Thèse (M.A.) -- Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 2003. / Bibliogr.: f. [56]-57. Document électronique également accessible en format PDF. CaQCU

It is necessary to state clearly at the outset of this essay that the field comprising Book Illustration is extremely complex. This is not difficult to appreciate when one considers that the term "Book Illustration" covers both the highly developed art forms such as are found for example in the Book of Kells; and at the same time such cheap and shallow examples as are found in magazines and books that are churned out for the million. Therefore it becomes necessary to draw a sharp distinction between what could be called "inferior" and "superior" quality of Book Illustration. (a) I see this dividing line being drawn between two fundamentally divergent attitudes: the one involves a purely external and decorative approach which lacks real artistic value; (b) and the other, which is the result of the dynamic collaboration between an author and an artist to produce work founded on deep and rich artistic principles. (c) For the sake of clarity I wish to take this idea of a division a step further, and to suggest that within the "superior" bracket there is also a continuing scale of improvement and bettering, which culminates in an idealised state which could be called "TOTAL COLLABORATION" between an author and an artist.

This study aims at investigating teaching of idioms by means of illustrations and teaching of idioms by means of definitions. The informants of the experiment are learners of English in a Swedish high school. The 58 informants of this experiment were tested on a total of 19 idioms. These idioms were carefully chosen in order to make sure that they would not already be known by the informants. Another key factor while choosing the idioms was the possibility to find appropriate illustrations for these idioms. The chosen illustrations depict either the literal or the metaphorical meaning of the idioms. The informants were administered one pre-test and two post-tests (short- and long-term retention tests) to measure the retention rate. The pre-test was used to check if both groups had similar knowledge of the selected idioms and therefore could be comparable. The results of this experiment show that students taught by the use of illustrations had a better short- and long-term retention rate than students taught only by the use of definitions. In both the short- and long-term retention test, informants taught by the use of illustrations outperformed informants taught through definition by more than 10%. This study therefore indicates that the use of illustrations while teaching should not be neglected by teachers and can be a powerful tool to enhance students’ retention of chosen items such as vocabulary or idioms.

This thesis is under the name of Johan Wolfgang Goethe, Faust and has a theoretical and practical form, whereas is divided into three parts. The theoretical part deals mainly about Faust analysis, Johann Wolfgang Goethe´s work, further author´s life and personality are summarized in general level. The practical part is dedicated to the book design and illustrations for this work. The third didactic part creates on the basis of findings from the theoretical and practical part base for lesson of art education in the framework of the educational expertise.

Summaries in Afrikaans and English / What influences ministers to use specific illustrations in their sermons? Does previous secular job experience or hobbies/interests have an effect? A study was done amongst ministers in the Mosselbay area. The following conclusions were made: The longer the minister had been in the ministry, the more diverse the illustrations used. Previous secular job experience had more diverse illustrations at an earlier age. Personal interests featured strongly in illustrations but training institutions had no real influence. Lady ministers had more personal/family orientated illustrations. People are naturally inquisitive to hear the lifestory of others and compare this to their own. The Bible is a book of many life stories illustrating God's involvement therein. The preacher should give contemporary illustrations understandable to the relevant congregation to show even in this modern world God's human face and merciful heart as He is involved in our lives. / Wat beinvloed predikante om spesif ieke illustrasies te gebruik in hul preke? Het vorige werksondervinding (nie-teologies)/belangstelling 'n invloed? 'n Studie was gedoen ender predikante in die Mosselbaai area. Die volgende afleidings is gemaak: Hoe langer 'n predikant in die bediening, hoe meer uiteenlopend die aard van illustrasies. Vorige werksondervinding gee meer diverse illustrasies op 'n jonger ouderdom. Persoonlike belangstellings kom sterk na vore maar spesifieke leerskole het nie 'n groot invloed op illustrasies nie. Dames predikante maak meer gebruik van persoonlike/familie georienteerde illustrasies. Die mens is van nature nuuskierig en wil sy eie lewensondervinding altyd vergelyk met sy medemens. Die Bybel is 'n boek van vele lewenservarings en God se invloed daarin. In die prediking van die Evangelie meet die prediker hedendaagse, toepaslike illustrasies gebruik relevant en verstaanbaar vir sy gehoor. So leer ons dat God steeds vandag met 'n menslike natuur en Godelike liefde in elke mens se lewe teenwoordig is en werk. / Philosophy, Practical and Systematic Theology / M. Th. (Practical Theology)

