Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:53:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TOSO_Milton_2014.pdf: 4696426 bytes, checksum: eb35afc135023b0b234ffd6a28263264 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-03-20 / The main purpose of this dissertation is to propose a methodology framework using multicriteria decision-making method, Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), to define the configuration of logistics operations at the distribution centers in the Brazilian retail market. This framework is based on an approach in which the choice of operational alternatives used in the internal activities of a distribution center (receiving, storage, picking and shipping) depend on the distribution strategy as well as the attributes and requirements of the business environment of the company. In order to develop this work, a bibliographic research has been performed in the following fields: logistics and distribution strategy, functions, activities and management of distribution centers and decision-making. It has been carried out interviews in the research field with the high management representatives from large logistics providers with the aim of determining which business requirements might be considered in the approach. The interviews have been also important to determine the preferences and weights to the attributes used for decision-making. The proposed framework has been also used in a case study in order to validate the attributes and has served too as a basis to compare the preferences of the managers of the logistic providers and of the manager of the studied company, regarding the configuration of the logistic operations. This framework has been validated, the preferences among decision makers have been similar, except at the weight between the attributes of operational and investment costs. In general, this framework has validated the results and has proved to be a useful tool to support decision-making process in a real situation and also has generated scenarios and sensitivity analysis to the decision maker. / O objetivo geral desta dissertação é propor uma estrutura metodológica utilizando um método de tomada de decisão multicritério, o Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), a fim de configurar a operação logística em centros de distribuição que atende o mercado varejista brasileiro. Esta estrutura está baseada em uma abordagem na qual a escolha das alternativas operacionais utilizadas nas atividades internas de um centro de distribuição (recebimento, armazenagem, separação e expedição) depende da estratégia de distribuição, bem como dos atributos e requerimentos de negócio do ambiente da empresa. Para o desenvolvimento deste trabalho foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica relacionada à estratégia de distribuição, funções, atividades e gerenciamento de centros de distribuição, e, à abordagem de tomada de decisão. Na pesquisa de campo foram realizadas entrevistas com representantes da alta gerência de grandes operadores logísticos com a finalidade de determinar quais os requerimentos de negócio que deveriam ser considerados na configuração. As entrevistas também foram importantes para determinar as preferências e os pesos dos atributos utilizados para a tomada de decisão. A proposta de configuração foi ainda utilizada em um estudo de caso como meio de validação dos atributos e serviu, também, de base de comparação entre as preferências dos gestores de operadores logísticos e do gestor da empresa estudada, no tocante à configuração das operações logísticas. A aplicação da proposta de configuração foi validada e as preferências entre todos os decisores foram parecidas, exceto no peso entre os atributos de custo operacional e investimento. No geral, a proposta de configuração validou os resultados e se mostrou útil como uma ferramenta de suporte na tomada de decisão em uma situação real, além de permitir a geração de cenários e análises de sensibilidade para o tomador de decisão.

Submitted by Nadir Basilio (nadirsb@uninove.br) on 2016-08-16T15:38:24Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Flavia Cristina da Silva.pdf: 3181859 bytes, checksum: ec2e71bc944595cf5e4a7b0a3e2a9042 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-16T15:38:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Flavia Cristina da Silva.pdf: 3181859 bytes, checksum: ec2e71bc944595cf5e4a7b0a3e2a9042 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-03 / The interface between organizations and the context in which they operate tend to give barriers to the implementation of the green supply chain management [GSCM]. The general purpose of this study was to analyze how the barriers to implementation of GSCM are prioritized by Brazilian automotive sector. Therefore, this research used a mixed methods approach, applying a systematic literature review and CVR content validation in the qualitative approach and the Analytic Hierarchy Process method [AHP] for the quantitative. The contributions of this study to the theory include the collection of forty-three literature barriers to implementing the GSCM. The