Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:46:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LorrainyCL_DISSERT.pdf: 1949623 bytes, checksum: ef9f96250e45a7f9bb9f11ce8475ea01 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-12-01 / The contemporary conjuncture based on the capitalistic knowledge converges to the corporal consciousness that makes us see, feel, taste and hear, be in/to pieces. Disembodied reason legitimate and legislate ways of being and living socially and its development is the dehumanization of human relations causing pain and suffering. The objective of this work is to discuss the body as pedagogical matrix through imagistic/artistic elements: music, painting and literature. Metaphors lead to self knowledge of human subjectivity and approach us to the kaleidoscope of sensitive knowledge and enables learning to learn with the infinite combinations of images, knowledge, feelings and worldviews. The song Mem?ria da Pele comes in the voice of Maria Bet?nia speak of the memories that are not mine, but are tattooed in me in the memory of skin, singing the memories of a love lived by who tries to forget rationally, but the body insists on remembering. It is password to think about what we are. The short story by Clarice Lispector, entitled Miss Algarve, narrates the life story of an unmarried and virgin woman, and her encounter with an alien called Ixtlan. Until then, she who lived as if every day were a Monday, found herself seduced by the pleasure of having a body in contact with another body, which also allowed her to give visibility to the bodies of others. She had repudiation by the immorality that her body and the other s perspired. The discovery of the body brings important lessons for nursing, involving our body and the others'. The painting the flying bed or Henry Ford Hospital, by Frida Kahlo, is our final metaphor. The traumatic experience of abortion is shown in this painting trough the picture of the artist naked in a hospital bed. This painting invites us to reflect on our work process. We need to think in multiple dimensions of the being and accept the invitation of art, so that the lightness confronts us with the weight imposed by the hegemonic ideology. I believe it is not a single view, but the many views that should justify the knowledge and practices of nursing; what matters is that they are woven into the dialogue, democracy, provided that protagonism of those individuals involved in this process, in the wandering and uncertainty, in the rewiring, solidarity, plurality. To this end, the body must be the great pedagogue that is able to be viewed not as a tapestry seen by the right view, as the logical knowledge sees, but seen by the opposite side in its singular, irregular, discontinuous weavings / A conjuntura contempor?nea alicer?ada no saber capital?stico conflui para a inconsci?ncia corporal que nos faz ver, sentir, saborear, ouvir, ser em/aos peda?os. A raz?o descorporificada legitima e legisla modos de ser e de viver socialmente e tem como desdobramento a desumaniza??o das rela??es humanas, causando dor e sofrimento. O objetivo deste trabalho ? discutir o corpo como matriz pedag?gica mediante elementos imag?sticos/art?sticos: m?sica, pintura e literatura. As met?foras levam a um auto conhecimento da subjetividade humana e nos aproxima do caleidosc?pio do saber sens?vel e possibilitam aprender a aprender com as infinitas combina??es de imagens, conhecimentos, sentimentos e vis?es de mundo. A m?sica Mem?ria da Pele vem na voz de Maria Bet?nia falar das lembran?as que n?o s?o minhas, mas est?o em mim tatuadas na mem?ria da pele, cantando as recorda??es de um amor vivido de quem tenta esquecer racionalmente, mas que o corpo teima em lembrar. ? uma senha para pensar no que somos. O conto de Clarice Lispector, intitulado Miss Algrave, narra a hist?ria de vida de uma mulher solteira e virgem, e seu encontro com um extraterrestre chamado Ixtlan. At? ent?o, ela que vivia como se todos os dias fossem uma segunda-feira, se viu seduzida pelo prazer em ter um corpo em contato com outro corpo, o que lhe permitiu tamb?m