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The aim of the work was to find out the influence of mineral and organic fertilization on the change of the quality of forage and to change the botanical composition and the yield of the forage on the poor stand in the National stud farm Kladruby N. L. In Kladruby n. L. in the autumn of 2014 on land 9502 a small-scale experiment was set up to verify the effect of fertilization on botanical composition and the production of forage grass with low yields of forage. The application of fertilizers was carried out in autumn 2014 and autumn 2015 on parcels measuring 4.0 x 4.0 with three variants in three replicates. After application of fertilizers botanical composition of stands and production of forage on the area of 1 m2 in the middle of the parcel before the 1st harvest in 2015 and 2016 was evaluated. The production of forage was evaluated together with the botanical evaluation of the stands. After the drying of the forage and its grinding on the laboratory mill, the quality of the forage was evaluated. According to the composting results, the yield of forage in 2016 to 10.2 t/ha and the quality of forage quality positively affected. Grass meadow was dominated by grassland in fertilized mineral fertilization and compost of parcels, compost fertilization also supports the occurrence of dicotyledonous herbs. Mineral fertilization promotes the occurrence and growth of grasses. mineral fertilization, organic fertilization, forage quality, forage production.

An experiment was carried out on a small plot of land belonging to Agrospol Velká Bystřice, an agricultural company, in 2012 and 2013. In this experiment Bojos, a variety of spring barley, was used, and we were able to observe the influence of nitrogen and sulphur on the grain yield and quality. The experiment consisted of 13 variants fertilized with two levels of nitrogen nutrition (N1 = 30 kg, N2 = 50 kg/ha). Sulfur was also applied in two forms -- as elementary sulphur op sulphate. A higher dose of nitrogen had increased yield and positive impact on the content of N-substances in barley grain and reduced the starch content and the amount of grain which passed through a 2,8 mm sieve. Malt extract content corresponded to the starch in the barley grain. The variant with a hinger dose of nitrogen sulphate (21 kg S/ha) produced the highest yield. The lowest yield was observed in the variant without fertilizer which also had the highest level of grain owerflow with a 2,8 mm sieve. From a density point of view, variant 10, where we used fertilizer LAV 27 (which has a lower dose of nitrogen) and 30 kg S/ha of elementary sulfur, appears to result in the best grain. The lowest average amount of N-substances was visible in the variant without fertilizer. An increase in the nitrogen dose caused an increase in the amount of N-substances in barley grain. The combination of nitrogen and sulfur in the fertilizer also increased the amount of N-substances. With increasing dose of nitrogen the starch content decreased. In most cases, it was confirmed that the average starch content has negative correlation with the yield and content of N-substances.

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The aim of the paper was to assess the influence of the graded doses of nutrients, different intensities of exploitation and weather conditions of the particular year on the representation of individual agro-botanical groups and dominant species, species diversity and production of dry matter forage in semi-natural grassland. The additional supply of fertilizers resulted in the increased (P<0.05) proportion of grasses, in the decreased (P<0.05) representation of other herbs and in the withdrawal (P<0.05) of clovers. Moreover, the application of nitrogen resulted in the decreased (P<0.05) of diversity indices and number of species. By contrast, PK fertilization had a positive influence on the number of species, diversity indices and proportion of clovers. The growing supply of nutrients and the higher intensity of exploitation led to the increased (P<0.05) production of dry matter forage. The most effective fertilization appears by PK fertilization after which the highest increase of dry matter forage was recorded as well as the highest effectiveness of nutrients utilization. The two cut exploitation of grasslands resulted in the dominance of grasses (P<0.05) and in the decreased (P<0.05) proportion of other herbs and clovers.

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