Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T20:21:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ailton Siqueira de Sousa Fonseca.pdf: 1117902 bytes, checksum: cfcce7a0e9de407e13026cd7f5abaf7e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-06-26 / Clarice Lispector s works unveil a complex Weltanschauung, both in relation to the cosmos and man s condition. Her literature is a bold and introspective plunging into the mysteries of being. In her plots things are always in the making. Her narratives are erratic as though the characters were searching the origin or the starting point of things. In this search, Lispector is faced with the unaccountable and mysterious beauty of being, with the complex human condition, which is beyond rationalization and regulating norms. The present thesis is an open reflection, an invitation to a dialogue on the human condition in Clarice Lispector s works. It stems from the novel A Maçã no Escuro, where, we believe, it is possible to notice man start his very own odyssey. Martim, the protagonist, is the man through whom it will be possible to journey through Lispector s work as a whole and to build a dialogue with other characters engendered by her. Martim is an archetypical character. This novel is here considered as a core-novel, where the subject experiences the anthropological problem of remaking himself from his roots, of becoming what he is. Therefore, this thesis has been organized around Martim s experiences, presented both in a continuous and in a discontinuous way / A obra de Clarice Lispector abriga uma complexa cosmovisão de mundo e de homem. Sua literatura é um mergulho profundo e introspectivo nos mistérios da condição do ser. Em suas tramas as coisas estão sempre se fazendo. Suas narrativas são erráticas como se estivessem em busca da origem ou dos princípios das coisas. Nessa busca, a escritora se depara com a inominável e misteriosa beleza do ser, com a complexa condição humana que está para além dos rigores disciplinares e racionalizações. Esta tese é uma reflexão aberta ao outro, ao diálogo sobre a condição humana na obra de Clarice Lispector. Parte do romance A maçã no escuro porque é nele que, acreditamos, podemos melhor perceber o homem inaugurando a odisséia de si mesmo. Martim, o protagonista, é esse homem a partir do qual será possível passear pela obra da escritora e dialogar com outros personagens criados por ela. Martim é um personagem arquetípico. Esse romance é considerado, aqui, um romance-núcleo, no qual o sujeito vive o problema antropológico de se refazer pela raiz, de se tornar o que é. A tese, portanto, está organizada em torno das experiências de Martim, esse personagem cujas experiências se apresentam de forma contínua e descontínua

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T20:22:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rafael Araujo.pdf: 36212890 bytes, checksum: bb4f853dfec8cd0b698c88003e5eaf87 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-06-08 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This paper portrays different ways of experiencing horror, from the existing relationship between art and thought, looking for understanding some of the political forces that act over humanity in distinct contexts. We start off by the principle that experience of horror accompanies mankind since the first social forms and, through it, it s possible to look at the human condition and situations generated by the difficult sociability. The analysis of these difficulties involves the recognition of circumstances that act over humanity and set violence situations, impotence and suffering. The experience of horror in face of world s reality starts off by the individual itself attesting the Cartesian rationality consequences, and broadens toward the collective, revealing social and political problems, specially with modernity, when the work world asserts itself to mankind in an absolute way and life becomes something disposable. The pieces of artwork selected to the study express different ways of horror, produced in distinct contexts of oppression and carry on themselves important information about the worldly reality. The analysis of these works allowed new perspectives and established a dialogue with some thinker s ideas. In front of the absurd of the world, in which assignments appear to be tragic by its unachievement, an affirmative thought points to a creative way of existing, which diagnoses, values and potentiate life / Este trabalho apresenta um mapeamento de diferentes formas de experiência do horror, a partir da relação existente entre arte e pensamento, procurando entender algumas das forças políticas que atuam sobre os homens em distintos contextos. Partimos do princípio de que a experiência do horror acompanha o homem desde as primeiras formas sociais e, através dessa experiência, é possível lançar um olhar sobre a condição humana e sobre as situações geradas pela difícil sociabilidade. A análise dessas dificuldades implica o reconhecimento das circunstâncias que atuam sobre os homens e configuram situações de violência, impotência e sofrimento. A experiência do horror frente à realidade do mundo parte do próprio indivíduo, atestando as conseqüências da racionalidade cartesiana, e se amplia em direção ao coletivo, revelando problemas políticos e sociais, especialmente a partir da modernidade, quando o mundo do trabalho impõe-se ao homem de forma absoluta e a vida torna-se algo descartável. As obras de arte selecionadas para o estudo expressam diferentes formas de horror; foram produzidas em contextos distintos e carregam em si mesmas informações importantes sobre a realidade mundana. A análise das obras permitiu que novas perspectivas surgissem e estabelecessem um diálogo com as idéias de alguns pensadores. Diante do absurdo do mundo, em que as tarefas mostram-se trágicas por sua irrealização, um pensamento afirmativo aponta para um modo de existir criativo, que diagnostica, valoriza e potencializa a vida