dar visibilidade aos corpos dos outros. Tinha rep?dio pela imoralidade que os corpos dos outros e o seu transpiravam. A descoberta do corpo traz li??es importantes para a enfermagem, envolvendo o nosso e os outros corpos. A tela cama voadora ou o Hospital Henry Ford, de Frida Kahlo, ? nossa ?ltima met?fora. A experi?ncia traum?tica do aborto ? mostrada nessa tela atrav?s da pintura da artista nua em cima de uma cama de hospital. Essa tela nos convida a refletir sobre nosso processo de trabalho. Precisamos pensar na multidimensionalidade do ser e aceitar o convite da arte, para que a leveza nos confronte com o peso imposto pelo ide?rio hegem?nico. Acredito n?o ser uma ?nica vis?o, mas as muitas vis?es que devam fundamentar os saberes e fazeres da enfermagem; o que importa ? que sejam eles tecidos no di?logo, na democracia, na condi??o de protagonismo dos sujeitos envolvidos nesse processo, na err?ncia e incerteza, na religa??o, na solidariedade, na pluralidade. Para tanto, o corpo deve ser o grande pedagogo capaz de ser olhado n?o como uma tape?aria vista pelo direito, como v? o saber l?gico, mas vista pelo avesso em suas tramas singulares, irregulares, descont?nuas

L'apparence physique joue un rôle considérable dans la relation à l'autre comme dans la construction de soi. Le droit n'est pas sans ignorer ce phénomène, mais il s'en saisit par des règles dispersées n'ayant fait l'objet d'aucune réflexion d'ensemble: droit à l'image, autorisation de la chirurgie esthétique, liberté vestimentaire, prohibition des discriminations, encadrement de l'identification civile et pénale des personnes en sont autant d'illustrations. Un tel éparpillement nuit tant à la lisibilité qu'à la cohérence du droit positif. Pour y remédier et remettre de l'ordre dans le traitement juridique de l'apparence, la reconnaissance d'une liberté sur l'apparence physique apparaît nécessaire; elle érigerait en principe la possibilité pour la personne physique de définir et d'exprimer son identité par son aspect extérieur, tout en permettant de limiter ses pouvoirs lorsque les intérêts d'autrui sont en cause. Aussi, les règles juridiques actuelles qui privent la personne d'agir à sa guise sur sa propre apparence physique en dehors de toute idée de sauvegarde des intérêts d'autrui devraient être rejetées. Il en irait ainsi de la condition de diagnostic psychiatrique pour accéder aux opérations d'assignation sexuelle ou encore de l'interdiction de la dissimulation du visage. La reconnaissance de cette liberté impose néanmoins d'interroger les modalités de son intégration dans le paysage juridique actuel. Il faudra alors rechercher, notamment parmi les règles relatives à la protection de la vie privée et du corps humain, les moyens de garantir tant l'efficacité que la pérennité de la liberté sur l'apparence physique. / Physical appearance is an important consideration in self-construction as well as in interpersonal relations. Law does not ignore this phenomenon but takes it into consideration through dispersed rules such as image reproduction right, aesthetical surgery, free clothing, ban on discriminations or civil and penal identification rules. But this scattering harms the readibility and consistency of positive law. To admit a persona! freedom over physical appearance would be an efficient remedy. Such a new freedom would acknowledge that free choice over persona! appearance is the principle and limitations the exception. As for any liberty, limitations would be allowed only if they aim to protect others interests. The current mies that limit persona) choices over physical appearance without being protective of others interest should then be deleted. Thereby the condition of psychiatrie diagnosis to access sex reassignment surgery should be removed as well as the anti-Burqa act. However, admitting the freedom over physical appearance would necessarily question the means of its integration in substantive law. In this perspective, a reflexion interrogating the ability of privacy right and human body protection to be the base of this new liberty and yet to ensure its longevity needs to be led.