model of thirteen barriers applicable to the Brazilian organizational setting, validated by technical and academic experts, in addition to the synthesis of other information relevant to research on the topic. In terms of contributions to the practice of management, from the results and their comparisons in relation to companies in other sectors located in other parts of the world, it is intended that this study drives the member companies of the automotive supply chain in developing action plans to overcome the barriers to implementation of GSCM. / A interface entre as organizações e o contexto em que estão inseridas tendem a originar barreiras à implementação da gestão da cadeia de suprimentos verde [GCSV]. O propósito geral deste estudo consistiu em analisar como as barreiras à implementação da GCSV são hierarquizadas pelas empresas do setor automotivo brasileiro. Para tanto, esta pesquisa utilizou a abordagem de métodos mistos, com a aplicação de revisão bibliográfica sistemática e validação de conteúdo CVR na abordagem qualitativa e o método Analytic Hierarchy Process [AHP] para a quantitativa. As contribuições deste estudo para a teoria incluem a coletânea de quarenta e três barreiras à implementação da GCSV da literatura ao modelo de treze barreiras aplicáveis ao cenário organizacional brasileiro, validado por especialistas técnicos e acadêmicos, além da síntese de outras informações relevantes para pesquisas no tema. Em termos de contribuições para a prática da Administração, a partir dos resultados alcançados e suas comparações em relação às indústrias de outros setores localizadas em outras partes do mundo, pretende-se que este estudo norteie as empresas integrantes da cadeia de suprimentos automotiva na elaboração de planos de ação para a superação das barreiras à implementação da GCSV.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Software development organizations are involved in different scenarios with distinct projects in relation to specific project characteristics and demands. There isn´t a software process model appropriate for all projects and/or organizations. The best process depends of the project context. Situational Method Engineering (SME) proposes the building of specific software development methods for each project according to its situational characteristics from method fragments stored in a repository. This work proposes a systematic approach for building a specific development software process for each project through tailoring process based on SME concepts, called OSPTA Octopus SME Process Tailoring Approach. OSPTA uses stored method fragments which include practices recommended by agile and planned process. These fragments are retrieved according to one or more tailoring criteria (tailoring process requirements) and are prioritized from contextual factors defined by Octopus Model. The technique used for this prioritization is Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) technique to guide the process engineers in choosing the best fragments to include into organization s standard software process (PSPO). A metamodel was proposed to define method fragments. A support tool was developed to validate the proposed approach through case studies which use project risks as tailoring criteria. / As organizações de desenvolvimento de software estão envolvidas em um ambiente dinâmico, com diferentes cenários de acordo com as características e demandas específicas de cada projeto de software. Não há um processo de software que atenda as necessidades específicas de todos os projetos e/ou organizações. Assim, a adequação de um processo de desenvolvimento de software depende do contexto do projeto. Situational Method Engineering (SME) propõe a construção de métodos de desenvolvimento de software específicos para cada projeto de acordo com as características situacionais dos mesmos a partir de fragmentos de métodos armazenados em um repositório. Este trabalho propõe uma abordagem sistemática para a construção de processos de desenvolvimento de software específicos para cada projeto a partir da adaptação de processos, com base em conceitos de SME, chamada OSPTA Octopus SME Process Tailoring Approach. OSPTA utiliza fragmentos de métodos armazenados em um repositório, os quais incluem práticas preconizadas por processos ágeis e planejados. Tais fragmentos são recuperados de acordo com um ou mais critério de adaptação, ou requisitos para o processo adaptado, e são priorizados de acordo com fatores de contextualização de projetos de software definidos no Octopus Model. A técnica usada para esta priorização é Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), para guiar os engenheiros de processo na escolha dos melhores fragmentos para serem incluídos no processo de software padrão da organização (PSPO), dando origem ao processo adaptado, específico para o projeto. Um metamodelo foi proposto para a definição de fragmentos de métodos para serem utilizados na abordagem. Foi desenvolvida uma ferramenta para apoiar a abordagem proposta. Estudos de caso considerando riscos do projeto como critério de adaptação foram elaborados para validar a abordagem.

