mg/mL CBD-a i 0,0364 mg/mL THC-a (u optimalnom ekstraktu dobijenom maceracijom) do 1,0420 mg/mL CBD-a i 0,0430 mg/mL THC-a (u optimalnom ekstraktu dobijenom mikrotalasnom ekstrakcijom). U ekstraktima koji su nepolarnog karaktera i koji su dobijeni primenom Soxhlet ekstrakcije sadržaj CBD-a i THC-a je bio 64,40 i 2,90 mg/g, dok je primenom superkritične ekstrakcije dobijen sadržaj CBD-a i THC-a u opsegu od 76,1193 do 163,1111 mg/g i od 4,1746 do 6,5803 mg/g. Tečni ekstrakti dobijeni primenom vode i etanola kao ekstragensa bili su bogati flavonoidima i fenolima, a utvrđeno je i da imaju značajnu antioksidativnu aktivnost, dok su ekstrakti dobijeni Soxhlet ekstrakcijom i ekstrakcijom ugljendioksidom u superkritičnom stanju bili bogati lipofilnim jedinjenjima i terpenima. Ovako dobijeni ekstrakti predstavljaju visokovredne proizvode koji imaju veliki potencijal za upotrebu u farmaceutskoj industriji.</p> / <p>Various extraction processes of the aerial parts of industrial hemp were examined. From classic extractions, maceration and Soxhlet extraction were applied, while from novel methods, ultrasound-assisted extraction, microwave-assisted extraction, subcritical water extraction and supercritical carbon dioxide extraction were applied. By monitoring the influence of the input variables on the selected output variables for each extraction, the optimal extraction conditions were determined separately. After a comparison of all the extraction processes tested, microwave-assisted extraction was selected to prepare the liquid extract for spray drying. The effect of different carrier concentrations was examined during the preparation of the dry extract. The extracts obtained were characterized in terms of physical and chemical properties. The content of cannabinoids in liquid extracts of dry Cannabis sativa herba examined ranged from 0.4314 mg/mL for CBD and 0.0364 mg/mL for THC in the optimum extract obtained by maceration to 1.0420 mg/mL for CBD and 0.0430 mg/mL for THC in the optimum extract obtained by microwave-assisted extraction. The CBD and THC content in extract obtained by Soxhlet extraction was 64.4000 mg/mL and 2.9000 mg/mL, respectively, while the highest content of CBD and THC in the supercritical carbon dioxide extract was 163.11 and 6.5803 mg/g. In addition to cannabinoids, the liquid extracts obtained were rich in phenols and flavonoids, and have considerable antioxidant activity, while the extracts obtained by Soxhlet extraction and supercritical carbon dioxide were rich in lipophilic compounds and terpenes. The extracts mentioned above are high value products which have great potential for implementation in the pharmaceutical industry.</p>

Increasing demand for new progressive construction materials requires development of modern environmentally friendly materials with excellent end-use properties and reasonable price. One of the main objectives of material research in building industry is using renewable resources of raw materials of industrial waste for development of new construction materials. Current trend of thermal insulation of building constructions results in development of environmentally friendly insulation materials based on renewable material resources from agriculture and stock farming, which could became alternative for current common use insulation materials in the future. The thesis describes research and development of insulation materials based on natural fibres of agricultural origin; in particular fibres of hemp, flax and jute. Hydrothermal behavior of developed materials is studied including computational simulation of behavior of researched materials after building in the construction.

No description available.