[pt] Nesta dissertação são descritos o projeto, a implementação e os testes preliminares de um protótipo de transdutor de campo magnético em tensão, baseado no fenômeno da Magnetoimpedância Gigante (MIG) e caracterizado por uma configuração geométrica inovadora. O elemento sensor e o circuito eletrônico do transdutor foram idealizados e implementados de modo a se obter a maior sensibilidade possível a campos próximos e imunidade a campos remotos. Através das medidas de caracterização do elemento sensor e do circuito, foi possível obter uma sensibilidade estimada do transdutor, sendo esta aproximadamente 12 V/Oe, a qual já é comparável à de dois dos principais sensores magnéticos existentes, o fluxgate e o sensor de efeito Hall. O transdutor desenvolvido tem por principal aplicação, nesta pesquisa, a localização de corpos estranhos magnéticos no corpo humano, baseando-se em técnica já desenvolvida e testada para sensores SQUID. Para auxiliar a interpretação dos resultados experimentais, foi criado um modelo teórico do campo magnético associado a uma agulha e do sinal de saída do transdutor associado a este campo. Medições com uma agulha retilínea foram realizadas para se avaliar o comportamento do transdutor perante este campo magnético. Apesar da elevada sensibilidade, as medidas indicaram não- linearidade e baixa imunidade a campos uniformes. Contudo, independentemente das melhorias que possam ser feitas e que já foram identificadas, o transdutor desenvolvido já tem aplicações bastante promissoras, destacando-se por seu reduzido custo de fabricação e operação. / [en] In this dissertation, it is proposed the design of a magnetic field to voltage transducer based on the Giant Magnetoimpedance phenomenon (GMI), characterized by an innovative geometric configuration. In order to attain the best near-field sensibility and far-field immunity, the transducer`s sensitive element and electronic circuit were planned and implemented. By thoroughly characterizing them it was possible to obtain an estimate of the transducer`s sensibility, which is approximately 12 V/Oe. This value is comparable to those observed in two of the most important existing magnetic sensors: the fluxgate and the Hall effect sensor. The main application of the developed transducer is the localization of magnetic foreign bodies in humans, based on a previously developed and tested SQUID sensor technique. In order to provide a better interpretation of the experimental results, a theoretical model of the magnetic field associated with a needle and of the signal it generates in the transducer was created. Measurements with a needle were performed to analyze the behavior of the prototype, which has a high sensitivity, as expected, but presents strong hysteresis, lack of linearity and low immunity to uniform fields. However, despite the improvements that can still be done and have already been identified, the developed transducer has many promising applications, and has the advantage of reduced fabrication and operation costs.

The subject of the thesis is a theoretical and empirical analysis of the human body, which is examined through the prism of eating disorders. Methodologically, the project rests upon the core methods of cultural anthropology. The purpose of the thesis is an application and testing of concepts apply concepts developed by the author of the thesis to research embodiment, specifically eating disorders perceived as culturally conditioned phenomena. The broader goal is thus to contribute to the development of the field of anthropology of body and contribute to the development of its theoretical and empirical foundations, while its specific aim is to apply the model of anthropology of body to the research of eating disorders. The thesis proceeds from the general interpretation to the specific research agenda It is divided into three interrelated sections. The first part presents a summary of concepts and approaches to embodiment in social sciences, accentuating a diachronic perspective. In the second section the concept of embodiment is outlined introducing three structural levels. Anthropology of body serves as a starting point for tackling the issue of eating disorders. The third part is an empirical section. The outputs of the research on the body image of people with eating disorders are presented,...