Nos últimos anos, temos nos deparado com a difusão maciça e a popularização crescente de descrições biológicas para aspectos outrora pensados como mentais, sociais, ou relacionais. Visível em diversas arenas leigas e científicas, esta tendência freqüentemente elege o cérebro como o órgão privilegiado da sua atenção. A cada semana é divulgada uma nova localização cerebral correlacionada os mais variados aspectos comportamentais e ou de personalidade. Acompanhando este movimento, é notável o esforço intelectual e financeiro despendido nos últimos anos no campo da saúde mental, no sentido de fazer avançar pesquisas cujo foco central é a descoberta das bases neurobiológicas dos transtornos mentais. Esta tendência apontaria na direção de uma fusão entre a psiquiatria e a neurologia em uma disciplina única, de teor fisicalista, chamada por alguns de cerebrologia. Dentre os acontecimentos que serviram de alicerce para a legitimação e a popularização desta tendência, o desenvolvimento nas últimas décadas de novas técnicas e tecnologias de visualização médica, como a tomografia por emissão de pósitrons (PET scan) e a ressonância magnética funcional (fMRI), foi fundamental. Elas permitiram a construção de imagens das mais diversas categorias nosográficas construídas no campo psiquiátrico, veiculando tacitamente uma série de pressupostos e promessas. Malgrado o imaginário cultural sustentado por estas tecnologias e todo o esforço despendido nas últimas décadas no sentido de se tentar localizar os marcadores biológicos dos transtornos psiquiátricos, não há, até o presente momento, nenhum resultado conclusivo que autorize o diagnóstico por imagem de nosografias como a esquizofrenia, a depressão, e muito menos o jogo patológico. Apesar de todo o alarde midiático e dos montantes milionários direcionados para pesquisas nesta área, os resultados concretos obtidos até agora não estão livres das mais ferozes controvérsias. Entretanto, ainda que estejamos muito longe da construção de mapas precisos para as perturbações mentais é espantoso o poder de convencimento que as neuro-imagens comportam na atualidade. Os scans são exibidos como verdades visuais, ou fatos acerca das pessoas e do mundo, numa proporção muito superior aos dados que apresentam. Alguns críticos chamam este aspecto de neurorealismo, ou de retórica da auto-evidência. A intenção deste trabalho é problematizar o poder persuasivo que as neuro-imagens detém na contemporaneidade, especialmente quando utilizadas com a finalidade diagnóstica no campo da saúde mental. Se estas imagens transmitem uma ideia de neutralidade, transparência imediata e auto-evidência, este trabalho almeja inseri-las num contexto sócio-histórico, a partir do qual puderam adquirir sentido, familiaridade e valor de verdade. O ponto de partida é o de que elas estão localizadas no cruzamento de dois movimentos históricos distintos: o das ilustrações médicas, em sua relação com a produção de conhecimento objetivo; e o das pesquisas acerca da localização no córtex cerebral de comportamentos complexos e traços de personalidade. Além de estabelecer algumas condições históricas de possibilidade para a emergência de um neo-localizacionismo cerebral, mediado pelas novas tecnologias de imageamento, pretende-se enfatizar algumas descontinuidades com projetos anteriores e marcar a influência do contexto cultural da atualidade para o sucesso e poder persuasivo deste tipo de tecnologia. / Lately, we have seen the popularization and massive difusion of biological descriptions to aspects that we used to consider as social or mentaly based. Notable in scientific and lay environments, this tendency frequently chooses the brain as the privileged organ of its attention. Every week, a new cerebral locality, related to behavioral and personality traces, is publicized. Along with this movement, it is remarkable the intellectual and financial efforts undertaken in the last years in the domaine of mental health, to advance the researchs that aim to discover the neurobiological basis of the mental disorders. This tendency points to the fusion between psychiatry and neurology in only one discipline, phisicalistically based, sometimes called brainology. One of the most important events that served as a base to the legitimation and the popularization