<p>  </p> <p>     As industrial hemp acreage throughout the United States has grown, there is an increasing need for research-based information towards effective pest management in this crop. A key pest group is insects, which may attack hemp and cause reductions in production and yield. However, knowledge of regional insect communities found on outdoor hemp is still limited. A critical initial step in growing our understanding is to identify potential pests, predatory (beneficial) insects, and likely visiting insects that occur in hemp systems throughout the production season. To address this knowledge gap, we conducted weekly and biweekly visual scouting of outdoor-grown CBD hemp plants over two summer production seasons at three sites in Indiana to characterize the identity and seasonality of potential pest, predatory, and visiting insects observed on plants. </p> <p><br></p> <p>     Across all of our sites, we made 1493 insect observations consisting of 60 taxonomic families across 13 orders. The most common potential pests observed were aphids, whiteflies, and leafhoppers, while the most common predators were long-legged flies, spiders, and hover flies, respectively. Other herbivorous insects such as red-headed flea beetles and tarnished plant bugs were observed feeding on hemp plants. However, many others, such as Japanese beetles and brown marmorated stink bugs, were not. Based on these results, we recommend that hemp growers in our region scout for insects on a twice-weekly basis, beginning at germination or 1 week following transplant.</p> <p><br></p> <p>     These findings will help inform growers about the timing of scouting for insects on outdoor grown CBD hemp, as well as when key potential pests and beneficial insects are likely to be present so management decisions can be focused accordingly. This work further serves as a foundation for future examinations of insect pest management in hemp, including predator-prey interactions that may be leveraged for biological control strategies in indoor production.</p>

The current anthropogenic practices of generating single-use waste streams in agriculture, forestry and manufacturing industries have created a host of environmental health problems. Humankind's reliance on non-renewable resources for the production of food and materials, and its current approach to product design and development, are clearly unsustainable. One mitigation strategy to reducing industrial and municipal solid waste, as well as environmental pollution, can be found in using white rot fungi to valorize our planet's most abundant and regenerative natural resource – plant biomass containing lignocellulose. From residual dry plant matter, white rot fungi can be employed through a solid-state fermentation process to produce a variety of edible, nutrient-dense saprotrophic mushrooms in addition to biologically augmented composite materials. Under the framework of the circular economy, agricultural and forestry byproducts with fibers containing lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose may be used as a feedstock for the production of both food and biomaterials – keeping plant biomass revolving through multiple cycles of use and reuse for a variety of product outputs that are biodegradable and help to sequester carbon. In this study, mushrooms were grown on a variety of lignocellulosic substrates derived from agricultural and forestry residues. Hemp-based substrates performed the best of the feedstocks with regard to mushroom yield and mycelium colonization time. Additionally, a number of mycelium composite products were designed and fabricated in this study using residual lignocellulosic plant biomass, including: insulation bricks, acoustical panels, and biodegradable planter pots. In particular, spent mushroom substrate containing hemp hurd and other agricultural and forestry residues showed significant potential in upcycling lignocellulosic plant biomass for the production of both mushrooms and mycelium materials. Regenerative design practices demonstrated how food and materials can be generated from the same lignocellulosic feedstock; therefore, reducing waste, circulating products and materials, and ultimately regenerating nature. / Master of Science / Environmental pollution and natural resource scarcity have encouraged exploration into using biologically based materials for the production of more ecologically friendly products. By valorizing the Earth's most abundant, renewable natural resource for the production of food and materials– dry plant matter containing lignocellulose – waste is reduced, carbon is stored, and materials can remain upcycled through multiple generations of production. Lignocellulosic residues – natural fibers containing the biopolymers lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose – have recently been given increased attention due to their ability to be aggregated and grown into low-cost, lightweight materials using white rot fungi. Mushroom farming has historically valorized lignocellulosic agricultural and forestry residues to grow an edible, nutrient-dense food crop. This thesis investigates the potential of various agricultural and forestry residues for the production of mushrooms and mycelium-based lignocellulosic composites. Furthermore, this study explores the utilization of spent mushroom substrate for the production of several mycelium-based composite products within the framework of the circular economy. Hemp-based substrates demonstrated significant potential in both mushroom production and mycelium composite fabrication, outperforming other agricultural residues in this study with regard to mushroom yield and speed of mycelial growth of Pleurotus ostreatus. More research into the tunable lignocellulosic substrate compositions will continue to help advance mushroom production and mycelium-based composite generation as environmentally friendly materials and production practices continue to gain interest.