Bodies - be they fleshy or other - are simultaneously made by, made of, moved by, and the makers and movers of other bodies. Driven by the questions how do bodies emerge? what makes bodies move? and what can bodies do? bodies are placed at the very centre of this book in order to explain and show, not only how such bodily making and re-making - (re)making - and movement is done, but also why awareness and understanding of the processes and practices involved in the continual and ongoing (re)making and moving of bodies - of three particular kinds in particular (bodies of power/knowledge, humanised bodies, and bodies politic) - is vital to the study of international relations, conflict, and security and thus to the discipline of International Relations (IR). In short, bodies - of these three kinds in particular - require foregrounding because international relations, conflicts, and security practices are conducted by, on, and for bodies (humanised bodies and bodies politic in particular), according to bodies (namely referred to as dominant bodies of power/ knowledge, which become fleshed out as material bodies including humanised bodies and bodies politic and enact statecraft, further down the line). Moreover, as demonstrated in this book, which takes up the broad empirical case of post-9/11 American body politics and two case studies into the visual body politics of suffering and dead American soldiers since 9/11 and the 2013 Camp Delta hunger strike, there is much to be gained by taking the very particular embodiments of bodies into account, as every body is unique and it is according to distinctive bodily features, malaise/ailments, and feelings that bodies are moved to act (and in turn touch and move other bodies) and continually become other than they are.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Esse trabalho tem por objetivo investigar o papel do hábito e da confiança na formação da identidade. Ainda que inspirada em estudos que revelam a centralidade da confiança para a constituição das sociedades e examinam sua condição no contexto sócio-cultural contemporâneo, a discussão focaliza essencialmente o domínio do desenvolvimento infantil. Constatando o destaque conferido à confiança pela escola psicanalítica das relações de objeto, a análise do conceito incide prioritariamente na obra de D. W. Winnicott. Partindo do pressuposto que a confiança ocupa um lugar central na metapsicologia do autor, que contrasta com a limitada conceituação teórica que cerca seus diferentes significados e funções, propõe-se estudá-la em dois tempos: os da gênese e da reprodução da confiança. O estudo do conceito de hábito constitui uma etapa prévia e associada ao exame da confiança. Permitindo relevar os aportes corporais e a importância das interações regulares e previsíveis com o ambiente para a gênese da confiança, o hábito é investigado a partir de autores da filosofia e da sociologia. Ressaltam-se os pressupostos comuns e os elementos de convergência entre diferentes teorias do hábito cujas descrições enfatizam sua base corpórea e contornam discussões tradicionais que reduzem sua definição às idéias de repetição e automatismo. Associando-se ao estabelecimento de um contexto seguro pela antecipação das conseqüências da ação, o hábito contribui para a adaptação flexível ao meio e se apresenta como o fundamento inicial da construção da confiança. Em seguida, a investigação se orienta para os mecanismos de reprodução e do exercício da confiança. Submetida às novas configurações funcionais do ambiente que acompanham o desenvolvimento da criança . a redução da segurança, o aumento da autonomia e a liberdade para correr riscos ., a reprodução da confiança reflete a incidência das ações agressivo-criativas no espaço transicional. Além da referência a psicanalistas que partilham os pressupostos centrais da teoria de Winnicott, a análise da confiança é enriquecida a partir das contribuições da psicologia do desenvolvimento atual. O trabalho explora ainda três conquistas no desenvolvimento descritas por Winnicott como relacionadas à confiança: estar só, não-integrar-se e a capacidade de doar. / This work aims to investigate the functions of habit and trust in the constitution of identity. Even tough it is inspired by studies that stress the importance of trust to the constitution of society and its condition in the contemporary socio-cultural context, the discussion focuses basically on the domain of the child development. Noticing the importance of trust for the psychoanalytical school of object relations, the analysis of this concept is mainly examined in the work of D. W. Winnicott. Based on the fact that trust plays a central role in the metapsychological assumptions of this author, which contrasts with a limited theoretical exploration of its multiple meanings, the study proposes to discriminate two moments in its construction: the genesis and the reproduction of trust. The study of habit constitutes a preliminary step for the examination of trust. The analysis of the concept of habit is accomplished through the work of sociologists and philosophers, and intends to reveal the corporeal features and the importance of the regular and reliable interactions with the environment for the genesis of trust. The common presuppositions and the converging elements of different theories of habit are pointed, showing how they tend to emphasize its embodied bases and avoid its description as repetition and automatism. By the provision of security through the anticipation of the consequences of action, habit contributes to the process of flexible adaptation and plays a central role in the construction of trust. Next, the study focuses on the mechanisms of the reproduction of trust. Under the new functional configurations of the environment that follow the development of the child . the reduction of security, the increase of autonomy and freedom of risk taking, the reproduction of trust reflects the incidence of the aggressive-creative actions in the transitional space. In addition to the analysis of the work of psychoanalysts that share with Winnicott some central elements of his theory, the investigation of trust is improved by the contributions provided by recent findings in the domain of developmental psychology. This work also examines three features of infant development described by Winnicott as related to trust: the capacity to be alone, to non-integration and the propensity for gift giving.