Submitted by Nadir Basilio (nadirsb@uninove.br) on 2017-06-06T15:28:07Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Flavia Cristina da Silva.pdf: 3181859 bytes, checksum: ec2e71bc944595cf5e4a7b0a3e2a9042 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-06T15:28:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Flavia Cristina da Silva.pdf: 3181859 bytes, checksum: ec2e71bc944595cf5e4a7b0a3e2a9042 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-03 / The interface between organizations and the context in which they operate tend to give barriers to the implementation of the green supply chain management [GSCM]. The general purpose of this study was to analyze how the barriers to implementation of GSCM are prioritized by Brazilian automotive sector. Therefore, this research used a mixed methods approach, applying a systematic literature review and CVR content validation in the qualitative approach and the Analytic Hierarchy Process method [AHP] for the quantitative. The contributions of this study to the theory include the collection of forty-three literature barriers to implementing the GSCM. The model of thirteen barriers applicable to the Brazilian organizational setting, validated by technical and academic experts, in addition to the synthesis of other information relevant to research on the topic. In terms of contributions to the practice of management, from the results and their comparisons in relation to companies in other sectors located in other parts of the world, it is intended that this study drives the member companies of the automotive supply chain in developing action plans to overcome the barriers to implementation of GSCM. / A interface entre as organizações e o contexto em que estão inseridas tendem a originar barreiras à implementação da gestão da cadeia de suprimentos verde [GCSV]. O propósito geral deste estudo consistiu em analisar como as barreiras à implementação da GCSV são hierarquizadas pelas empresas do setor automotivo brasileiro. Para tanto, esta pesquisa utilizou a abordagem de métodos mistos, com a aplicação de revisão bibliográfica sistemática e validação de conteúdo CVR na abordagem qualitativa e o método Analytic Hierarchy Process [AHP] para a quantitativa. As contribuições deste estudo para a teoria incluem a coletânea de quarenta e três barreiras à implementação da GCSV da literatura ao modelo de treze barreiras aplicáveis ao cenário organizacional brasileiro, validado por especialistas técnicos e acadêmicos, além da síntese de outras informações relevantes para pesquisas no tema. Em termos de contribuições para a prática da Administração, a partir dos resultados alcançados e suas comparações em relação às indústrias de outros setores localizadas em outras partes do mundo, pretende-se que este estudo norteie as empresas integrantes da cadeia de suprimentos automotiva na elaboração de planos de ação para a superação das barreiras à implementação da GCSV.

[pt] Em um cenário mundial de intensa competição, com indústrias cada vez mais complexas e dinâmicas, a tomada de decisão se tornou um fator chave que muitas vezes pode determinar a sobrevivência e o sucesso de uma empresa. A indústria do petróleo possui investimentos anuais na ordem de bilhões de dólares e por isso toda decisão é considerada vital para esta indústria. Em função da grande quantidade de projetos sendo estudados e propostos, tanto de ampliação quanto de manutenção da estrutura das empresas, do alto valor de cada um e da restrição orçamentária de cada empresa, a tomada de decisão é um passo importante e complexo, devido às inúmeras variáveis e restrições envolvidas. Esta dissertação elabora uma proposta de método de apoio para o processo de tomada de decisão usado na seleção de projetos de investimento em logística de uma grande empresa do setor de óleo e gás. Na maioria das vezes, os critérios utilizados para a tomada de decisão na seleção de projetos consideram apenas os aspectos financeiros, sem levar em consideração outros critérios, que são abordados nesse trabalho. Em função da importância dos projetos e da quantidade de variáveis envolvidas durante a seleção e priorização deles, esse trabalho utiliza o método AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) Simplificado e os conceitos de Programação Linear Inteira Mista (PLIM) para determinar os projetos prioritários e otimizar a satisfação do grupo tomador de decisão. Foram estudados seis dos principais projetos da empresa, que juntos somam, aproximadamente, 2,7 bilhões de doláres e representam quase 80 por cento da carteira da área de logística da empresa estudada. Este estudo possibilitou uma seleção mais eficaz, resultando em uma maior integração entre os tomadores de decisão e um maior conhecimento sobre cada um dos projetos avaliados. / [en] In a global scenario of intense competition with increasingly complex and dynamic industries, decision-making has become a key factor that can often determine the survival and success of a company. The oil and gas industry has annual investments of billions of dollars and every decision is considered vital for this industry. Due to the large number of projects being proposed and studied, involving both expansion and maintenance of business structure, the high value of each and the budget constraint of each company, the decision-making is important and complex, due to numerous variables and constraints involved. This dissertation develops a proposed method of support to the process of decision making used in the selection of logistics investment projects, in a large company in the oil and gas industry. In most cases, the criteria used for decision making in project selection only considers the financial aspects, without taking into account other ones, which are addressed in this work. Due to the importance of the projects and the amount of variables involved when selecting and prioritizing them, this work uses the Simplified AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) and concepts of Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) to determine priority projects and optimize the satisfaction of the decision-making group. Six of the main projects of the enterprise were studied, which together sum up to approximately 2.7 billion dollars and represent almost 80 per cent of the logistics portfolio of the studied company. This study allowed a more effective selection, resulting in a greater integration between decision makers and a greater knowledge of each of the evaluated projects.