[ES] Un uso indiscriminado de los plásticos ha dado lugar a una crisis medioambiental de proporciones significativas. La lenta degradación y alta persistencia de estos materiales en el medio ambiente han ocasionado la acumulación de residuos plásticos en los océanos y en entornos naturales. Este fenómeno plantea desafíos urgentes y ha impulsado un intenso interés en la búsqueda de soluciones sostenibles para abordar esta problemática. Este contexto brinda el escenario ideal para la investigación propuesta en esta tesis doctoral, titulada "Revalorización de Subproductos procedentes de la semilla de cáñamo (Cannabis sativa) para la obtención de biomateriales respetuosos con el medio ambiente". La semilla de cáñamo, con sus notables propiedades y componentes naturales, se presenta como un recurso prometedor para la creación de biomateriales que aborden los desafíos ambientales derivados del uso excesivo de plásticos. Esta tesis se adentrará en la exploración de métodos y técnicas para la extracción y transformación de subproductos de la semilla de cáñamo, con el objetivo de obtener biomateriales innovadores y sostenibles. La semilla de cáñamo posee un destacado potencial en el ámbito de los biopolímeros gracias a su rico contenido de ácidos grasos poliinsaturados. Además, la harina de semilla de cáñamo incluye una composición rica en proteínas, carbohidratos y residuos lignocelulósicos. Estos elementos constituyen los bloques de construcción fundamentales para la creación de biopolímeros naturales y biodegradables, lo que abre una vía hacia una alternativa más sostenible en comparación con los polímeros sintéticos convencionales. El aprovechamiento de la semilla de cáñamo en la producción de biopolímeros se presenta como una estrategia prometedora en la búsqueda de soluciones amigables con el medio ambiente en el campo de los materiales. La tesis doctoral actual se enfoca en la evaluación de la viabilidad de utilizar la semilla de cáñamo como una fuente renovable y funcional en la esfera de los biopolímeros. Este proyecto de investigación aborda un proceso de extracción que busca evaluar la posibilidad de efectuar modificaciones químicas en los ácidos grasos poliinsaturados contenidos en el aceite de cáñamo. La obtención del aceite de semilla de cáñamo maleinizado (ACM) tras realizar la modificación química mencionada, permite la implementación de este como plastificante de origen biológico en biopolímeros que, por naturaleza, suelen ser rígidos y quebradizos, como el PLA (ácido poliláctico). Además, el ACM puede desempeñar un papel como compatibilizante en la interacción entre las moléculas apolares, que conforman las matrices poliméricas, y las cargas lignocelulósicas, como la harina de cáñamo, que se introducen con el propósito de reducir el impacto ambiental y potenciar la revalorización de subproductos derivados de la semilla de cáñamo. De igual manera, puede actuar como compatibilizante entre polímeros que son parcialmente inmiscibles entre ellos, como puede ser la mezcla del PLA y del TPS (almidón termoplástico). De igual manera que se ha llevado a cabo la obtención del ACM, y se ha utilizado como plastificante y compatibilizante en mezclas de polímeros, también se ha desarrollado un aceite epoxidado de cáñamo (ACE). Gracias a la obtención de este nuevo aceite modificado químicamente se ha podido llegar a desarrollar una resina termoestable basada al 100% en ACE como base de la resina epoxi y el ACM como endurecedor bio en la mezcla resultante. Finalmente, cabe destacar que las investigaciones realizadas en el marco de esta tesis doctoral han representado un valioso enfoque en la utilización de la semilla de cáñamo como una fuente de materia prima sostenible en la creación de compuestos activos destinados a la industria de los biopolímeros. Por esto, se han desarrollado nuevos compatibilizantes y plastificantes gracias a la obtención del ACM y del ACE, la utilización de la harina de semilla de cáñamo en matrices poliméricas. / [CA] Un ús indiscriminat dels plàstics ha provocat una crisi ambiental de dimensions significatives. La lenta degradació i l'alta persistència d'aquests materials en el medi ambient han ocasionat l'acumulació de residus plàstics en els oceans i en entorns naturals. Aquest fenomen planteja reptes urgents i ha impulsat un intens interès en la recerca de solucions sostenibles per abordar aquesta problemàtica. Aquest context proporciona l'escenari ideal per a la investigació proposada en aquesta tesi doctoral, titulada "Revalorització de Subproductes procedents de la llavor de cànem (Cannabis sativa) per a l'obtenció de biomaterials respectuosos amb el medi ambient". La llavor de cànem, amb les seues notables propietats i components naturals, es presenta com una font prometedora per a la creació de biomaterials que aborden els reptes ambientals derivats de l'ús excessiu de plàstics. Aquesta tesi s'endinsarà en l'exploració de mètodes i tècniques per a l'extracció i transformació de subproductes de la llavor de cànem, amb l'objectiu d'obtenir biomaterials innovadors i sostenibles. La llavor de cànem posseeix un destacat potencial en l'àmbit dels biopolímers gràcies al seu ric contingut d'àcids grassos poliinsaturats. A més, la farina de llavor de cànem inclou una composició rica en proteïnes, carbohidrats i residus lignocel·lulòsics. Aquests elements constitueixen els blocs de construcció fonamentals per a la creació de biopolímers naturals i biodegradables, obrint una via cap a una alternativa més sostenible en comparació amb els polímers sintètics convencionals. L'aprofitament de la llavor de cànem en la producció de biopolímers es presenta com una estratègia prometedora en la recerca de solucions amigables amb el medi ambient en el camp dels materials. La tesi