In this thesis, I explore the ways the sensory experience of war is staged as a corporeal apprehension of space in the Hollywood war film. Placing an emphasis on films that foreground tactile, and sonic experience in combat as a key dimension of symbolic meaning in the depiction of war, I move beyond the emphasis on optics and weaponised vision that has largely dominated contemporary writing on war and cinema in order to highlight the wider sensory field that is powerfully evoked in this genre. In my conception of war cinema as representing a somatic experience of space, I am applying a term recently developed by Derek Gregory within the theoretical framework of Critical Geography. What he calls “corpography” implies a constant re-mapping of landscape through the soldier's body. Gregory's assumptions can be used as a connection between already established theories of cartographic film narration and ideas of (neo)phenomenological film experience, as they also imply the involvement of the spectator's body in sensuously grasping what is staged as a mediated experience of war. While cinematic codes of war have long been oriented almost exclusively to the visual, the notion of corpography can help to reframe the concept of film genre in terms of expressive movement patterns and genre memory, avoiding reverting to the usual taxonomies of generic texts. The thesis focuses on selected films exemplary of the aesthetic continuities and changes in American cinema's audio-visual representation of war (with each chapter centring on a specific military conflict and historical constellation): All Quiet on the Western Front (1930), Paths of Glory (1957), Objective, Burma! (1945), Fury (2014), Men in War (1957), The Boys in Company C (1978), Rescue Dawn (2006), and Zero Dark Thirty (2012).

L'usage d'humains virtuels s'est démocratisé à de nombreuses activités ces dernières années.Au-delà de la chirurgie virtuelle, les corps virtuels sont de plus en plus utilisés pour concevoir des dispositifs médicaux, des véhicules et des outils de notre quotidien plus généralement.Ils se sont avérés être également d'extraordinaires supports à l'apprentissage de l'anatomie.De récents films (Avatar, Le seigneur des anneaux, etc) ont démontré que l'anatomie et la biomécanique peuvent être utilisées pour concevoir des personnages d'une grande qualité.Cependant, reproduire le comportement des structures anatomiques demeure une tâche complexe, et de nombreuses connaissances variées sont nécéssaires à la mise en place de simulation de qualité de nos organes. Ceci fait de la modélisation pour la simulation d'humains une problématique non résolue, une tâche fastidieuse, mais également un sujet de recherche fascinant.À travers ces travaux de thèse, nous abordons cette problématique de la construction de systèmes musculo-squeletiques pour ces domaines variés : animation, biomécanique et aide à l'apprentissage.Notre objectif est de simplifier le processus entier de création en le rendant plus intuitif et plus rapide.Notre approche consiste à pallier à chacune des difficultés, à savoir : la représentation et la manipulation de connaissances anatomiques, la modélisation géométrique et la simulation efficace de systèmes musculosquelettiques grâce à trois principalescontributions introduites durant ces travaux de recherche.Notre première contribution se focalise sur la construction biomécanique d'un modèle hybride du rachis lombaire.Dans ces travaux, nous montrons que les approches hybrides combinant des systèmes de corps rigides et des modèles éléments finis permettent d'obtenir des simulations en temps intéractifs, précises, et respectant les principes de l'anatomie et de la mécanique.Notre seconde contribution s'intéresse aux problématiques liées à la complexité des connaissances anatomiques, physiologiques et fonctionnelles. En se basant sur une ontologie de l'anatomie et une ontologie inédite de la physiologie humaine, nous introduisonsun pipeline pour la construction automatique de modèles simulant les fonctions de nos organes.Celles-ci permettent d'exploiter les connaissances anatomiques complexes via des requêtes simples.Les sorties de ces requêtes sont utilisées pour créer des modèles simulables retranscrivant les aspects fonctionnels tels qu'ils ont été formalisés et décrits par les anatomistes.Enfin, notre troisième contribution : le transfert d'anatomie, permet d'adapter les modèles géométriques et mécaniques à la morphologie de patients spécifiques.Cette nouvelle méthode de recalage permet de reconstruire automatiquement l'anatomie interne d'un personnage défini par sa peau en transférant les organes d'un personnage de référence.Elle permet de pallier à la nécessité de re-construire ces géometries pour chaque nouvelle simulation, et contribue ainsi à accélérer la mise en place de