This thesis addresses a problem at the nexus of operations, strategy, and economics: in concentrated markets, on the one hand firms may need to expand capacity in order to improve their competitive position, and on the other they also seek to avoid industry excess capacity causing poor industry conditions to destroy the intended value creation. These considerations are opposite to each other. Too much capacity leads to underutilized resources and drives costs up. In contrast, too little capacity will limit the operation's capability to serve customers and earn revenues. The literature of the operations management and operations research fields on capacity expansion is concerned with normative perspectives to invoke optimization techniques. In this stream of research, competitive capacity expansion is not extensive. Operations related studies often ignore the effect of oligopolistic competition on investment activities but explicitly model practical operational environments. Conversely, the literature of the industrial organization and business strategy fields on strategic investment focuses on quantity/pricing competition in oligopoly markets, and is concerned with descriptive perspectives to invoke game-theoretic modeling, emphasizing the effect of imperfect competition. There is an extensive literature of economics on a subject of capacity investment in oligopolistic competition environments. However, economics-related studies do not often address the detailed operational environments. The thesis focuses on the following five complicated factors affecting the union of operations, strategy, and economics: existing capacity, economies of scale, realistic production strategy, strategic interaction, and demand uncertainty. We make two main contributions. First, we extend the current game-theoretic models of strategic capacity investment by explicitly considering existing capacity, scale economies, and realistic production rules, which are often considered in the operations literature. Under reasonable conditions, we are able to solve the proposed models in closed form. Our second contribution is to use the type of generic strategy as firms' decision variable rather than quantity, price, or timing, which is often used in oligopoly theory. After analyzing equilibrium behaviors in the proposed models, our findings are supported by many empirical observations.

Šiame magistro darbe, pasitelkiant analizės, lyginamąjį, loginį, sisteminį ir ekonominį tyrimo metodus, išsamiai analizuojama nuostolių, kilusių dėl akcijų pirkimo–pardavimo sutartyse numatytų patvirtinimų ir garantijų pažeidimo, nustatymo ir išieškojimo problematika. Darbe tiek teoriniu, tiek praktiniu aspektu pateikiamos pagrindinės problemos ir siūlomi jų sprendimo variantai, kurie palengvintų nuostolių apskaičiavimą ir užtikrintų teisingą jų atlyginimą paaiškėjus, jog pardavėjo patvirtinimai ir garantijos, perleidžiant verslą akcijų pirkimo–pardavimo būdu, buvo klaidingi. Siekiant užsibrėžtų tikslų pirmoje darbo dalyje nagrinėjami verslo perleidimo akcijų pirkimo–pardavimo būdu ypatumai, aiškinamasi, kokį akcijų kiekį perleidus bus laikoma, kad įvyko viso verslo perleidimas, taip pat lyginamos sandorių rūšys verslą perleidžiant akcijų ir turto pardavimo būdais. Atsižvelgiant į tai, kad patvirtinimai ir garantijos jau tapo neatsiejama akcijų pirkimo–pardavimo sutarties nuostatų dalimi, o verslo įsigijimų praktikoje ginčai dažniausiai kyla dėl šių sutarties nuostatų pažeidimo, antroje darbo dalyje gilinamasi į jų teisinę prigimtį, esmę, tikslus bei vietą Lietuvos sutarčių teisės sistemoje. Pagrindinė darbo dalis skirta nagrinėjamos temos kontekste identifikuoti nuostolių nustatymo ir išieškojimo problemas, analizuoti pagrindinius nuostolių apskaičiavimo būdus ir įmonės vertinimo problematiką, įvertinti pardavėjo pareigos atskleisti informaciją ir pirkėjo pareigos patikrinti... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / This master thesis, through the use of analytical, comparative, logical, systemic and economic methods forms a thorough analysis of problems concerning estimation and recovery of losses caused by the breaches of representations and warranties provided for in share sale–purchase agreements. This paper in both – theoretical and practical standpoints presents the core of the pending problems while suggesting the eventual rules, which if addressed, could ease the estimation of losses and safeguard the fair-minded compensation in the situations when seller’s representations and warranties provided for in share sale–purchase agreements were false. In order to achieve the selected goals of this master thesis, the first part of the paper analyses peculiarities of business transfer through the purchase of shares. It also examines what amount of transferred shares can be considered as a transfer of full business as well as compares the nature of business transactions through the sale of shares and assets. Due to the fact that representations and warranties have become an integral part of share sale–purchase agreements and disputes in business acquisitions are most often caused by the breach of above clauses, the second part of the paper examines their legal nature, substance, goals and place in the Lithuanian law of contracts. The main part of the paper aims to identify problems in estimation and recovery of damages, analyze main methods of the calculation of damages and issues in... [to full text]