of this trend was the development, in the last decades, of the new medical imaging techniques and technologies, like the Positron Emission Tomography (PET scan) and the Functional Magnetical Ressonance Imaging (fMRI). These technologies allowed the image construction of almost every nosografic category made up in the psychiatric domaine, transmitting implicitly many assumptions and promises. Notwithstanding the cultural imaginary sustaned by these technologies and the efforts undertaken to localize the biological markers of psychiatric disorders, there isnt, until the present time, any conclusive result that entitle the imaging diagnostic of nosographies like schizophrenia, depression, and the pathogical gambling. In spite of the mediatic attention and the milionaires amounts destined to researchs in this field, the concret results obtained until now arent free from tough controversies. However, even considering we are very far from the construction of accurate maps for the mental disfunctions, its incredible the power of conviction that neuroimages have nowadays. The scans are exhibited as visuable truths, or facts concerning the people and the world, in a proportion much superior to the data they present. Some critics call such an aspect neurorealism, or rhetoric of auto-evidence. The aim of this work is to question the persuasive power acquired by the neuroimages nowadays, especially when addopted to diagnostic aims in the field of mental health. If these images pass the idea of neutrality, immediate transparence and auto-evidence, this work intends to include them in a social-historical context, through wich they have obtained meaning, familiarity, and the status of truth. The point of depart is their localization in the crossing of two different historical movements: that of the medical illustrations, in its relation to the production of objective knowledge; and that of the researches about the localization, in the brain cortex, of complex behaviours and personality traits. Besides the establishment of some historical conditions of possibylity to the emergence of a cerebral neo-localizationism, this work pretends to stress some diferences in relation to preceding localizationist projects, and to emphasize the influence of the contemporary cultural context to the success e persuasive power of this kind of technologie.

Esta dissertação trata das transformações ocorridas na cultura política mexicana do final do século XIX até o início do XX, enfocando o acervo imagético de um dos principais ilustradores mexicanos, José Guadalupe Posada. Está inserida na Linha de Pesquisa Política e Cultura do Programa de Pós-Graduação em História da UERJ. Os procedimentos teórico-metodológicos nortearam-se pelos aportes da História Cultural e as fontes documentais, em sua maioria ilustrações, foram pesquisadas em arquivos públicos digitais e bibliotecas. O ilustrador viveu entre 1852 e 1913 e foi considerado um dos responsáveis pelo fortalecimento da arte gráfica na América Latina, além de se destacar como um dos intelectuais mais expressivos de sua época e testemunha ocular dos acontecimentos que levaram à Revolução Mexicana. Através daquelas ilustrações analisamos o contexto histórico do México ao longo do governo de Porfírio Díaz. Foram destacadas as culturas políticas que nortearam o percurso do país, a primeira entre a metade e o fim do século XIX, a outra na primeira década do século XX. As obras de José Guadalupe Posada são uma das mais ricas fontes históricas sobre o período e contribuíram para a disseminação de ideias e valores políticos que circularam no México durante o Porfiriato. / This dissertation presents the transformations in Mexican political culture of the late 19th century to the early 20th century, aiming to focus on the imagery collection of one of the greatest Mexican illustrators: José Guadalupe Posada. The theoretical-methodological procedures were guided up by the contributions of cultural history and documentary sources, mostly illustrations, which were found in digital public archives and libraries. The illustrator lived in Mexico between 1852 and 1913, being considered one of the responsible artists for the strengthening of the graphic arts in Latin America, besides standing out as one of the most important intellectuals of his time and eyewitness of the events that led to the Mexican Revolution. Through the illustrations, it was possible to analyze the historical context of Mexico over the government of Porfirio Díaz. Furthermore, the political cultures that guided the country's path were highlighted: the first, between the half and the end of the 19th century and the other, in the first decade of the 20th century. The works of José Guadalupe Posada are one of the richest historical sources about the period, which have contributed to the spread of ideas and political values in Mexico, during the Porfiriato.