simulations spécifiques à une grande variété d'individus de morphologie différente. / The use of virtual humans has spread in various activities in recent years.Beyond virtual surgery, virtual bodies are increasingly used to design medical devices, vehicles, and daily life hardware more generally.They also turn out to be extraordinary supports to learn anatomy.Recent movies (Avatar, Lord of the Rings, etc) demonstrated that anatomy and biomechanics can be used to design high-quality characters.However, reproducing the behavior of anatomical structures remains a complex task, and a great amount and variety of knowledge is necessary for setting up high quality simulations.This makes the modeling of human body for simulation purposes an open problem, a tedious task, but also a fascinating research subject.Through this PhD, we address the problem of the construction of biomechanical models of the musculoskeletal systems for several domains : animation, biomechanics and teaching.Our goal is to simplify the entire process of model design by making it more intuitive and faster.Our approach is to address each difficulty : the representation and use of anatomical knowledge, the geometrical modeling and the efficient simulation of the musculoskeletal system thanks to three novel contributions introduced during these research works.Our first contribution focuses on the biomechanical construction of a hybrid model of lumbar spine.In this work, we show that hybrid approaches that combine both rigid body systems and finite element models allow interactive simulations, accurate, while respecting the principles of anatomy and mechanics.Our second contribution addresses the problem of the complexity of anatomical, physiological and functional knowledge.Based on a novel ontology of anatomical functions of the human body, we introduce a novel pipeline to automatically build models that simulate physiological functions of our bodies.The ontology allows us to extract detailed knowledge using simple queries.The outputs of these queries are used to set up simulation models of the functional aspects as they were formalized and described by anatomists.Finally our third contribution, the anatomy transfer, allows the mapping of available geometrical and mechanical models to the morphology of any specific individual.This novel registration method enables the automatic construction of the internal anatomy of any character defined by his skin, by transferring organs from a reference character.It allows to overcome the need to re-construct these geometries for each new simulation, and it contributes to accelerate the simulations setup for a range of people with different morph

Submitted by FÁBIO LUIZ ANDRADE (fabioluizandrade@uol.com.br) on 2016-06-27T16:41:17Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ALAVANCAS DO CORPO HUMANO.pdf: 3431682 bytes, checksum: d414ab3da1cbc6400d98e1993857da8b (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Juliano Benedito Ferreira (julianoferreira@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-06-28T19:33:05Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 andrade_fl_me_prud.pdf: 3431682 bytes, checksum: d414ab3da1cbc6400d98e1993857da8b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-28T19:33:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 andrade_fl_me_prud.pdf: 3431682 bytes, checksum: d414ab3da1cbc6400d98e1993857da8b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-12-18 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Essa dissertação evidenciou conceitos da Física – Alavancas, que se inter-relacionam com os da Biologia, os quais explicam o funcionamento de algumas funções do corpo humano. Estes foram abordados de forma interdisciplinar, por meio de aulas teóricas e práticas, com atividades de experimentação, para que dessa forma os alunos possam assimilar melhor os conceitos complexos que as alavancas proporcionam e saibam identificá-los no dia a dia. Para tanto é fundamental que o aluno compreenda os princípios da Física no estudo do movimento humano; estabelecendo relações entre sistemas esquelético muscular a as alavancas, ao construir alavancas que apresentem movimentos similares aos principais grupos ósteo – musculares de um braço do corpo humano. / In this work we tried to address concepts of physics - levers, which are interrelated with those of Biology, which explain the operation of some functions of the human body. These will be addressed in an interdisciplinary way, through theoretical and practical lessons, with experimentation activities, so that way students can better grasp these concepts and know how to identify them on a daily basis. For this it is essential that the student understands the principles of physics in the study of human movement; establishing relationships between muscular skeletal systems the levers, to build levers that exhibit similar movements to the main osteo groups - muscle of a human body arm.