There are more and more people watching video streams over the Internet, and this has led to an increase in companies that compete for viewers. To improve the users experience, these companies can measure how their services are performing. The aim of this thesis was to recommend a way to measure the quality of service for a real time video streaming service. Three methods were presented; to buy the information from a content delivery network, extend existing analytics software or build a custom solution using packet sniffing. It was decided to extend existing analytics software. An evaluation was made on which software to extend. Four solutions were compared: Google Analytics, Mixpanel, Ooyala IQ and Piwik. The comparison was made using the analytic hierarchy process, comparing each alternative in their performance in criteria such as API maturity, flexibility, visualization and support. The recommended software to extend when building a real time video streaming service is Ooyala IQ which excel at flexibility and is easy to implement into existing solutions. It also had great capacity, offering no limit on how many events it can track per month, and finally it offers great dedicated support via telephone or email. / Det finns fler och fler personer som tittar på video strömmar på Internet, detta har lett till att nya företag har startats som konkurerar om tittare. För att förbättra kundupplevelsen kan man mäta hur tjänsten presterar. Målet med examensarbetet var att rekommendera hur man kan mäta tjänstekvalite för en realtidsvideoströmningstjänst. Tre olika lösningsförslag presenterades; att köpa informationen från en content delivery network, att bygga vidare på tillgängliga analytisk mjukvara eller att bygga ett eget paketsniffarprogram. Det bestämdes att bygga vidare på tillgänglig analytisk mjukvara. Fyra olika mjukvara jämfördes: Google Analytics, Mixpanel, Ooyala IQ och Piwik. Jämförelsen gjordes med hjälp av analytical hierarchy process, de olika alternativen jämfördes med avseende på: hur moget API:et var, flexibilitet, visualiseringen av data och support. Rekommendationen är att använda sig av Ooyala IQ som utmärker sig med avseende på flexibilitet, det var enkelt att använda deras API i sin egen lösning, det fanns ingen gräns på hur många händelser man kunde lagra per månad, och slutligen så fanns det dedikerad supportpersonal att nå via telefon eller email.

Multifunktionella aspekter och flerdimensionella problem öppnar upp för användandet av geografiska informationssystem (GIS) vid beslutsfattande. Ett användningsområde i GIS är möjligheten att ta fram lämpliga områden, det innebär områden där flera lämpliga aspekter stämmer överens med varandra. Denna typ av lämplighetsanalys påverkas i hög grad av författaren samt beroende på analysmetod vilket i sin tur påverkar beslutsfattande. Denna studie syftar till att undersöka hur de val författaren gör påverkar metoden samt vilka konsekvenser det får för beslutsprocessen. Utifrån tidigare forskning har två analysmetoder identifierats, Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) och Weighted Linear Combination (WLC). För att kunna jämföra de två metoderna tar studien stöd i en exempelstudie från Linköpings tätort. Utifrån denna studie går det att se att författaren påverkar resultatet av kriterier och viktning men där det skiljer sig olika mycket mellan de två analysmetoderna AHP och WLC. AHP och WLC har både styrkor och svagheter som gör dem lämpliga för denna sorts studie. / Multifunctional aspects and multidimensional problems open up the use of geographic information systems (GIS) in decision-making. One area of ​​use in GIS is the site selection, the site selection combines areas with several suitable aspects. This type of suitability analysis is greatly influenced by the author and depending on the analysis method, which in turn affects decision-making. This study aims to investigate how the choices the author makes affect the method and what consequences it has for the decision-making process. Based on previous research, two analysis methods have been identified, Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Weighted Linear Combination (WLC). In order to compare the two methods, the study is supported by an example study from Linköping City. Based on this study, it can be seen that the author influences the results of criteria and weighting. However the two analysis methods AHP and WLC affect the study in different ways. AHP and WLC both have strengths and weaknesses that make them suitable for site selection studies.