This study examines how illustrations are used to introduce the concept of multiplication in Swedish mathematics textbooks intended for use with 2nd grade students. The aim is to find out how instructions and tasks are supported by illustrations by using a sociocultural perspective on learning with focus of mediating artifacts. The findings are compared to research in the field of mathematics didactics, where the importance of teaching multiplicative structures to primary school students is emphasized. With a method that categorize illustrations, insight is gained into how well they connect to the subject content, and in addition if they show additive or multiplicative multiplication. This study also looks into the extent that students are being instructed and encouraged to illustrate their answers to the textbook assignments. Results from the analyses of four 2nd grade mathematics textbook series, show that illustrations are used to a large extent to support text and numbers in introducing multiplication, but that all books contain pictures that contradict the subject content. The results also show that the majority of the illustrations demonstrate multiplication as repeated addition. Furthermore, this study suggests that when students are encouraged to draw pictures themselves, they are in most cases not given support and instructions to draw multiplicative multiplication. Based on earlier research within this field, as well as the findings of this study, it is argued that the dominant focus on repeated addition in illustrations can trap students in patterns of additive reasoning. This can interfere with their perception and comprehension of multiplication structure, and lead to limitations of students’ further development and understanding of mathematic concepts.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:24:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2008-04-01Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:10:10Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 basoli_lp_me_bauru.pdf: 1056527 bytes, checksum: ecab8677d6fd039d2e4806a460813a77 (MD5) / Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) / Subjetividade, crônica, ilustração, jornalismo impresso e produção de sentido. O que esses termos têm em comum? Mais do que apresentar uma opinião pessoal, a crônica e a ilustração, frutos de uma indústria cultural que chega ao Brasil em meados do século XX, influenciam outra visão social, uma vez que se caracterizam pela busca incessante em captar um momento da realidade e interpretá-lo por meio do texto ou do traço. Os meios de comunicação atraem a atenção do leitor pelas diferentes maneiras de informar ou comentar uma notícia. Ao longo da evolução do jornalismo impresso, colunas de informação foram adaptadas ao jornal e o uso da ilustração passou a ser um recurso utilizado para produção de sentido na realidade. Tão subjetiva quanto as crônicas, editoriais e comentários, a ilustração hoje é empregada diariamente no meio impresso, devido ao avanço proporcionado pelas novas tecnologias e também pela boa recepção que obteve junto ao público leitor que cada vez mais consume imagens. A partir dessa perspectiva, temos a inegável importância de se estudar a relação entre o texto e a imagem para compreendermos a implicação do verbal e do não verbal através das novas propostas de comunicação. Na presente dissertação, verificaremos a produção de sentido entre determinadas crônicas de Arnaldo Jabor e ilustrações de Cido Gonçalves publicadas no Caderno 2 do jornal O Estado de S. Paulo entre 2006 e 2007. Analisaremos as mesmas como manifestações de uma indústria cultural consolidada e ainda forte. Verificar a relação texto e imagem é o objetivo principal a que nos propomos, refletindo sobre a importância da crônica e da ilustração no meio impresso. Pretendemos analisar as crônicas selecionadas averiguando como essas superam a efemeridade das notícias utilizando outros referenciais para situar os constantes conflitos sociais. Analisaremos... / Subjectivity, chronics, illustration, printed journalism and production of meaning. What do these terms have in common? More than presenting a personal opinion, chronics and illustrations, offspring of a cultural industry that arrives in Brazil in the beginning of the 20th century, influence other social vision, once they are characterized by a restless search to capture a moment of reality and interpret it through text or illustration. The means of communication attracts the reader’s attention through different ways of informing or commenting a piece of news. During the evolution of printed journalism, columns of information were adapted to the newspaper and the use of illustration started being a resource used in the construction of a new production of meaning