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Esse trabalho tem por objetivo investigar o papel do hábito e da confiança na formação da identidade. Ainda que inspirada em estudos que revelam a centralidade da confiança para a constituição das sociedades e examinam sua condição no contexto sócio-cultural contemporâneo, a discussão focaliza essencialmente o domínio do desenvolvimento infantil. Constatando o destaque conferido à confiança pela escola psicanalítica das relações de objeto, a análise do conceito incide prioritariamente na obra de D. W. Winnicott. Partindo do pressuposto que a confiança ocupa um lugar central na metapsicologia do autor, que contrasta com a limitada conceituação teórica que cerca seus diferentes significados e funções, propõe-se estudá-la em dois tempos: os da gênese e da reprodução da confiança. O estudo do conceito de hábito constitui uma etapa prévia e associada ao exame da confiança. Permitindo relevar os aportes corporais e a importância das interações regulares e previsíveis com o ambiente para a gênese da confiança, o hábito é investigado a partir de autores da filosofia e da sociologia. Ressaltam-se os pressupostos comuns e os elementos de convergência entre diferentes teorias do hábito cujas descrições enfatizam sua base corpórea e contornam discussões tradicionais que reduzem sua definição às idéias de repetição e automatismo. Associando-se ao estabelecimento de um contexto seguro pela antecipação das conseqüências da ação, o hábito contribui para a adaptação flexível ao meio e se apresenta como o fundamento inicial da construção da confiança. Em seguida, a investigação se orienta para os mecanismos de reprodução e do exercício da confiança. Submetida às novas configurações funcionais do ambiente que acompanham o desenvolvimento da criança . a redução da segurança, o aumento da autonomia e a liberdade para correr riscos ., a reprodução da confiança reflete a incidência das ações agressivo-criativas no espaço transicional. Além da referência a psicanalistas que partilham os pressupostos centrais da teoria de Winnicott, a análise da confiança é enriquecida a partir das contribuições da psicologia do desenvolvimento atual. O trabalho explora ainda três conquistas no desenvolvimento descritas por Winnicott como relacionadas à confiança: estar só, não-integrar-se e a capacidade de doar. / This work aims to investigate the functions of habit and trust in the constitution of identity. Even tough it is inspired by studies that stress the importance of trust to the constitution of society and its condition in the contemporary socio-cultural context, the discussion focuses basically on the domain of the child development. Noticing the importance of trust for the psychoanalytical school of object relations, the analysis of this concept is mainly examined in the work of D. W. Winnicott. Based on the fact that trust plays a central role in the metapsychological assumptions of this author, which contrasts with a limited theoretical exploration of its multiple meanings, the study proposes to discriminate two moments in its construction: the genesis and the reproduction of trust. The study of habit constitutes a preliminary step for the examination of trust. The analysis of the concept of habit is accomplished through the work of sociologists and philosophers, and intends to reveal the corporeal features and the importance of the regular and reliable interactions with the environment for the genesis of trust. The common presuppositions and the converging elements of different theories of habit are pointed, showing how they tend to emphasize its embodied bases and avoid its description as repetition and automatism. By the provision of security through the anticipation of the consequences of action, habit contributes to the process of flexible adaptation and plays a central role in the construction of trust. Next, the study focuses on the mechanisms of the reproduction of trust. Under the new functional configurations of the environment that follow the development of the child . the reduction of security, the increase of autonomy and freedom of risk taking, the reproduction of trust reflects the incidence of the aggressive-creative actions in the transitional space. In addition to the analysis of the work of psychoanalysts that share with Winnicott some central elements of his theory, the investigation of trust is improved by the contributions provided by recent findings in the domain of developmental psychology. This work also examines three features of infant development described by Winnicott as related to trust: the capacity to be alone, to non-integration and the propensity for gift giving.