Industriellt underhåll har upplevt en utveckling från det ursprungliga akuta avhjälpande underhållet till dagens möjligheter till underhåll baserat på data, så kallat tillståndsbaserat underhåll (CBM). För CBM genomförs endast underhåll vid behov och detta bestäms av aktuell data från den studerade utrustningen. Onödigt underhåll minimeras och antalet plötsliga haverier minskar. Utvecklingen mot Internet of Things (IoT) ger upphov till en stor mängd data som potentiellt kan användas vid CBM-underhåll. En utmaning uppstår dock i att identifiera sådan data och hur denna data kan användas. Denna studie har syftat till att undersöka hur sådan data kan identifieras och hur den kan tänkas användas vid CBM-underhåll. Studien har utförts tillsammans med Quant i Karlskrona där Quant genomför alla underhållsrelaterade aktiviteter åt ABB High Voltage Cables, ett industriföretag som tillverkar högspänningskablar. Arbetet har utgått från tre frågeställningar som har syftat till att: Identifiera datavariabler som kan tänkas ha relevans för CBM-underhåll. Tolka de identifierade datavariablerna för att bedöma hur de kan användas i CBM. Bedöma lämpligheten av en potentiell CBM-implementation baserat på identifierad data jämfört med existerande underhållsmetod. Arbetet har avgränsats genom att fokusera på ett enskilt företag och en enskild fabrik. Utöver detta har en avgränsning gjorts där fokus lagts på några få enskilda maskiner och komponenter. Sekretess har även behövt beaktas vid hantering av känslig information. Studien har huvudsakligen utförts kvalitativt, genom att på djupet fokusera på ett fåtal maskiner och komponenter. Arbetet har genomförts i nära samarbete med några av Quants anställda. Processdata har samlats in direkt från maskinerna och analyserats genom att identifiera och studera avvikelser i data. Intervjuer av olika slag, kompletterade med dokument, har varit en viktig metod för att inhämta information från anställda på Quant, både kring hur data kan tolkas men även kring hur olika processer fungerar. Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) genomfördes i fokusgrupp med anställda för att bedöma lämplig underhållsstrategi. Ett potentiellt tillvägagångssätt har identifierats som tillåter användning av processdata för CBM hos en särskild komponenttyp på företaget. Metoden behöver implementeras och testas men potential finns att minska underhållskostnaderna. Intressanta avvikelser i processdata har identifierats hos en annan komponent som bör studeras vidare för att förstå om processdata och avvikelserna kan användas i en CBM-kontext eller inte. Förbättringsområden hos företaget har identifierats i tillämpningen av vibrationsmätning, vilket är en metod med god potential att användas för CBM-underhåll och därmed minska underhållskostnaderna. Oljeanalys tillämpas redan men en intressant fundering är hur företagets oljefiltrering påverkar möjligheterna att implementera ett prediktivt underhåll i framtiden. Detta är ett område som framtida studier behöver titta på och bedöma hur det ska tacklas. AHP har även bekräftats vara en användbar metod för att bedöma lämpligaste underhållspolicyn. / Industrial maintenance has experienced an evolution from the initial corrective maintenance to the possibility of using data based maintenance techniques, so called condition-based maintenance (CBM). Maintenance is only performed when needed under CBM and this is decided based on the data retrieved from the studied equipment. Unnecessary maintenance is minimized and the number of sudden breakdowns decreases. The trend towards Internet of Things (IoT) gives rise to a large amount of data that can potentially be used in CBM maintenance. 'A challenge arises in identifying and using such data. This study has aimed to investigate how such data can be identified and how it might be used in CBM maintenance. This study has been carried out together with Quant in Karlskrona, Sweden, where Quant performs all maintenance related activities for ABB High Voltage Cables, an industrial manufacturing company. The study has been based on three questions that have aimed to: Identify data variables that might be relevant for CBM maintenance. Interpret the identified data variables to assess how they can be used in CBM. Assess the suitability of a potential CBM implementation based on the identified data compared to the existing maintenance method. The study has been delimited by focusing on a single company and a single factory. In addition, a delimitation has been made to focus on a few individual machines and components. A nondisclosure agreement also had to be considered when dealing with sensitive information. This study has mainly been conducted qualitatively, by focusing in-depth on a few machines and components. The work has been done in close collaboration with Quant’s employees. Process data has been collected from the machines and analyzed by identifying and studying data anomalies. Interviews, complemented with documents, has been an important method in obtaining information from Quant employees, both regarding how data can be interpreted but also on how the various processes work. Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was conducted in a focus group with employees to determine the most appropriate maintenance strategy. One potential approach has been identified that allows the use of process data for CBM on a particular type of component at the company. The method needs to be implemented and tested but the potential exists to reduce maintenance costs. Interesting anomalies in the process data have been identified in another component which should be studied further to understand if the process data and the anomalies can be used in a CBM context or not. Areas for improvement at the company have been identified in the application of vibration measurements, which is a method with good potential to be used in CBM maintenance, thereby reducing maintenance costs. Oil analysis is already used but an interesting question is how the company’s oil filtration affects its ability to implement a predictive maintenance scheme in the future. This is an area that future studies need to look at and assess how it should be tackled. AHP has also been confirmed to be a useful method to determine the most appropriate maintenance policy.

In an ever-changing world as ours, the population increases rapidly. There will be great challenges for urban planning when it comes to finding effective, optimized and sustainable solutions. The city planners must find the most optimal way of land usage and one way of reaching this can be obtained through a land-suitability analysis. Land-suitability analysis can be described as a combination of both Geographic information system (GIS) and Multi-criteria analysis (MCA) and is used to obtain the most optimal position for a specific land usage, e.g. residential areas. GIS and MCA can both be used separately but can also be used as described in a combination. The aim of this study is to compare two different municipalities, Nordanstig and Sundsvall, and how the weighting of social functions in planning housing projects differs in them. Another purpose is to compare two different MCA weighting methods and how they affect the final results. The methods used were Analytical Hierarchical Process (AHP) and Fuzzy AHP (FAHP). Using the output of the poll and the interviews from the representatives of the two municipalities weights were computed. The purpose of the study is to find suitable locations where residential areas can be built. The result of the study shows that the officials ranked the weights of the social functions in a new residential area differently. The respondent from Sundsvall ranks public transportation as the most important factor, while the respondent from Nordanstig ranks larger road/railway the highest. The final results end up in the same urban areas in both AHP and Fuzzy AHP methods. The main differences between them are the sizes of the areas and their exact extents. The biggest area was achieved through Sundsvall’s FAHP weighting and was located in the urban area of Gnarp. The area was about 118.5 hectare in size. To check whether the results can be considered appropriate a sensitivity analysis has been performed, using inverted weights taken from the poll and the interviews. / I en värld där befolkningen ökar kraftigt och är i ständig förändring, där ställs samhället och dess beslutsfattare inför stora utmaningar. En av dessa utmaningar är att planera samhällen på ett effektivt och optimerat sätt, som även innefattar hållbara lösningar. Med en strävan att på bästa sätt använda marken i staden, samhället och landet så kan en lämplighetsanalys användas. En lämplighetsanalys är en kombination av att använda Geografisk informationssystem (GIS) och multikriterieanalys (MKA) för att få fram den mest lämpliga platsen som för exempel ett bostadsområde. Både GIS och MKA är var för sig viktiga delar i samhället som även kan användas i kombination. Studiens syfte är att jämföra två kommuner, Nordanstig och Sundsvalls kommun, och deras olika viktning av samhällsfunktioner vid bostadsplanering. Det andra syftet är att jämföra hur två olika MKA metoder påverkar de slutliga resultaten. De två olika metoderna är Analytisk hierarkisk process (AHP) och Fuzzy AHP. Med hjälp av enkät och intervjuer av representanterna från kommunerna så tas vikter fram. De tillfrågade var tjänstemän från de två kommunerna, en från vardera kommunen. Målet med studien är att få fram områden där bostadsområden kan byggas, med hjälp av en multikriterieanalys. En bostadsplanering som tar in hållbarhets aspekter tidigt strävar mot att bidra till ett miljövänligare samhälle, aspekter som busshållplatser och park och fritid. Resultatet visar att de olika tjänstemännen rangordnar kriterierna olika på vad som är viktigast när det kommer till samhällsfunktioner i ett nytt bostadsområde. Representanten från Sundsvall rangordnar Kollektivtrafiken högst och representanten från Nordanstig rangordnar Större väg/järnväg högst. Slutresultatet visar att placering av bostadsområdet hamnar vid AHP metoden ungefär vid samma orter som vid Fuzzy AHP metoden. Det som skiljer är storleken på de olika områden och deras mer exakta utbredning. Det största området blir enligt Sundsvall viktning till FAHP och beläget i tätorten Gnarp, ytan blir då ca 118,5 ha stor. För att kontrollera om resultatet kan anses vara lämpligt har en känslighetsanalys gjorts, genom inverterade vikter tagna från enkäten och intervjuerna.