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T14:56:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ailton Siqueira de Sousa Fonseca.pdf: 1117902 bytes, checksum: cfcce7a0e9de407e13026cd7f5abaf7e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-06-26 / Clarice Lispector s works unveil a complex Weltanschauung, both in relation to the cosmos and man s condition. Her literature is a bold and introspective plunging into the mysteries of being. In her plots things are always in the making. Her narratives are erratic as though the characters were searching the origin or the starting point of things. In this search, Lispector is faced with the unaccountable and mysterious beauty of being, with the complex human condition, which is beyond rationalization and regulating norms. The present thesis is an open reflection, an invitation to a dialogue on the human condition in Clarice Lispector s works. It stems from the novel A Maçã no Escuro, where, we believe, it is possible to notice man start his very own odyssey. Martim, the protagonist, is the man through whom it will be possible to journey through Lispector s work as a whole and to build a dialogue with other characters engendered by her. Martim is an archetypical character. This novel is here considered as a core-novel, where the subject experiences the anthropological problem of remaking himself from his roots, of becoming what he is. Therefore, this thesis has been organized around Martim s experiences, presented both in a continuous and in a discontinuous way / A obra de Clarice Lispector abriga uma complexa cosmovisão de mundo e de homem. Sua literatura é um mergulho profundo e introspectivo nos mistérios da condição do ser. Em suas tramas as coisas estão sempre se fazendo. Suas narrativas são erráticas como se estivessem em busca da origem ou dos princípios das coisas. Nessa busca, a escritora se depara com a inominável e misteriosa beleza do ser, com a complexa condição humana que está para além dos rigores disciplinares e racionalizações. Esta tese é uma reflexão aberta ao outro, ao diálogo sobre a condição humana na obra de Clarice Lispector. Parte do romance A maçã no escuro porque é nele que, acreditamos, podemos melhor perceber o homem inaugurando a odisséia de si mesmo. Martim, o protagonista, é esse homem a partir do qual será possível passear pela obra da escritora e dialogar com outros personagens criados por ela. Martim é um personagem arquetípico. Esse romance é considerado, aqui, um romance-núcleo, no qual o sujeito vive o problema antropológico de se refazer pela raiz, de se tornar o que é. A tese, portanto, está organizada em torno das experiências de Martim, esse personagem cujas experiências se apresentam de forma contínua e descontínua

