Cette thèse est une contribution à l’amélioration des observations pour les radiotélescopes à réseaux phasés en présence d’interférences. L’originalité de cette thèse repose sur l’utilisation de la séparation spatiale entre les sources cosmiques et les brouilleurs issus des télécommunications en se basant sur la cyclostationnarité de ces derniers. Cette thèse s’inscrit dans le cadre du projet européen SKADS pour l’amélioration des techniques de suppression d’interférences en radioastronomie pour les futurs instruments d’observations.Nous avons proposé trois techniques de traitement d’interférences : la détection,l’estimation et la soustraction, et le filtrage spatial. Les performances des techniques proposées ont été évaluées à travers des simulations sur des données synthétiqueset/ou réelles, et comparées aux techniques existantes. / This thesis is a contribution to observation improvements for phased array radiotelescopes, in the presence of radio frequency interferers (RFIs). The originality ofthe study is the use of the cyclostationarity property, in order to improve the spatial separation between cosmic sources and telecommunication signals. This thesis is part of the European SKADS project, which aims to improve RFI mitigation techniques for future instruments in radio astronomy.We have proposed three spatial processing techniques: detection, estimation and subtraction and spatial filtering. The performance of the techniques presented have been evaluated through simulations on synthetic and/or real data, and compared to existing approaches.

<p>Adaptive antenna arrays have a great importance in reduction of the effect of interference and increase the capacity for the mobile satellite communication. Interference and multipath fading remain a main problem for reception of signals. These two problems obviously affect the overall capacity.  Adaptive antenna arrays in the handheld mobile apparatus will be the solution for the above two problems.</p><p> </p><p>Satellite mobile communication is one of the growing fields in the communication area where terrestrial infrastructures are unable or ineffective to supply. Maritime, aeronautical and land mobile are some of the applications. During natural disasters where ground services are stopped, mobile satellite communications has great importance. Following the hurricane season, the Asian Tsunami and the devastating Haiti earthquake, mobile satellite communications had played a great role to fill the communication gaps.  The satellites can be tracked automatically by adaptive antenna array when it moves in its orbital plane.</p><p> </p><p>In this thesis the methods that how the adaptive antenna array combats interferers is presented and simulated using MATLAB software. The performance of the adaptive antenna array is evaluated by simulating the directivity pattern of the antenna and Mean Square Error (MSE) graph for different scenario like Signal to Interference Noise ratio (SINR), number of iterations, antenna array elements and convergence factor (μ), assuming the signals are coming from different Direction of Arrival (DOA).</p><p> </p><p> </p>

Adaptive antenna arrays have a great importance in reduction of the effect of interference and increase the capacity for the mobile satellite communication. Interference and multipath fading remain a main problem for reception of signals. These two problems obviously affect the overall capacity.  Adaptive antenna arrays in the handheld mobile apparatus will be the solution for the above two problems.   Satellite mobile communication is one of the growing fields in the communication area where terrestrial infrastructures are unable or ineffective to supply. Maritime, aeronautical and land mobile are some of the applications. During natural disasters where ground services are stopped, mobile satellite communications has great importance. Following the hurricane season, the Asian Tsunami and the devastating Haiti earthquake, mobile satellite communications had played a great role to fill the communication gaps.  The satellites can be tracked automatically by adaptive antenna array when it moves in its orbital plane.   In this thesis the methods that how the adaptive antenna array combats interferers is presented and simulated using MATLAB software. The performance of the adaptive antenna array is evaluated by simulating the directivity pattern of the antenna and Mean Square Error (MSE) graph for different scenario like Signal to Interference Noise ratio (SINR), number of iterations, antenna array elements and convergence factor (μ), assuming the signals are coming from different Direction of Arrival (DOA).

Submitted by Neusa Fagundes (neusa.fagundes@unioeste.br) on 2017-09-21T12:52:43Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Lidimara_Suzin2016.pdf: 1101642 bytes, checksum: a43f9b48b9bb8608223b37075c7f37e1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-21T12:52:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Lidimara_Suzin2016.pdf: 1101642 bytes, checksum: a43f9b48b9bb8608223b37075c7f37e1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-10-21 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The swine production is one of the most important livestock activities in Brazil. On the other hand, it is also the main responsible for environmental impacts, which grow fast due to the high demand for animal protein. Thus, there is an increase on production concentration in smaller areas, which generates a large volume of manure with high concentration of nutrients, specially phosphorus and nitrogen. When the production of these effluents surpasses local demand to be used as fertilizers, if there are not well handled and treated, it may pose a threat to natural resources, to human and animal health. Furthermore, studies have already suggested a depletion of phosphorus sources, therefore, new strategies are needed for this nutrient recovery and reuse. Based on this context, in order to mitigate the two major issues involving phosphorus, the processes for its removal from swine wastewater have been widely studied. Chemical precipitation has gained greater attention due to its low cost, high efficiency and process speed. However, its application must be evaluated with regard to aspects involving the influence of effluent quality on the process and system efficiency in large scale. In this context, the present study aimed at evaluating the chemical removal of phosphorus from swine effluents treated by different nitrogen removal processes, using hydrated lime (Ca(OH)2) as a calcium source to precipitate Ca3(PO4)2 in bench scale and full-scale application. / A suinocultura é uma das atividades da cadeia pecuária com maior expressão no Brasil. No entanto, é apontada como uma das principais responsáveis por impactos ambientais, que ganham escala devido à crescente demanda por proteína animal. Assim, há um aumento na concentração da produção em áreas menores, logo é produzido grande volume de dejetos com elevada concentração de nutrientes, principalmente fósforo e nitrogênio. Quando a produção desses efluentes excede a demanda local para uso como fertilizantes, se não manejados e tratados de forma correta, podem representar uma ameaça aos recursos naturais, à saúde animal e humana. Além disso, estudos apontam para um esgotamento das fontes de fósforo, portanto, são necessárias novas estratégias para recuperação e reutilização desse nutriente. Dentro deste contexto, com o intuito de mitigar os dois principais problemas que envolvem o fósforo, os processos para a remoção do mesmo de efluentes suinícolas têm sido amplamente estudados. A precipitação química tem ganhado maior atenção devido ao baixo custo, à elevada eficiência e rapidez do processo. Contudo, sua aplicação precisa ser avaliada em relação aos aspectos que envolvem a influência da qualidade do efluente sobre a eficiência do processo e a aplicação do sistema em maior escala. Diante disso, o presente estudo avaliou a remoção química do fósforo de águas residuárias da suinocultura pré-tratadas por diferentes processos biológicos, com o emprego de cal hidratada (Ca(OH)2) como fonte de cálcio para precipitação de Ca3(PO4)2, em escala de bancada e a aplicação em escala real.