Despite the fact that Sustainable Development (SD) has been growing since the 1980s, methods and models that assist in carrying out sustainable strategies are still uncommon. IT managers at AstraZeneca (AZ) struggle to come up with the most sustainable decision in IT because there are no methods/models that facilitate such a decision-making process at AZ. This thesis aims at evaluating newly suggested sustainability additions to the Adaptive Delivery Framework (ADF) by comparing them to the Green Design (GD) (a model for sustainable decision-making of capital investment projects at AZ) and the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). The evaluation was done using quantitative and qualitative methods. The quantitative method utilized a method from previous research that employs pair-wise comparisons and matrix multiplication, and the qualitative method was in the form of one-on-one semi-structured interviews with AstraZeneca employees. The results showed that the new ADF performed sufficiently well against the already established GD and the literature’s state-of-the-art AHP. The new additions to ADF are capable of dealing with the sustainability problems of IT. Furthermore, the results from the quantitative and the qualitative methods suggested that the additions could improve in three key areas, namely the interdisciplinary approach, long-term perspective, and participation. First, the interdisciplinary approach could be improved by including the indirect and transformational effects of IT. Second, the long-term perspective could be improved by incorporating some long-term assessments, such as the expected number of uses, expected data access proportion, and the expected lifetime. Third, the participation could be improved by including a facilitator during the URS meetings. / Trots att hållbar utveckling SD har vuxit sedan dess 1980-talet, metoder och modeller som hjälper till att genomföra hållbara strategier är fortfarande ovanliga. IT-chefer på AstraZeneca (AZ) kämpar för att komma upp med det mest hållbara beslutet inom IT eftersom det inte finns några metoder/modeller som underlättar en sådan beslutsprocess på AZ. Denna avhandling syftar till utvärderar nyligen föreslagna hållbarhetstillägg till Adaptive Delivery Framework (ADF) genom att jämföra dem med Green Design (GD) (en modell för hållbart beslutsfattande av kapitalinvesteringsprojekt på AZ) och den Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Utvärderingen gjordes med hjälp av kvantitativa och kvalitativa metoder. Den kvantitativa metoden använde en metod från tidigare forskning som använder parvisa jämförelser och matrismultiplikation, och den kvalitativa metoden var i form av en- semistrukturerade intervjuer med AstraZeneca anställda. Resultaten visade att den nya ADF:en fungerade tillräckligt bra mot den redan etablerade GD och litteraturens toppmoderna AHP. De nya tilläggen till ADF är kapabla att hantera hållbarhetsproblemen inom IT. Dessutom, resultaten från de kvantitativa och kvalitativa metoderna antydde det tilläggen skulle kunna förbättras inom tre nyckelområden, nämligen det tvärvetenskapliga förhållningssätt, långsiktighet och delaktighet. Först det tvärvetenskapliga tillvägagångssätt skulle kunna förbättras genom att inkludera indirekta och transformerande effekter av IT. För det andra skulle det långsiktiga perspektivet kunna förbättras genom att införliva vissa långsiktiga bedömningar, såsom det förväntade antalet användningar, förväntas dataåtkomstandel och förväntad livslängd. För det tredje, deltagandet skulle kunna förbättras genom att inkludera en facilitator under URS-mötena.