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T14:57:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rafael Araujo.pdf: 36212890 bytes, checksum: bb4f853dfec8cd0b698c88003e5eaf87 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-06-08 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This paper portrays different ways of experiencing horror, from the existing relationship between art and thought, looking for understanding some of the political forces that act over humanity in distinct contexts. We start off by the principle that experience of horror accompanies mankind since the first social forms and, through it, it s possible to look at the human condition and situations generated by the difficult sociability. The analysis of these difficulties involves the recognition of circumstances that act over humanity and set violence situations, impotence and suffering. The experience of horror in face of world s reality starts off by the individual itself attesting the Cartesian rationality consequences, and broadens toward the collective, revealing social and political problems, specially with modernity, when the work world asserts itself to mankind in an absolute way and life becomes something disposable. The pieces of artwork selected to the study express different ways of horror, produced in distinct contexts of oppression and carry on themselves important information about the worldly reality. The analysis of these works allowed new perspectives and established a dialogue with some thinker s ideas. In front of the absurd of the world, in which assignments appear to be tragic by its unachievement, an affirmative thought points to a creative way of existing, which diagnoses, values and potentiate life / Este trabalho apresenta um mapeamento de diferentes formas de experiência do horror, a partir da relação existente entre arte e pensamento, procurando entender algumas das forças políticas que atuam sobre os homens em distintos contextos. Partimos do princípio de que a experiência do horror acompanha o homem desde as primeiras formas sociais e, através dessa experiência, é possível lançar um olhar sobre a condição humana e sobre as situações geradas pela difícil sociabilidade. A análise dessas dificuldades implica o reconhecimento das circunstâncias que atuam sobre os homens e configuram situações de violência, impotência e sofrimento. A experiência do horror frente à realidade do mundo parte do próprio indivíduo, atestando as conseqüências da racionalidade cartesiana, e se amplia em direção ao coletivo, revelando problemas políticos e sociais, especialmente a partir da modernidade, quando o mundo do trabalho impõe-se ao homem de forma absoluta e a vida torna-se algo descartável. As obras de arte selecionadas para o estudo expressam diferentes formas de horror; foram produzidas em contextos distintos e carregam em si mesmas informações importantes sobre a realidade mundana. A análise das obras permitiu que novas perspectivas surgissem e estabelecessem um diálogo com as idéias de alguns pensadores. Diante do absurdo do mundo, em que as tarefas mostram-se trágicas por sua irrealização, um pensamento afirmativo aponta para um modo de existir criativo, que diagnostica, valoriza e potencializa a vida

Verifica e analisa o encadeamento ideológico utilizado por Homero para ordenar as mortes dos principais heróis gregos do ciclo épico; o ideal guerreiro da bela morte e o ideal heróico da glória imperecível; o destino do homem comum e o destino do herói; a vontade de Zeus e o plano de Zeus; a morte dos heróis; os jogos fúnebres, registrados na Ilíada e na Odisséia. Para a coleta dos dados utiliza-se de leitura sistemática, abrangendo textos de autores antigos e de autores contemporâneos, verificando o comportamento dos helenos do período Homérico diante da morte. Aponta como principais resultados: há um encadeamento ideológico que liga as mortes dos principais heróis homéricos, tecido pelo poeta e baseado no ciclo épico; há um plano de Zeus para eliminar os principais heróis porque as mortes destes heróis causam sofrimento nos deuses; as crenças na vida depois da morte e os processos funerários adotados pelos gregos do período Homérico ainda estavam em formação; os antigos gregos não mantinham uma crença sistemática em uma idéia de ressurreição da alma ou em uma idéia de vida pós-morte. Conclui que há uma diretriz ideológica que ordena a trama épica nos poemas homéricos; esta ordenação leva os heróis a cumprirem seus destinos, seguindo um encadeamento que leva em consideração o grau de honra e excelência guerreira; os ritos fúnebres dos gregos do período Homérico estavam se consolidando e Homero colaborou neste processo de consolidação, que já estava concretizado no período Clássico. / It verifies and analyzes the enchainment ideological used for Homer to order the death of Greek heroes principal of the epic cycle; the warrior ideal of the death beauty and the heroic ideal of the imperishable glory; the fate of the common man and the fate of the hero; the will of Zeus and the plain of Zeus; the death of heroes; the funeral games, registered in the Iliad and Odyssey. The data were obtained through: systematical reading of texts produced by ancients authors and by contemporarys authors, verifying the behavior of the Greeks of the Homeric period in the face of death. It points to as main results: there is a enchainment ideological what tie the deaths of the Homeric heroes principal, weaved for the poet and based in the epic cycle; there is a plain of Zeus to eliminate the heroes principal because the death these heroes cause suffering in the gods; the believe in the afterlife and the funerals processes adopted to the Greeks of Homeric period still were in formation; the Greek ancients not keep one systematic belief in one idea of resurrection of the soul or in one idea of life after-death. It finishes that there is a ideological directrix what order the epic plot in the Homeric poems; this ordering carry the heroes to accomplish their fates, following a enchainment what take into account the degree of the honor and warrior excellence; the funerals rites of the Greeks of Homeric period were consolidating and Homer collaborate in this process of the consolidation, what already was materialized in the Classic period.

