No description available.

Production and consumption of edible berries are increasing rapidly in the United States, mostly due to their superior flavor profile, and popular diet-related value with their human health relevant bioactives and nutritional benefits. However, bioactive and nutritional qualities, especially human health protective phenolic antioxidants and associated non-communicable chronic disease (NCD) relevant health benefits of berries vary widely among accessions/cultivars and due to different production practices (organic vs conventional). Therefore, the aim of this thesis was to screen and select high phenolic and high antioxidant serviceberry and blackberry accessions/cultivars and to investigate the effect of different weed management and fertilization (organic vs. conventional) practices on phenolic bioactive linked antioxidant and anti-diabetic properties of blackberry using in vitro assay models. Overall, high phenolic-bioactive linked antioxidant and anti-hyperglycemic properties were observed in both serviceberry and blackberry accessions/cultivars and further for blackberry it was significantly higher under organic weed management and fertilization practices.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) carries a high prevalence in the United States and worldwide. Therefore, the number of medication classes being developed and studied has grown. The individualized management of diabetes is accomplished by evaluating a medication's efficacy, safety, and cost, along with the patient's preference and tolerance to the medication. Sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors are a new therapeutic class indicated for the treatment of diabetes and have a unique mechanism of action, independent of beta-cell function. The first agent approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) was canagliflozin in March 2013. Two agents - dapagliflozin and empagliflozin - were FDA-approved in January and July 2014, respectively. A clear understanding of the new class is needed to identify its appropriate use in clinical practice. Members of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy Endocrine and Metabolism Practice and Research Network reviewed available literature regarding this therapeutic class. The article addresses the advantages, disadvantages, emerging role, and patient education for sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors. Key limitations for this article include limited access to clinical trial data not published by the pharmaceutical company and limited data on products produced outside the United States.

No description available.

Advanced practice providers (APPs), consisting of nurse practitioners and physician assistants, face many challenges in the provision of evidence-based practice in their management of hospitalized adult patients with diabetes. Some of the barriers faced by APPs at a Northeast acute care facility are poor communication between disciplines, lack of confidence in initiating insulin, limited understanding of the management of insulin and the insulin pump, and insufficient treatment of the hospitalized patient with diabetes that aligns with current clinical guidelines for the management of inpatient hyperglycemia. This quality improvement project focused on the development of an evidence-based theory supported educational intervention to improve APPs' knowledge regarding glycemic management. An interdisciplinary team created the educational intervention using the analyze, design, develop, implement, and evaluate (ADDIE) instructional model. A 10-member expert panel validated the program utilizing both a formative and summative evaluation. The results from the formative evaluation was discussed with the interdisciplinary team, corrections were made, and was returned to the expert panel. Once the changes were made to the satisfaction of the expert panel, the program was then validated and submitted to the institution as a completed project to be used by the institution for APPs. This project addresses social change by increasing awareness in the management of inpatients with diabetes therefore decreasing fragmented care delivered by the APPs which will improve quality of care and patient safety.

Doctor Educationis / Diabetes has since been a global epidemic; an estimated 5.0 million deaths of diabetes in the world have been recorded; one in 11 adults have diabetes (415 million); and by 2040, one adult in 10 (642 million) will have diabetes. In Africa, more than two thirds of people with diabetes are undiagnosed, and 42 million have diabetes in the Sub-Saharan region with 324 877 adult deaths in South Africa (IDF, 2015). The global prevalence (age-standardized) of diabetes has nearly doubled since 1980, rising from 4.7% to 8.5% in the adult population. This reflects an increase associated with risk factors such as overweight or obese (WHO, 2016). Medicinal plants on the other hand, have played a significant role in the treatment and prevention of diabetes for centuries. In South Africa, indigenous medicinal plants have increasingly been used in the treatment of diabetes. In this study, a new anti-diabetes herbal compound named Jiang Tang 2016 (JT2016), made of three well researched South African indigenous medicinal plants is investigated for its hypoglycemic effects in HFD/STZ induced diabetic SD rats. These plants have been used for centuries in the indigenous system of medicine against various ailments, they are easily accessible, they grow in abundance, and are economically sustainable

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(人間・環境学) / 甲第20464号 / 人博第814号 / 新制||人||195(附属図書館) / 28||人博||814(吉田南総合図書館) / 京都大学大学院人間・環境学研究科共生人間学専攻 / (主査)教授 林 達也, 教授 石原 昭彦, 准教授 久代 恵介 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Human and Environmental Studies / Kyoto University / DGAM

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.