doctoral actual se centra en l'avaluació de la viabilitat d'utilitzar la llavor de cànem com a font renovable i funcional en l'esfera dels biopolímers. Aquest projecte de recerca aborda un procés d'extracció que busca avaluar la possibilitat de realitzar modificacions químiques en els àcids grassos poliinsaturats continguts en l'oli de cànem. L'obtenció de l'oli de llavor de cànem maleïnit (ACM) després de realitzar la modificació química esmentada, permet la seua implementació com a plastificant d'origen biològic en biopolímers que, per naturalesa, solen ser rígids i trencadissos, com l'àcid polilàctic (PLA). A més, el ACM pot jugar un paper com a compatibilitzant en la interacció entre les molècules apolars, que conformen les matrius polimèriques, i les càrregues lignocel·lulòsiques, com la farina de cànem, que s'introdueixen amb el propòsit de reduir l'impacte ambiental i potenciar la revalorització de subproductes derivats de la llavor de cànem. De la mateixa manera, pot actuar com a compatibilitzant entre polímers que són parcialment inmiscibles entre ells, com pot ser la barreja del PLA i del TPS (almidó termoplàstic). De la mateixa manera que s'ha dut a terme l'obtenció del ACM, i s'ha utilitzat com a plastificant i compatibilitzant en mesclades de polímers, també s'ha desenvolupat un oli epoxidat de cànem (ACE). Gràcies a l'obtenció d'aquest nou oli modificat químicament s'ha pogut arribar a desenvolupar una resina termoestable basada al 100% en ACE com a base de la resina epoxi i el ACM com a endureixedor biològic en la mescla resultant. Finalment, cal destacar que les investigacions realitzades en el marc d'aquesta tesi doctoral han representat un valuós enfocament en la utilització de la llavor de cànem com a font de matèria primera sostenible en la creació de compostos actius destinats a la indústria dels biopolímers. Per això, s'han desenvolupat nous compatibilitzants i plastificants gràcies a l'obtenció del ACM i de l'ACE, la utilització de la farina de llavor de cànem en matrius polimèriques i, finalment, l'obtenció d'una resina epoxi que es troba 100% desenvolupada amb subproductes de la llavor de cànem. / [EN] Indiscriminate use of plastics has led to a significant environmental crisis. The slow degradation and high persistence of these materials in the environment have resulted in the accumulation of plastic waste in oceans and natural settings. This phenomenon poses urgent challenges and has spurred intense interest in finding sustainable solutions to address this issue. This context provides the ideal backdrop for the research proposed in this doctoral thesis, "Valorization of Byproducts from Hemp Seeds (Cannabis sativa) for the Production of Environmentally Friendly Biomaterials." With their remarkable properties and natural components, hemp seeds emerge as a promising resource for creating biomaterials that address environmental challenges stemming from excessive plastic use. This thesis will delve into the exploration of methods and techniques for the extraction and transformation of hemp seed byproducts, with the aim of producing innovative and sustainable biomaterials. Hemp seeds hold significant potential in biopolymers due to their rich content of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Furthermore, hemp seed meal includes a composition rich in proteins, carbohydrates, and lignocellulosic residues. These elements constitute the fundamental building blocks for creating natural and biodegradable biopolymers, paving the way for a more sustainable alternative than conventional synthetic polymers. Leveraging hemp seeds in biopolymer production presents a promising strategy for eco friendly material solutions. The current doctoral thesis focuses on evaluating the feasibility of using hemp seeds as a renewable and functional source in the field of biopolymers. This research project encompasses an extraction process that aims to assess the possibility of making chemical modifications to the polyunsaturated fatty acids found in hemp oil. The production of maleinized hemp seed oil (ACM) after the mentioned chemical modification allows its implementation as a biological plasticizer in biopolymers, which tend to be naturally rigid and brittle, such as polylactic acid (PLA). Additionally, ACM can act as a compatibilizer in the interaction between nonpolar molecules, forming the polymeric matrices, and lignocellulosic fillers, such as hemp seed meal, introduced to reduce environmental impact and enhance the valorization of hemp seed byproducts. It can also act as a compatibilizer between partially immiscible polymers, such as the blend of PLA and thermoplastic starch (TPS). Similarly, to the development of ACM for use as a plasticizer and compatibilizer in polymer blends, an epoxidized hemp oil (ACE) has been developed. This chemically modified oil's acquisition led to the creation of a 100% ACE-based thermosetting resin as the foundation of epoxy resin, with ACM serving as a bio-based hardener in the resulting mixture. Finally, it is worth noting that the research conducted within the framework of this doctoral thesis has represented a valuable approach to utilizing hemp seeds as a source of sustainable raw materials in the creation of active compounds for the biopolymer industry. This has led to the development of new compatibilizers and plasticizers through the acquisition of ACM and ACE, the use of hemp seed meal in polymeric matrices, and, lastly, the production of an epoxy resin entirely derived from hemp seed byproducts. / Lerma Cantó, A. (2024). Revalorización de subproductos procedentes de la semilla del cáñamo (Cannabis sativa) para la obtención de biomateriales respetuosos con el medio ambiente [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/205829