Nikos Kazantzakis� Captain Michales is a freedom fighter in nineteenth century Crete. Patrick White�s Voss is a German explorer in nineteenth century Australia. Two men struggling for achievement, their disparate social contexts united in the same fundamental search for meaning. This thesis makes comparison of these different struggles through thematic analysis of the texts, examining within the narratives the role of food, perceptions of body and soul, landscapes, gender relations, home-coming and religious experience. Themes from the novels are extracted and intertwined, within a range of theoretical frameworks: history, anthropology, science, literary and social theories, religion and politics; allowing close investigation of each novel�s social, political and historical particularities, as well as their underlying discussion of perennial human issues. These novels are each essentially explorations of the human experience. Read together, they highlight the commonest of human elements, most poignantly the need for communion; facilitating analysis of the individual and all our communities. Comparing the two novels also continues the process of each: examining the self both within and outside of the narratives, producing a new textual self, arising from both primary sources and the contextual breadth of such rewriting.

The aim of this study is to show how a possible philosophy of life can arise from Bergson&rsquo / s conception of time. In realizing this aim, I appeal to Hadot&rsquo / s description of the paradox of the human condition. I claim that in order to understand how a Bergsonian philosophy of life through Bergson&rsquo / s conception of time would arise we need to understand the paradox of the human condition. The reason for this is that there are a lot of dualities in Bergson&rsquo / s philosophy all of which, I claim, are based on this fundamental duality concerning the human condition. I believe that when this paradox and its possible resolution are restated in Bergsonian notions, a Bergsonian philosophy of life that consists of a life sub specie durationis, that is a life under the aspect of duration, would arise. Hadot considered the paradox within the context of phenomenology alone. This made me proceed by searching for other approaches to the paradox within Bergson&rsquo / s philosophy. I realized that the attempts in finding out possible solutions to this problem cannot be found in the context of phenomenology alone and that the vitalist and the existentialist aspects have to be considered in order to remain faithful to Bergson&rsquo / s philosophy as well as in order to construct a Bergsonian philosophy of life. The phenomenological aspect of the paradox arises around Bergson&rsquo / s notion of displacement of attention and when the notion of dur&eacute / e r&eacute / elle is considered with consciousness in the light of the notion of intensity. The vitalist aspect enters into our discussion when we analyze Bergson&rsquo / s notion of &eacute / lan vital around the consideration of true evolution. I believe that the existentialist aspect of the paradox of the human condition comes from Bergson&rsquo / s notion of freedom around the discussion of the superficial and the fundamental self. It emerges if the individual asks himself how to deal with this paradox that in turn defines his struggle to transform the tension the paradox involves and that tells him to bring his own attitude towards it.

Nikos Kazantzakis� Captain Michales is a freedom fighter in nineteenth century Crete. Patrick White�s Voss is a German explorer in nineteenth century Australia. Two men struggling for achievement, their disparate social contexts united in the same fundamental search for meaning. This thesis makes comparison of these different struggles through thematic analysis of the texts, examining within the narratives the role of food, perceptions of body and soul, landscapes, gender relations, home-coming and religious experience. Themes from the novels are extracted and intertwined, within a range of theoretical frameworks: history, anthropology, science, literary and social theories, religion and politics; allowing close investigation of each novel�s social, political and historical particularities, as well as their underlying discussion of perennial human issues. These novels are each essentially explorations of the human experience. Read together, they highlight the commonest of human elements, most poignantly the need for communion; facilitating analysis of the individual and all our communities. Comparing the two novels also continues the process of each: examining the self both within and outside of the narratives, producing a new textual self, arising from both primary sources and the contextual breadth of such rewriting.