over the reality. As subjective as the chronics, editorials and comments, the illustration is used nowadays in a daily basis in the printed media, due to the evolution enabled by the new technologies and also by the good acceptance which received along to the readers which more and more consumes images. From this perspective, there is the undeniable importance of studying the relationship between text and image to understand the implication of the verbal and non-verbal through the new propositions of communication. In the present dissertation, we are going to check the production of meaning among determined chronics by Arnaldo Jabor and the illustrations of Cido Gonçalves published in Caderno 2 of the O Estado de S. Paulo newspaper between 2006 and 2007. We will analyze them as manifestations of a consolidated and strong cultural industry. Checking the relationship between text and image is the main objective proposed, reflecting over the importance of chronics and illustration in the printed media. We intend to analyze the selected chronics noticing how they overcome the ephemerity of the news using other referentials to site ...(Complete abstract click electronic address below)

Orientador: Olga Ceciliato Mattiolli / Banca: José Sterza Justo / Banca: Paulo Roberto de Carvalho / Resumo: A violência é um fenômeno social e historicamente construído muito presente no mundo contemporâneo. Trata-se de um fenômeno multifacetado e multideterminado exigindo para sua compreensão estudos interdisciplinares. A violência afeta indistintamente todas as populações e faixas etárias, mas a infância representa um segmento populacional mais desprotegido, no qual diferentes formas de violência se manifestam, a saber: violência física, psicológica, econômica, ideológica e outras. A violência pode manifestar-se na infância de forma explícita ou implícita: na família, na escola, nos meios de comunicação de massa, nos próprios livros didáticos. Esta pesquisa foi desenvolvida no ano de 2004 a partir de uma necessidade da autora de promover um olhar crítico sobre as ilustrações contidas nos livros didáticos de História, mostrando seu grau de importância no contexto geral do livro como veículo de informação e formação do aluno. Assim, o objetivo principal deste trabalho foi identificar a presença de diferentes formas de violência nos livros didáticos, através de análises de ilustrações presentes em uma coleção de livros de História de 5ª a 8ª séries, indicada pelo Ministério da Educação e Cultura para o ano de 2005. O enfoque metodológico pautou-se pelo referencial teórico da Psicologia Sócio-Histórica, em consonância com a concepção do objeto de estudo, e as análises das ilustrações foram feitas segundo os critérios da pesquisa qualitativa. Os resultados das análises evidenciaram que os livros pesquisados trazem de forma explícita e implícita diversas formas de violência nas ilustrações, entre as quais, a violência simbólica e, longe de ser neutro, o livro é um importante instrumento ideológico em sala de aula, ideologia esta que é passada não só pelo texto escrito como também através das imagens. / Abstract: Violence is a historically constructed social phenomenon frequently observed in the contemporary world. It is a multifaceted and multi-determined phenomenon that demands interdisciplinary studies. Violence affects all populations and people of all ages alike ; however, infancy is the most unprotected population segment, during which different forms of violence can occur such as: physical ,psychological, economical, ideological and others. Violence can be present during infancy explicitly or implicitly : in the family, at school, in the mass communication media, and even in textbooks. This research was carried out in 2004, when the author decided to cast a critical look into the illustrations found in history textbooks, showing their importance to the general context of the book as information and formation means for students. The main objective of this work was to identify different forms of violence in textbooks through the analysis of the illustrations found in a collection of History books for 5th to 8th graders, and recommended by MEC (Federal Education and Culture Department) for the 2005 school year. The methodology adopted was based on the Socio-Historical Psychology literature related to the object of the study, and the analyses of the illustrations were done according to qualitative research criteria. Results showed that the illustrations in the textbooks contained many forms of implicit and explicit violence, including symbolic violence. Far from being neutral, the textbook is an important ideological instrument used in the classroom; it passes on an ideology not only through the written text but also through images. / Mestre