Verifica e analisa o encadeamento ideológico utilizado por Homero para ordenar as mortes dos principais heróis gregos do ciclo épico; o ideal guerreiro da bela morte e o ideal heróico da glória imperecível; o destino do homem comum e o destino do herói; a vontade de Zeus e o plano de Zeus; a morte dos heróis; os jogos fúnebres, registrados na Ilíada e na Odisséia. Para a coleta dos dados utiliza-se de leitura sistemática, abrangendo textos de autores antigos e de autores contemporâneos, verificando o comportamento dos helenos do período Homérico diante da morte. Aponta como principais resultados: há um encadeamento ideológico que liga as mortes dos principais heróis homéricos, tecido pelo poeta e baseado no ciclo épico; há um plano de Zeus para eliminar os principais heróis porque as mortes destes heróis causam sofrimento nos deuses; as crenças na vida depois da morte e os processos funerários adotados pelos gregos do período Homérico ainda estavam em formação; os antigos gregos não mantinham uma crença sistemática em uma idéia de ressurreição da alma ou em uma idéia de vida pós-morte. Conclui que há uma diretriz ideológica que ordena a trama épica nos poemas homéricos; esta ordenação leva os heróis a cumprirem seus destinos, seguindo um encadeamento que leva em consideração o grau de honra e excelência guerreira; os ritos fúnebres dos gregos do período Homérico estavam se consolidando e Homero colaborou neste processo de consolidação, que já estava concretizado no período Clássico. / It verifies and analyzes the enchainment ideological used for Homer to order the death of Greek heroes principal of the epic cycle; the warrior ideal of the death beauty and the heroic ideal of the imperishable glory; the fate of the common man and the fate of the hero; the will of Zeus and the plain of Zeus; the death of heroes; the funeral games, registered in the Iliad and Odyssey. The data were obtained through: systematical reading of texts produced by ancients authors and by contemporarys authors, verifying the behavior of the Greeks of the Homeric period in the face of death. It points to as main results: there is a enchainment ideological what tie the deaths of the Homeric heroes principal, weaved for the poet and based in the epic cycle; there is a plain of Zeus to eliminate the heroes principal because the death these heroes cause suffering in the gods; the believe in the afterlife and the funerals processes adopted to the Greeks of Homeric period still were in formation; the Greek ancients not keep one systematic belief in one idea of resurrection of the soul or in one idea of life after-death. It finishes that there is a ideological directrix what order the epic plot in the Homeric poems; this ordering carry the heroes to accomplish their fates, following a enchainment what take into account the degree of the honor and warrior excellence; the funerals rites of the Greeks of Homeric period were consolidating and Homer collaborate in this process of the consolidation, what already was materialized in the Classic period.

While most of the Law and Literature books and articles stress from the beginning the distinction between Law in Literature and Law as Literature, my approach is from the standpoint of Law teaching. A course on Law and Literature will help the students not only to write better, but it may convey the students facts that surround the work of the formal legal systemas the human condition or the legal culture, as well as a legal perspective thatis, so to speak, engraved in the human mind. The so-called didactic school is treated and criticized. The distinction between Law in Literature and Law as Literature cuts across the whole work. / Mientras en la mayoría de trabajos sobre Derecho y literatura desde el inicio se hace la distinción entre derecho en la literatura y derecho como literatura, en el presente trabajo la aproximación es desde el punto de vista de la enseñanza del derecho. Lo que se postula es que un curso sobre derecho y literatura tendrá efectos en los aspectos formales de la educación jurídica (aprender a escribir bien), pero también le mostrará al estudiante diversos aspectos de la realidad, como el conocimiento de las interioridades de la psiquis humana y la influencia del entorno en las actividades de los individuos, el entendimiento de la cultura legal y la captación de que determinadas categorías jurídicas son, en cierto modo, instintivas. También se aborda y critica la que se denomina tesis edificante. La distinción entre derecho en la literatura y derecho como literatura corta transversalmente las diversas materias tratadas.